Brollups：新的比特幣 Layer-2 預計將在 DeFi 領域帶來新的用例，而無需分叉網絡

Burak 是一位著名駭客，他於 2022 年 11 月啟動了閃電網路擴容鏈上的漏洞，現在他正在向市場推出自己的基於比特幣的第 2 層

The famous hacker who activated a bug on the Lightning Network scaling chain in November 2022 is introducing his own Bitcoin-based layer-2 to the market: “Brollups”.

2022 年 11 月啟動閃電網路擴容鏈上的漏洞的著名駭客正在向市場推出他自己的基於比特幣的第 2 層：「Brollups」。

The new product called brings several improvements to Bitcoin’s cryptographic infrastructure by introducing new use cases in the field of decentralized finance without having to resort to a fork and without having to introduce a new token.

這款名為的新產品透過在去中心化金融領域引入新的用例，為比特幣的加密基礎設施帶來了一些改進，而無需訴諸分叉，也無需引入新的代幣。

Let’s see everything in detail below.

下面讓我們詳細看看一切。

The hacker of the Lightning Network presents Brollups and introduces new use cases for Bitcoin’s layer-2

閃電網路的駭客展示了 Brollups 並介紹了比特幣第 2 層的新用例

Burak, a cryptographic developer who was a key figure in the hacker attack on the Lightning Network in November 2022, is about to launch his own Bitcoin layer-2 called “Brollups”.

Burak 是一名加密貨幣開發人員，也是 2022 年 11 月閃電網路駭客攻擊的關鍵人物，他即將推出自己的比特幣第 2 層，名為「Brollups」。

It is a second-layer blockchain anchored to the superior DA (data availability), offering a new type of Bitcoin-native rollup design as it groups transactions together, providing greater scalability without the need to fork Bitcoin or issue a secondary token.

它是一個錨定於高級DA（數據可用性）的第二層區塊鏈，提供了一種新型的比特幣原生匯總設計，因為它將交易分組在一起，提供了更大的可擴展性，而無需分叉比特幣或發行二級代幣。

This type of layer-2 is still in the design phase, with the launch in testnet expected by the end of the year, but already now it plans to support over 90% of the upcoming use cases that will be introduced in DeFi.

這種類型的 Layer-2 仍處於設計階段，預計將於今年年底在測試網中推出，但現在它已經計劃支援 DeFi 中即將引入的 90% 以上的用例。

According to what was reported by the same creator of the new chain:

根據新鏈的同一創建者的報告：

“Whether listing an NFT for sale in exchange for Bitcoin where the buyer pays with Bitcoin at the time of execution or placing a symbolic sell order on a decentralized exchange, [all of this is] executed atomically, verifiable, scalable, and enforceable on Bitcoin.”

「無論是列出NFT 以換取比特幣（買家在執行時用比特幣付款）還是在去中心化交易所下象徵性賣單，[所有這一切]都是在比特幣上以原子方式執行、可驗證、可擴展且可執行」。

The creator of Brollups is not new to this kind of chains: last year he indeed created a competitor of Lightning Network called Ark Protocol.

Brollups 的創建者對這種鏈並不陌生：去年他確實創建了閃電網路的競爭對手，名為 Ark Protocol。

Introducing Brollups: a Bitcoin-native rollup design that works with a native Bitcoin peg and requires no changes to the Bitcoin protocol.https://t.co/OW2y0xJrg0

Brollups 簡介：比特幣原生的 rollup 設計，可與原生比特幣掛鉤配合使用，無需更改比特幣協議。

According to what was reported by Burak, the architecture of Brollups differs from optimistic rollup (Optimism, Arbitrum) and zk-rollups (Starknet, Zksync) typical of the Ethereum blockchain.

根據 Burak 的報導，Brollups 的架構不同於以太坊區塊鏈典型的 optimistic rollup（Optimism、Arbitrum）和 zk-rollups（Starknet、Zksync）。

These types of networks are in fact managed by a central operator or by a quorum of operators, who provide liquidity to the protocol and advance the state of rollup by chaining Bitcoin transactions at regular intervals.

