現在，隨著國際貨幣基金組織的書籍和美國儲備金中的比特幣，全球加密貨幣是否報告進入新階段？

國際貨幣基金組織決定正式考慮像比特幣這樣的數字資產的決定是在兩個截然不同的國家（美國和薩爾瓦多）採取可見和象徵性步驟的時候，將比特幣固定在各自的財務策略之內。

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has included cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin (BTC), in its global economic reporting standards for the first time, integrating digital assets into the seventh edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM7).

國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）首次將包括比特幣（BTC）在內的加密貨幣包括在內的全球經濟報告標準中，將數字資產整合到第七版的支付手冊（BPM7）。

Announced on March 20, the update to the BPM7, which is used by central banks and finance ministries to measure cross-border economic activity, follows a year of consultation with 160 countries.

在3月20日宣布的BPM7更新是在與160個國家 /地區進行了一年的磋商之後。

The manual sets out the statistical rules used to record trade flows, capital movements, and financial services in a comparable way across countries.

該手冊列出了用來以可比方式記錄貿易流，資本運動和金融服務的統計規則。

While the update does not grant any legal status to digital assets or provide any official backing, it represents a key step in how governments and international institutions will measure crypto-related activity.

雖然該更新並未授予數字資產的任何法律地位或提供任何官方支持，但它代表了政府和國際機構如何衡量與加密相關的活動的關鍵步驟。

Until now, trillions of dollars in yearly crypto transactions were either not recorded or inconsistently reported, leading to gaps in economic data and limited visibility into the true scale of crypto’s cross-border impact.

到目前為止，尚未記錄或不一致的年度加密交易中的數万億美元，導致經濟數據差距和對加密貨幣跨境影響的真實規模有限。

BPM7 addresses this issue by providing clear definitions and accounting rules for different types of digital assets. As a result, Bitcoin, altcoins, stablecoins, staking rewards and even NFTs will now be tracked alongside other forms of capital flows, investments and services.

BPM7通過為不同類型的數字資產提供明確的定義和會計規則來解決此問題。結果，現在將與其他形式的資本流，投資和服務一起跟踪比特幣，替代幣，穩定獎，既定獎勵，甚至NFTS。

How crypto now counts

加密現在如何計算

The BPM7 framework introduces a clear taxonomy for digital assets based on their structure, function and economic role, classifying them as either capital assets, financial instruments or service-related income depending on how they operate and whether they carry liabilities.

BPM7框架根據其結構，功能和經濟作用引入了數字資產的明確分類，將其歸類為資本資產，金融工具或與服務相關的收入，具體取決於它們的運作方式以及是否承擔責任。

The first major change is the classification of decentralized cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. These are now recorded as non-produced, non-financial assets — a category that also includes land, natural resources and spectrum rights.

第一個主要變化是分散的加密貨幣等分類比特幣。這些現在被記錄為非生產的非財務資產，該類別還包括土地，自然資源和頻譜權。

Bitcoin has no issuer, is not backed by reserves and doesn't represent a claim on anyone, making it fundamentally different from traditional financial instruments. When transferred across borders, Bitcoin is recorded in the capital account as an acquisition or disposal of a non-produced asset.

比特幣沒有發行人，不受儲備金的支持，也不代表任何人的主張，這與傳統金融工具根本不同。當跨境轉移時，比特幣被記錄在資本帳戶中，以獲取或處置非生產資產。

Ethereum (ETH) and other smart contract-based tokens are treated differently. If they offer ownership, governance or yield-bearing features and the holder resides in a different country from the protocol's origin, they can be recorded as equity-like assets under the financial account.

以太坊（ETH）和其他基於智能合同的令牌的對待不同。如果他們提供所有權，治理或承重功能，而持有人則居住在與協議起源不同的國家中，則可以將其記錄為金融帳戶下的類似股票的資產。

For example, an investor in India holding Ripple (XRP) tokens tied to a U.S.-based validator set may have that position treated like foreign equity under international investment position (IIP) reporting, aligning crypto holdings with existing cross-border asset tracking norms.

例如，印度的投資者持有與總部位於美國驗證者組合的職位的投資者（XRP）令牌可能在國際投資職位（IIP）報告下將其視為外國股權，將加密貨幣與現有的跨境資產跟踪規範保持一致。

Stablecoins such as Tether (USDT) or USD Coin (USDC) are recognized as financial instruments primarily because assets back them and they carry a liability from the issuer to the holder, placing them in the same category as traditional debt instruments or deposit-like assets depending on their structure.

