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对于他的追随者来说,罗杰·维尔被称为“比特币耶稣”,他是一位富有魅力的加密货币倡导者,以破纪录的收益再次吸引了投资者。
Roger Ver, a prominent early crypto investor and advocate, is facing a new kind of legal battle: US prosecutors charged him with evading more than $48 million in taxes for selling $240 million in tokens.
Roger Ver 是一位著名的早期加密货币投资者和倡导者,他正面临着一场新的法律斗争:美国检察官指控他因出售 2.4 亿美元的代币而逃税超过 4800 万美元。
The case, filed this year, is the first to focus solely on tax fraud and digital-asset sales. Prosecutors typically tack on tax charges to crypto cases for crimes like money laundering, ransomware attacks and investor scams.
该案件于今年提起,是第一起专门针对税务欺诈和数字资产销售的案件。检察官通常会对洗钱、勒索软件攻击和投资者诈骗等加密货币案件追加税收指控。
Ver, 45, is awaiting a Spanish judge’s decision on whether he must be extradited to America after his April arrest in Barcelona while attending a crypto conference. The US expatriate spent a month in jail before getting out on bail and moving to Mallorca. An outspoken critic of the US government, he said he’s being persecuted by prosecutors.
45 岁的 Ver 于 4 月份在巴塞罗那参加加密货币会议时被捕,目前正在等待西班牙法官就他是否必须被引渡到美国做出决定。这名美国侨民在监狱里待了一个月,然后获得保释并搬到马略卡岛。作为美国政府的直言不讳的批评者,他表示自己正在受到检察官的迫害。
“They don’t like me, and they don’t like my political views, and they just came at me every which way,” Ver told Bloomberg News in an exclusive interview in late October.
“他们不喜欢我,也不喜欢我的政治观点,他们只是从各个方面来攻击我,”维尔在 10 月底的一次独家采访中告诉彭博新闻社。
Ver said the Justice Department has ignored evidence that helps his defense and refutes a central premise by prosecutors – that he intended to cheat the IRS. Rather, he said, he relied on professionals who advised him when IRS policy on taxing crypto sales was unsettled.
维尔表示,司法部忽视了有助于他辩护的证据,并驳斥了检察官的一个核心前提——他打算欺骗美国国税局。相反,他说,当美国国税局对加密货币销售征税的政策尚未确定时,他依赖专业人士为他提供建议。
“I instructed all my tax attorneys and preparers, ‘We need to do everything perfectly because I don’t want any problem with the IRS at all,”’ Ver said. “That was their instructions the whole time.”
“我指示所有税务律师和报税员,‘我们需要完美地完成每件事,因为我根本不想与国税局发生任何问题,’”维尔说。 “这一直是他们的指示。”
A Justice Department representative declined to comment.
司法部代表拒绝置评。
The seeds of Ver’s legal peril lay in his success as an early crypto investor — long before the latest Bitcoin rally fueled by Donald Trump’s US presidential win. They center on his representations to the IRS and the agency’s reconstruction of his holdings.
Ver 法律风险的根源在于他作为早期加密货币投资者的成功——早在唐纳德·特朗普赢得美国总统推动的最新比特币上涨之前。他们的重点是他向美国国税局的陈述以及该机构对其资产的重建。
Ver grew up in Silicon Valley, founding a computer company called MemoryDealers at the precocious age of 19. He also engaged in tax protests and ran for California’s legislature at 21 as a libertarian.
Ver 在硅谷长大,在 19 岁时早熟地创立了一家名为 MemoryDealers 的计算机公司。他还参与了税收抗议活动,并在 21 岁时以自由主义者的身份竞选加州立法机构议员。
In 2001, he pleaded guilty to dealing explosives without a license. (Ver says he simply sold firecrackers on eBay.) He served 10 months in prison, which hardened his attitude toward the US government. He left America in 2006, moving to Japan. He focused on building MemoryDealers and another firm, Agilestar, which sold optical transceivers.
