协议：Hyperliquid Criticism、Starkware Appchains、Arbitrum-a-lotte、Avalanche Upgrade

本文发表在最新一期《协议》中，这是我们的每周时事通讯，一次一个区块地探索加密背后的技术。

Welcome to The Protocol, CoinDesk's weekly wrap-up of the most important stories in cryptocurrency tech development. I'm Ben Schiller, CoinDesk’s Opinion and features editor.

欢迎来到《协议》，这是 CoinDesk 每周对加密货币技术发展中最重要故事的总结。我是 Ben Schiller，CoinDesk 的意见和专题编辑。

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This article is featured in the latest issue of The Protocol, our weekly newsletter exploring the tech behind crypto, one block at a time. Sign up here to get it in your inbox every Wednesday.

本文发表在最新一期《协议》中，这是我们的每周时事通讯，一次一个区块地探索加密背后的技术。在此注册，每周三将其发送到您的收件箱。

Network news

网络新闻

HyperLiquid, a major up-and-comer in the world of decentralized finance, came under fire this week over claims that the network is overly centralized and difficult to work with.

HyperLiquid 是去中心化金融领域的后起之秀，本周因其网络过于集中且难以使用而受到批评。

HyperLiquid is best known for its flagship decentralized exchange and it recently launched a layer-1 blockchain — all bids by the startup to, according to its flashy web copy, eventually "house all finance."

HyperLiquid 以其旗舰去中心化交易所而闻名，它最近推出了第 1 层区块链——根据其华而不实的网络副本，这家初创公司的所有出价最终都是为了“容纳所有金融”。

Despite earning plaudits for its fast and easy-to-use exchange interface, HyperLiquid has been criticized for, among other things, operating a closed-source codebase. According to a widely-shared X thread from Kam Benbrik, an employee at the validator firm Chorus One, the validators powering HyperLiquid are mostly blind to how the chain works under the hood, making it difficult for them to operate the hardware that's supposed to run the chain.

尽管 HyperLiquid 因其快速且易于使用的交换界面而赢得赞誉，但它也因运行封闭源代码库等问题而受到批评。根据验证者公司 Chorus One 员工 Kam Benbrik 的一条广为流传的 X 帖子，为 HyperLiquid 提供支持的验证者大多不了解该链在幕后的工作原理，这使得他们很难操作本应运行的硬件链条。

Benbrik also raised concerns that HyperLiquid's highly concentrated token supply — and its process for admitting validators to its L1 chain — make the chain centralized and vulnerable to failures.

Benbrik 还担心 HyperLiquid 高度集中的代币供应及其允许验证者加入其 L1 链的流程使得该链变得中心化且容易出现故障。

"Hyperliquid must improve transparency, decentralize staking, implement a fair validator selection process, and engage more with external validators," Benbrik wrote.

Benbrik 写道：“Hyperliquid 必须提高透明度，分散质押，实施公平的验证者选择流程，并更多地与外部验证者合作。”

The complaints come on the heels of a flurry of positive media attention for HyperLiquid following November's massively successful HYPE airdrop. It hasn't all been smooth sailing for the startup, however, with scrutiny arising in December following reports of potential North Korean activity on the network — interpreted by some as a sign that the regime well-known for its crypto-hacking efforts might have HyperLiquid in its crosshairs.

继 11 月 HYPE 空投大获成功之后，媒体对 HyperLiquid 进行了一系列积极的关注，随后出现了这些投诉。然而，这家初创公司的发展之路并非一帆风顺，去年 12 月，有报道称朝鲜可能在该网络上进行活动，引发了密切关注——一些人将其解读为，这个以加密货币黑客活动闻名的政权可能会采取行动。 HyperLiquid 处于十字准线中。

HyperLiquid has batted away the North Korean security concerns, and it recently addressed the centralization and closed-source critiques in an X thread, stating that the criticisms largely stemmed from "misconceptions" about its tech. Read more.

HyperLiquid 消除了朝鲜的安全担忧，最近在 X 线程中解决了集中化和闭源批评，并表示这些批评很大程度上源于对其技术的“误解”。阅读更多。

Starknet, the layer-2 blockchain on Ethereum known for its embrace of zero-knowledge (ZK) cryptography, is adding appchains.