固定幣（例如Tether（USDT）或USD Coin（USDC））被公認為是金融工具，主要是因為資產退回資產，並且根據其結構，它們將發行人的責任從發行人到持有人承擔與傳統債務工具或類似存款樣的資產的類別。

The manual also provides new guidance on crypto-related services. Mining, staking and validation are now treated as service production.

該手冊還提供了有關加密相關服務的新指南。現在將採礦，積分和驗證視為服務生產。

If these activities generate income across borders — such as staking rewards paid to validators in other countries — they are recorded under computer services exports or imports, mirroring how tech-enabled services like cloud computing or software development are handled in trade data.

如果這些活動在跨邊界（例如向其他國家 /地區支付的驗證者支付的存放獎勵）產生收入，則將記錄在計算機服務的出口或進口下，從而反映在貿易數據中如何處理諸如雲計算或軟件開發之類的技術服務。

In some cases, staking rewards may also be treated as investment income, comparable to dividends, particularly if the staking position resembles equity ownership.

在某些情況下，放入獎勵也可能被視為投資收入，與股息相當，特別是如果股權與權益所有權相似。

Beyond classification, the manual sets a framework for consistency. Countries that previously lacked the tools or definitions to track crypto flows now have IMF-endorsed standards to follow.

除了分類之外，該手冊還設定了一致性的框架。以前缺乏跟踪加密流的工具或定義的國家現在有了IMF認可的標準。

While implementation will depend on each country's statistical capacity, the guidelines establish a baseline for aligning crypto with broader macroeconomic data.

儘管實施將取決於每個國家的統計能力，但該指南為將加密貨幣與更廣泛的宏觀經濟數據保持一致。

This matters most for countries where crypto usage is economically relevant. In Nigeria, for instance, over 35% of adults report using or owning crypto, according to a 2023 report by KuCoin.

這對於加密使用在經濟上相關的國家最重要。例如，根據Kucoin的2023年報告，在尼日利亞，在尼日利亞，超過35％的成年人報告使用或擁有加密貨幣。

In El Salvador, where Bitcoin is a reserve asset, national reporting mechanisms for Bitcoin-related inflows remain underdeveloped.

在薩爾瓦多（El Salvador），比特幣是儲備資產，與比特幣相關流入的國家報告機制仍然不發達。

These are exactly the cases where BPM7 provides much-needed structure.

這些正是BPM7提供了急需的結構的情況。

America hoards, El Salvador buys

美國硬黨，薩爾瓦多買

The IMF's decision to formally account for digital assets like Bitcoin comes at a time when two very different nations — the U.S. and El Salvador — are taking visible and symbolic steps to anchor Bitcoin within their respective financial strategies.

國際貨幣基金組織決定正式考慮像比特幣這樣的數字資產的決定是在兩個截然不同的國家（美國和薩爾瓦多）採取可見和象徵性步驟的時候，將比特幣固定在各自的財務策略之內。

While the IMF's manual focuses on statistical transparency, recent policy actions by both countries highlight how Bitcoin is becoming more than just a private-sector instrument, especially for governments that previously stood at opposite ends of the crypto spectrum.

儘管國際貨幣基金組織的手冊側重於統計透明度，但兩國的最新政策行動強調了比特幣如何成為一種不僅僅是一種私營部門的工具，尤其是對於以前站在加密貨幣相反的政府而言。

On March 6, just two weeks before the IMF published its revised BPM7 guidelines, President Donald Trump signed an executive order establishing a strategic Bitcoin reserve for the U.S.

3月6日，即國際貨幣基金組織發布其修訂後的BPM7指南前兩週，唐納德·特朗普總統簽署了一項行政命令，為美國建立了戰略性比特幣儲備

For years, U.S. authorities focused on enforcement and regulatory oversight. Now, the federal government is officially committing to hold Bitcoin — at least the portion already seized through criminal and civil forfeitures.

多年來，美國當局致力於執法和監管監督。現在，聯邦政府正式承諾持有比特幣 - 至少已經通過刑事和民事沒收抓住的部分。

According to estimates, the U.S. government currently controls approximately 200,000 BTC, mostly acquired through legal actions involving

據估計，美國政府目前控制著大約200,000 BTC，主要是通過涉及的法律行動來獲得的