2001年,他承认无照经营爆炸物罪。 (Ver 说他只是在 eBay 上卖鞭炮。)他在监狱里服刑 10 个月,这使他对美国政府的态度变得更强硬。他于2006年离开美国,移居日本。他专注于建立 MemoryDealers 和另一家销售光收发器的公司 Agilestar。
When crypto began, he embraced its promise for transferring wealth without government interference. He started buying Bitcoin in 2011 for less than $1, touting it at barbecues, parties, and everywhere else. Intense and fast talking, he spread the vision of using crypto to buy a sandwich or even a car. When Bitcoin hit it big, Ver touted its potential from conference stages.
当加密货币开始出现时,他欣然接受了其在没有政府干预的情况下转移财富的承诺。他从 2011 年开始以不到 1 美元的价格购买比特币,并在烧烤、聚会和其他地方兜售比特币。他的谈话激烈而快速,传播了使用加密货币购买三明治甚至汽车的愿景。当比特币大受欢迎时,Ver 在会议舞台上宣传了它的潜力。
He co-founded Blockchain.com, a crypto company once valued at $14 billion, and was an early investor in payment processor BitPay and digital-asset firm Ripple. When the Bitcoin network underwent a software upgrade he opposed in 2017, Ver broke with the community, switching to a split-off called Bitcoin Cash. He said his current holdings include Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ether and Zeno.
他是 Blockchain.com 的联合创始人,这是一家估值曾高达 140 亿美元的加密货币公司,也是支付处理商 BitPay 和数字资产公司 Ripple 的早期投资者。 2017 年,当比特币网络进行了他反对的软件升级时,Ver 与社区决裂,转而使用名为比特币现金的分拆方案。他表示,他目前持有的资产包括比特币、比特币现金、以太币和芝诺。
Despite his notoriety, Ver decided in 2014 to renounce his US citizenship, later becoming a citizen of St. Kitts and Nevis. US citizens who expatriate and are worth more than $2 million must report their worldwide assets to the IRS, and pay an exit tax based on their asset sales.
尽管声名狼藉,维尔还是于 2014 年决定放弃美国公民身份,后来成为圣基茨和尼维斯公民。移居海外且身价超过 200 万美元的美国公民必须向 IRS 报告其全球资产,并根据其资产出售情况缴纳出境税。
As he planned to expatriate, prosecutors allege, Ver hid the number and value of Bitcoin he owned and controlled personally and through MemoryDealers and Agilestar, his California-based companies.
检察官称,当他计划移居国外时,Ver 隐瞒了他个人以及通过位于加州的公司 MemoryDealers 和 Agilestar 拥有和控制的比特币的数量和价值。
The IRS used blockchain analysis to determine that by early 2014, Ver and his companies owned about 131,000 Bitcoin trading between $782 and $960, according to the indictment — more than he reported in tax filings. He’s accused of tax evasion, wire fraud, and filing a false tax return.
根据起诉书,美国国税局利用区块链分析确定,到 2014 年初,Ver 和他的公司拥有约 131,000 枚比特币,交易价格在 782 美元至 960 美元之间——比他在税务申报中报告的还要多。他被指控逃税、电汇欺诈和提交虚假纳税申报表。
Ver worked with a law firm and appraisers on the exit tax, but gave them false or misleading information about his Bitcoin holdings, and an exit tax return filed in 2016 failed to report the Bitcoin he owned personally and underreported the value of his companies, prosecutors charge.
检察官表示,Ver 与一家律师事务所和评估师就退出税事宜进行了合作,但向他们提供了有关其持有的比特币的虚假或误导性信息,而 2016 年提交的退出纳税申报表未能报告他个人拥有的比特币,并少报了其公司的价值收费。
The indictment also alleges Ver “fraudulently misrepresented and concealed” from the IRS the crypto that his companies sold in 2017 for about $240 million.
起诉书还指控 Ver 向国税局“欺诈性地歪曲和隐瞒”其公司在 2017 年以约 2.4 亿美元的价格出售的加密货币。
Ver disputes this characterization, but declined to discuss the indictment further or elaborate on his crypto holdings with Bloomberg.
Ver 对这种描述提出异议,但拒绝进一步讨论起诉书或与彭博社详细说明他持有的加密货币。
A website, freerogernow.org, is linked to Ver’s personal website and encourages supporters to sign an open letter calling on the US government to end his “unjust
一个网站 freerogernow.org 链接到 Ver 的个人网站,并鼓励支持者签署一封公开信,呼吁美国政府结束他的“不公正行为”。
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