Starknet 是以太坊上的第 2 层区块链，以其采用零知识 (ZK) 密码学而闻名，正在添加应用程序链。

StarkWare, the primary developer of Starknet, told CoinDesk that its "SN Stack" will let developers easily build blockchains tailored to specific crypto use cases. Appchains have become a hot topic in the L2 space as a way to scale Ethereum and onboard new users, and Starknet is now joining the likes of Polygon and Scroll in offering the technology.

Starknet 的主要开发人员 StarkWare 告诉 CoinDesk，其“SN Stack”将让开发人员轻松构建适合特定加密用例的区块链。作为扩展以太坊和吸引新用户的一种方式，应用链已成为 L2 领域的热门话题，Starknet 现在正加入 Polygon 和 Scroll 等公司的行列，提供该技术。

Starknet launched its mainnet in November 2023 following years of anticipation, and it has quickly become one of the most popular L2s on the market. The network is known for its ZK technology, which allows it to process transactions much faster and cheaper than Ethereum.

经过多年的期待，Starknet 于 2023 年 11 月推出了主网，并迅速成为市场上最受欢迎的 L2 之一。该网络以其 ZK 技术而闻名，该技术使其能够比以太坊更快、更便宜地处理交易。

With the addition of appchains, Starknet is now positioning itself as a multi-chain platform. Developers will be able to use Starknet's technology to create their own blockchains, which can be customized for specific applications.

随着应用链的加入，Starknet 现在将自己定位为一个多链平台。开发人员将能够使用 Starknet 的技术创建自己的区块链，并可以针对特定应用程序进行定制。

For example, a developer could use Starknet to create a blockchain for a decentralized game, a social media platform, or a supply chain management system. Each appchain would have its own unique rules and governance structure, and it would be able to interoperate with other Starknet appchains.

例如，开发人员可以使用 Starknet 为去中心化游戏、社交媒体平台或供应链管理系统创建区块链。每个应用链都有自己独特的规则和治理结构，并且能够与其他 Starknet 应用链互操作。

StarkWare said the SN Stack will be released in stages throughout 2024, starting with a closed beta in Q1. The full launch is expected in Q4 2024. Read more

StarkWare 表示，SN Stack 将在 2024 年分阶段发布，从第一季度的封闭测试版开始。预计将于 2024 年第四季度全面推出。了解更多

The largest layer-2 network on Ethereum, Arbitrum, is planning to deepen ties with Lotte Group, the multibillion-dollar South Korean conglomerate known for its vast portfolio of shopping malls, media companies and entertainment properties.

以太坊上最大的第 2 层网络 Arbitrum 正计划加深与乐天集团的联系，乐天集团是一家价值数十亿美元的韩国企业集团，以其庞大的购物中心、媒体公司和娱乐资产而闻名。

Offchain Labs, the developer behind Arbitrum, and the Arbitrum Foundation, the non-profit that stewards the project's development, told CoinDesk a financial deal is in the works that would cement Arbitrum as the main blockchain infrastructure provider for "Caliverse," Lotte's metaverse gaming platform.

Arbitrum 背后的开发商 Offchain Labs 和负责该项目开发的非营利组织 Arbitrum 基金会告诉 CoinDesk，一项财务交易正在进行中，这将巩固 Arbitrum 作为乐天元宇宙游戏“Caliverse”主要区块链基础设施提供商的地位平台。

The move comes as Arbitrum is preparing to launch its native token, which is expected to generate a windfall for early users of the network. Arbitrum is also facing increasing competition from other L2s, such as Optimism and Starknet.

此举正值 Arbitrum 准备推出其原生代币，预计将为该网络的早期用户带来意外之财。 Arbitrum 还面临着来自其他 L2 的日益激烈的竞争，例如 Optimism 和 Starknet。

Lotte, founded in 1948, is one of the largest companies in South Korea and has a presence in a wide range of industries, including retail, food, beverages, chemicals, entertainment and financial services.

乐天成立于 1948 年，是韩国最大的公司之一，业务涉及零售、食品、饮料、化学品、娱乐和金融服务等多个行业。

The company launched Caliverse in 2022 as a metaverse platform that combines gaming, social networking and e-commerce. Caliverse currently has a native token called CALI, which is used to reward players and purchase items

该公司于 2022 年推出了 Caliverse，作为一个集游戏、社交网络和电子商务于一体的元宇宙平台。 Caliverse 目前有一个名为 CALI 的原生代币，用于奖励玩家和购买物品