量子计算军备竞赛正在升温，风险很高

研究人员告诉《商业内幕》，我们不仅要关注针对个别加密货币的黑客攻击，还要关注针对我们整个金融系统的黑客攻击。

As Donald Trump prepares to take office, he seems to be embracing the "crypto president" persona. He's launching his own meme coin and considering a federal reserve for bitcoin. And with cryptocurrencies like bitcoin hitting six figures, many view them as a way to hedge against inflation or tackle the national debt.

随着唐纳德·特朗普准备就职，他似乎正在拥抱“加密货币总统”的形象。他正在推出自己的模因币，并考虑建立比特币联邦储备。随着比特币等加密货币的价格达到六位数，许多人将其视为对冲通胀或解决国家债务的一种方式。

But here's the catch: Quantum computing could threaten that security. Researchers told Business Insider that we could be looking at hacks not just on individual cryptocurrencies but on our entire financial system. Arthur Herman, a big name in the quantum field, said this tech could break our current encryption methods, which is a scary thought.

但问题是：量子计算可能会威胁到这种安全。研究人员告诉《商业内幕》，我们不仅要关注针对个别加密货币的黑客攻击，还要关注针对我们整个金融系统的黑客攻击。量子领域的知名人士阿瑟·赫尔曼（Arthur Herman）表示，这项技术可能会打破我们当前的加密方法，这是一个可怕的想法。

So, what is quantum computing? It's a blend of computer science, math, and quantum mechanics that can solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers. Instead of using regular bits (0s and 1s), it uses qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously. This allows them to tackle equations with numerous solutions at incredible speeds.

那么，什么是量子计算？它融合了计算机科学、数学和量子力学，可以比传统计算机更快地解决复杂问题。它不使用常规位（0 和 1），而是使用量子位，量子位可以同时存在于多种状态。这使得他们能够以令人难以置信的速度解决具有大量解的方程。

But qubits are finicky. They're unstable and behave differently when you try to measure them, requiring special conditions to function properly, which makes scaling up the technology challenging. However, researchers believe that once mastered, quantum computers could aid in everything from drug discovery to breaking encryption.

但量子位很挑剔。当您尝试测量它们时，它们不稳定且表现不同，需要特殊条件才能正常工作，这使得扩大技术规模具有挑战性。然而，研究人员相信，一旦掌握了量子计算机，它可以在从药物发现到破解加密等各个方面提供帮助。

Just last month, Google unveiled a new quantum chip called Willow, which is a game-changer. It can perform a task that would take the fastest supercomputers 10 septillion years to complete in less than five minutes! That's mind-boggling.

就在上个月，谷歌推出了一款名为 Willow 的新型量子芯片，它改变了游戏规则。它可以在不到五分钟的时间内完成最快的超级计算机需要 10 亿年才能完成的任务！这真是令人难以置信。

Other companies like IBM and Microsoft are also in the race, and even countries like France, Russia, and China are developing their own quantum technologies. Karl Holmqvist, a quantum security adviser, said that while we're not yet at the stage of fully functional quantum computers, the potential risks are becoming clearer.

IBM 和微软等其他公司也参与了竞争，甚至法国、俄罗斯和中国等国家也在开发自己的量子技术。量子安全顾问 Karl Holmqvist 表示，虽然我们还没有达到功能齐全的量子计算机阶段，但潜在的风险正变得越来越明显。

He pointed out that our current encryption methods, particularly public key cryptography, could be vulnerable. This means that personal data, national security secrets, and even blockchain information could be accessed and manipulated by anyone with a quantum computer.

他指出，我们当前的加密方法，特别是公钥加密技术，可能容易受到攻击。这意味着任何拥有量子计算机的人都可以访问和操纵个人数据、国家安全机密，甚至区块链信息。

Herman added that a quantum hack could be stealthy, allowing bad actors to wreak havoc without being detected. Unlike traditional hackers who must breach one system at a time, a quantum hacker could crack multiple systems simultaneously.

赫尔曼补充说，量子黑客可能是隐秘的，允许坏人在不被发现的情况下造成严重破坏。与必须一次破解一个系统的传统黑客不同，量子黑客可以同时破解多个系统。

He likened the race for reliable quantum computing to the nuclear arms race but felt that officials weren't treating it with enough urgency. He believes being the first to develop a quantum computer would be a powerful deterrent against threats from nations like Russia and China. It's an exciting and nerve-wracking time for technology, and we'll have to watch closely how this unfolds.

他将可靠量子计算的竞赛比作核军备竞赛，但认为官员们没有足够紧迫地对待它。他认为，成为第一个开发量子计算机的国家将有力地威慑来自俄罗斯和中国等国家的威胁。对于技术来说，这是一个令人兴奋又令人伤脑筋的时代，我们必须密切关注它如何发展。