這些類型的網路實際上由中央運營商或法定運營商管理，他們為協議提供流動性，並透過定期連結比特幣交易來推進匯總狀態。

They are based on the concept of using virtual UTXOs (VTXO) as a peg within smart contracts, relying on layer-1 as the data availability layer and executing transactions on the custom VM of the Bitcoin Virtual Machine.

它們基於使用虛擬 UTXO (VTXO) 作為智慧合約中的掛鉤的概念，依賴第 1 層作為資料可用性層，並在比特幣虛擬機器的自訂 VM 上執行交易。

The VTXO can be used off-chain (and therefore implemented with smart contracts) while the calldata are verified by the clients. The VTXO are seen as bytes, while the calldata interpret the bytes: combining them gives rise to automated on-chain conditions typical of DeFi contracts

VTXO 可以在鏈外使用（因此可以透過智慧合約實現），同時呼叫資料由客戶端驗證。 VTXO 被視為字節，而 calldata 解釋位元組：將它們組合起來會產生 DeFi 合約典型的自動化鏈上條件

Simplificano Burak wrote in his blog post that:

Simplificano Burak 在他的部落格文章中寫道：

“The brollup are, in short, the coins between VTXO and calldata.”

“簡而言之，brollup 是 VTXO 和 calldata 之間的代幣。”

The Bitcoin community immediately congratulated the layer-2 developer for introducing a new network that does not require changes to the protocol but at the same time allows for the introduction of new use cases in the field of decentralized finance.

比特幣社群立即祝賀第 2 層開發人員引入了一個新網絡，該網絡不需要更改協議，但同時允許在去中心化金融領域引入新的用例。

Despite this, some experts in the field have pointed out to Burak that, contrary to what was written in his post, it is not true that all zk-rollups are based on the fundamental dependency on a reliable setup as there are already several systems like STARK, Halo, and Plonky2 that do not require this step.

儘管如此，該領域的一些專家向 Burak 指出，與他在帖子中所寫的相反，並非所有 zk-rollups 都基於對可靠設置的基本依賴，因為已經有幾個系統，例如不需要此步驟的STARK 、Halo 和Plonky2。

Furthermore, some are asking questions regarding the operational cost that the layer-2 Brollups will require to verify and control all the keys in the KDC session.

此外，有些人還詢問有關第 2 層 Brollups 驗證和控制 KDC 會話中所有密鑰所需的營運成本的問題。

Another interesting invention Burak! Some small corrections:

另一個有趣的發明布拉克！一些小修正：

> ZKP rollups are built upon a fundamental reliance on a trusted setup

> ZKP 匯總建立在對可信任設定的基本依賴之上

not true for all ZKP rollups, there are several types of proving systems now that do not require a trusted setup (e.g. STARKs, Halo, Plonky2)

並非所有 ZKP 匯總都是如此，現在有幾種類型的證明系統不需要可信任設定（例如 STARKs、Halo、Plonky2）

The attack by Burak in 2022 on the layer-2 Lightning network

2022年Burak對二層閃電網路的攻擊

Diving into the past, we see how the same developer Burak who is about to introduce “Brollup”, in 2022 had organized a hacker attack on the layer-2 network of Bitcoin Lightning Network.

回顧過去，我們看到即將推出「Brollup」的同一位開發者 Burak 在 2022 年是如何組織對比特幣閃電網路第二層網路的駭客攻擊的。

In that circumstance, the user exploited a bug on the network, causing the temporary fall of all nodes, however, without proceeding with malicious intents and without stealing any funds from the second-level chain. In particular, the nodes had stopped synchronizing due to an issue with the btcd analysis library.

在這種情況下，用戶利用了網路上的漏洞，導致所有節點暫時癱瘓，但並沒有惡意，也沒有從二級鏈竊取任何資金。特別是，由於 btcd 分析庫出現問題，節點已停止同步。

According to what was reported at the time by Lightning Labs, it was necessary to activate an emergency update on the network a few hours after the incident, avoiding harmful consequences to the non-updated nodes that are closed by timelock if not connected and synchronized within two weeks.

根據閃電實驗室當時的報道，事件發生幾小時後，有必要在網路上啟動緊急更新，避免對因時間鎖而關閉的未更新節點，如果在規定時間內未連接和同步而造成有害後果。週。

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