阿根廷總統 Milei 頒布新的加密貨幣監管框架

哈維爾·米雷(Javier Milei) 是一位無政府資本主義者和自由主義者，於2023 年12 月成為阿根廷總統。政府最初被視為支持比特幣和加密貨幣，但政府加強監管的舉措令許多人感到驚訝。國家價值委員會（CNV）實施了虛擬資產服務提供者的強制性註冊，要求在阿根廷經營加密資產的公司和個人遵守。

Argentina Unveils New Cryptocurrency Regulatory Framework Under President Javier Milei

阿根廷在總統哈維爾·米萊 (Javier Milei) 的領導下推出了新的加密貨幣監管框架

Following the election of Javier Milei, an anarcho-capitalist and libertarian leader, as Argentina's president in December 2023, many anticipated that his economic and monetary policies would foster the country's adoption of Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies. However, recent developments suggest that the government is taking a more cautious approach.

無政府資本主義和自由主義領導人哈維爾·米雷 (Javier Milei) 於 2023 年 12 月當選阿根廷總統後，許多人預計他的經濟和貨幣政策將促進該國採用比特幣和加密貨幣。然而，最近的事態發展表明政府正在採取更加謹慎的態度。

In late March, the Comisión Nacional de Valores (CNV), Argentina's securities regulator, announced the establishment of a mandatory Registry of Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) for entities operating with crypto assets within the country. This requirement, part of amendments to the existing regulatory framework, aims to address recommendations from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an intergovernmental body that sets standards for combating money laundering and terrorist financing.

3 月下旬，阿根廷證券監管機構國家價值委員會 (CNV) 宣佈為在該國境內營運加密資產的實體建立強制性虛擬資產服務提供者 (VASP) 登記處。這項要求是現有監管框架修正案的一部分，旨在回應金融行動特別工作組 (FATF) 的建議，該組織是一個制定打擊洗錢和恐怖主義融資標準的政府間機構。

The Registry will require companies and individuals offering cryptocurrency-related services, such as buying, selling, sending, receiving, lending, or trading, to complete the registration process. Both locally based and foreign firms operating in the Argentine market will be subject to this requirement.

登記處將要求提供加密貨幣相關服務（例如購買、出售、發送、接收、借貸或交易）的公司和個人完成註冊流程。在阿根廷市場營運的本地公司和外國公司都將受到這項要求的約束。

"Those who are not registered will not be able to operate in the country," affirmed Roberto E. Silva, president of the CNV. Following the announcement, the CNV engaged in a meeting with major legal firms and the Fintech chamber to discuss the implementation of the Registry, with participation from representatives of local companies.

CNV 總裁 Roberto E. Silva 表示：“未註冊的企業將無法在該國開展業務。”公告發布後，CNV 與主要律師事務所和金融科技商會召開了會議，討論註冊中心的實施，當地公司的代表也參加了會議。

The move has been met with criticism from some sectors. Manuel Ferrari, member of Argentinian NGO Directive and co-founder of the Money On Chain protocol, argues that the Registry is an unnecessary interference in the cryptocurrency market.

此舉遭到了一些部門的批評。阿根廷非政府組織指令成員、Money On Chain 協議聯合創始人 Manuel Ferrari 認為，登記處是對加密貨幣市場不必要的干擾。

"Bitcoin is money, not a security. It's preposterous to require currency exchange houses or gold shops to register with the CNV," Ferrari stated in an interview. "This benefits no one except state bureaucrats and an army of lawyers and people from the 'compliance industry.'"

「比特幣是貨幣，而不是證券。要求貨幣兌換所或金店在 CNV 註冊是荒謬的，」法拉利在接受採訪時表示。 “除了國家官僚、律師大軍和‘合規行業’人士之外，這對任何人都沒有好處。”

Ferrari believes that the measure does not align with Milei's perceived pro-Bitcoin stance, emphasizing that Milei's party did not initiate the Registry proposal. Nicolas Bourbon, co-founder of payments solution KamiPay, echoed Ferrari's sentiments, highlighting that Milei's support is more general in nature, extending to any form of currency, including unconventional options like rocks or copper.

Ferrari 認為，該措施與 Milei 所認為的支持比特幣的立場不一致，並強調 Milei 的政黨並未發起登記提案。支付解決方案 KamiPay 聯合創始人 Nicolas Bourbon 呼應了 Ferrari 的觀點，強調 Milei 的支持本質上更為普遍，涵蓋任何形式的貨幣，包括岩石或銅等非常規選擇。

Both Ferrari and Bourbon view the Registry as a response to international pressure rather than a medida aimed at impacting users in the short term. This assessment is supported by Argentina's ranking as the 15th largest cryptocurrency market globally, according to Chainalysis' Global Crypto Adoption Index Top 20.

Ferrari 和 Bourbon 都將註冊表視為對國際壓力的回應，而不是旨在短期影響使用者的醫療手段。根據 Chainaanalysis 的全球加密貨幣採用指數前 20 名，阿根廷被列為全球第 15 大加密貨幣市場，這項評估得到了支持。

It remains to be seen how the new regulatory framework will impact the Argentine cryptocurrency market. While the Registry is intended to address money laundering concerns, it is likely to face scrutiny from those who believe it infringes upon the freedom to transact in cryptocurrencies. The outcome of this debate will have implications not only for Argentina but also for the wider cryptocurrency industry.

新的監管框架將如何影響阿根廷加密貨幣市場還有待觀察。雖然登記處的目的是解決洗錢問題，但它可能會面臨那些認為它侵犯了加密貨幣交易自由的人的審查。這場辯論的結果不僅會對阿根廷產生影響，還會對更廣泛的加密貨幣產業產生影響。