僵尸区块链：加密世界中持久的幽灵

加密货币市场可能正在蓬勃发展，但在 240 万个代币和 2.4 万亿美元的市值中，《福布斯》揭示了一个令人担忧的趋势：“僵尸区块链”。这 20 种加密货币，包括 XRP、卡尔达诺、莱特币、比特币现金和以太坊经典，尽管缺乏实际效用或采用，但仍保持着可观的估值。这些代币的特点是持续的商业活动而没有实际应用，由于投机交易和种子资金而持续存在，而不是实现其预期目标，引发了人们对区块链行业健康和生存能力的担忧。

Zombie Blockchains: A Persistent Presence in the Cryptocurrency Landscape

僵尸区块链：加密货币领域的持续存在

The world of cryptocurrency, with its ever-evolving landscape and vast array of digital assets, has garnered considerable attention. However, amidst the hype surrounding this burgeoning field, a peculiar phenomenon has emerged: the persistence of "zombie blockchains." These cryptocurrencies, despite lacking significant utility or widespread adoption, maintain substantial market valuations, raising concerns about the underlying foundations of the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

加密货币世界以其不断发展的格局和大量的数字资产，引起了相当多的关注。然而，在围绕这个新兴领域的炒作中，出现了一个奇特的现象：“僵尸区块链”的持续存在。尽管这些加密货币缺乏显着的效用或广泛采用，但仍保持着可观的市场估值，引发了人们对加密货币生态系统底层基础的担忧。

A recent report by Forbes has identified a cohort of 20 cryptocurrencies that fall within the category of "zombie blockchains." These cryptocurrencies, including prominent names such as XRP, Cardano (ADA), Litecoin (LTC), Bitcoin Cash (BCH), and Ethereum Classic (ETC), have sustained commercial activity and market presence without demonstrating practical applications.

福布斯最近的一份报告确定了 20 种加密货币属于“僵尸区块链”类别。这些加密货币，包括 XRP、卡尔达诺 (ADA)、莱特币 (LTC)、比特币现金 (BCH) 和以太坊经典 (ETC) 等知名货币，虽然没有展示实际应用，但已经持续了商业活动和市场存在。

The term "zombie blockchain" aptly captures the paradoxical nature of these projects. They exist without showing signs of life in terms of utility or substantial user bases. Despite their lack of practical use, these tokens persist due to speculative trading and significant seed funding, rather than achieving their intended goals.

“僵尸区块链”一词恰如其分地体现了这些项目的矛盾本质。它们的存在并没有在实用性或大量用户基础方面显示出生命力的迹象。尽管缺乏实际用途，但由于投机交易和大量种子资金，这些代币仍然存在，而不是实现其预期目标。

The case of Ripple's XRP exemplifies the challenges faced by zombie blockchains. Created to compete with the SWIFT banking network by enabling fast and cheap international transfers, XRP has not been able to disrupt SWIFT and relies heavily on speculative trading for its market value.

Ripple 的 XRP 案例体现了僵尸区块链所面临的挑战。 XRP 的创建目的是通过实现快速、廉价的国际转账来与 SWIFT 银行网络竞争，但它未能扰乱 SWIFT，并且其市场价值严重依赖投机交易。

Similarly, hard forks such as Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, Bitcoin SV, and Ethereum Classic maintain high ratings but are underutilized, serving mostly for speculative investments rather than practical applications. Their resilience is attributed to liquidity, with trading activity keeping them afloat.

同样，莱特币、比特币现金、比特币 SV 和以太坊经典等硬分叉保持着较高的评级，但未得到充分利用，主要用于投机投资而不是实际应用。它们的弹性归因于流动性，交易活动使它们得以维持下去。

However, the persistence of zombie blockchains raises questions about the underlying health of the cryptocurrency ecosystem. Critics argue that these projects lack fundamental value and their market valuations are inflated by speculative activity. This creates a distorted market environment where the price of a cryptocurrency is not necessarily reflective of its underlying utility or potential.

然而，僵尸区块链的持续存在引发了人们对加密货币生态系统潜在健康状况的质疑。批评者认为，这些项目缺乏基本价值，其市场估值因投机活动而被夸大。这造成了一个扭曲的市场环境，其中加密货币的价格不一定反映其潜在的效用或潜力。

The Forbes report also highlights governance and financial accountability issues within these blockchain projects. Unlike traditional companies, which operate under regulatory oversight and obligations to shareholders, zombie blockchains often lack such mechanisms. This lack of oversight complicates efforts to assess their viability or financial health, as seen in cases like Ethereum Classic, which continues to trade actively despite significant security breaches.

福布斯报告还强调了这些区块链项目中的治理和财务问责问题。与在监管监督和对股东承担义务的传统公司不同，僵尸区块链通常缺乏这样的机制。缺乏监督使得评估其生存能力或财务健康状况的努力变得复杂，正如以太坊经典这样的案例所示，尽管存在重大安全漏洞，但以太坊经典仍继续活跃交易。

The emergence of zombie blockchains poses challenges to the growth and maturity of the cryptocurrency ecosystem. It undermines the credibility of the industry and discourages genuine innovation by diverting resources away from projects with real-world applications. Regulators and policymakers are beginning to take notice, and it is likely that the issue of zombie blockchains will come under increasing scrutiny in the future.

僵尸区块链的出现对加密货币生态系统的成长和成熟提出了挑战。它通过将资源从具有实际应用的项目上转移出来，损害了行业的可信度并阻碍了真正的创新。监管机构和政策制定者已经开始注意到，僵尸区块链问题未来可能会受到越来越严格的审查。

In conclusion, zombie blockchains represent a persistent phenomenon in the cryptocurrency landscape, raising concerns about the underlying foundations of the industry. Their lack of utility, speculative nature, and governance issues highlight the need for a more rigorous approach to assessing the value and viability of blockchain projects. As the cryptocurrency ecosystem evolves, it is crucial to separate hype from substance and encourage the development of projects that contribute tangible value to the world.

总之，僵尸区块链代表了加密货币领域的一种持续现象，引发了人们对该行业底层基础的担忧。它们缺乏实用性、投机性和治理问题突出表明需要采取更严格的方法来评估区块链项目的价值和可行性。随着加密货币生态系统的发展，将炒作与实质分开并鼓励开发为世界贡献有形价值的项目至关重要。