北美区块链协会 (NABA) 成立，旨在向美国联邦政府提供一致的加密货币政策建议

美国八个州的区块链协会周二宣布成立北美区块链协会（NABA）

Members of eight U.S. state blockchain associations announced Tuesday the formation of the North American Blockchain Association (NABA), an organization aiming to provide cohesive crypto policy recommendations to the federal government.

美国八个州区块链协会的成员周二宣布成立北美区块链协会（NABA），该组织旨在向联邦政府提供一致的加密货币政策建议。

The associations involved in NABA include the Texas Blockchain Council (TBC), the Alabama Blockchain Alliance, the California Blockchain Advocacy Coalition, the Florida Blockchain Business Association, the Ohio Blockchain Council, the Pennsylvania Blockchain Coalition, the Virginia Blockchain Council and the Washington Technology Industry Association Cascadia Blockchain Council.

参与 NABA 的协会包括德克萨斯州区块链委员会（TBC）、阿拉巴马州区块链联盟、加州区块链倡导联盟、佛罗里达州区块链商业协会、俄亥俄州区块链委员会、宾夕法尼亚州区块链联盟、弗吉尼亚州区块链委员会和华盛顿科技行业卡斯卡迪亚协会区块链理事会。

Each state association is independent and retains agency but can act in concert with other states when necessary, said Lee Bratcher, president of the TBC and a member of NABA’s board of directors.

TBC 主席兼 NABA 董事会成员 Lee Bratcher 表示，每个州协会都是独立的，保留代理权，但在必要时可以与其他州协调行动。

“A few years ago [NABA CEO] Arry Yu and I led an effort to provide more information and best practices sharing between state associations,” Bratcher told CoinDesk in an interview. “NABA is the formalization of that process.”

布拉彻在接受 CoinDesk 采访时表示：“几年前，[NABA 首席执行官]Ary Yu 和我领导了一项努力，在各州协会之间提供更多信息和最佳实践共享。” “NABA 是这个过程的正式化。”

Members of the Texas Blockchain Council, a non-profit trade association, include large corporations such as Coinbase (COIN) and Galaxy Digital Holdings (GLXY), as well as law firms and banks, who pay annual fees to be part of the association. More than half of the TBC's funding comes from bitcoin (BTC) miners.

德克萨斯州区块链委员会是一个非营利性贸易协会，成员包括 Coinbase (COIN) 和 Galaxy Digital Holdings (GLXY) 等大公司，以及律师事务所和银行，他们需要缴纳年费才能成为该协会的成员。 TBC 一半以上的资金来自比特币（BTC）矿工。

Among the association's biggest financial contributors are MARA Holdings (MARA), Riot Platforms (RIOT), Core Scientific (CORZ), Bitmain and Cipher Mining (CIFR).

该协会最大的财务捐助者包括 MARA Holdings (MARA)、Riot Platforms (RIOT)、Core Scientific (CORZ)、Bitmain 和 Cipher Mining (CIFR)。

The incoming Trump administration isn't likely to affect the TBC or Texas miners in a meaningful way, Bratcher said. That, in a sense, will already be a departure from the Biden regime, which contemplated passing a 30% tax, called DAME, specifically on bitcoin miners. The Department of Energy similarly attempted to collect proprietary and confidential information from bitcoin miners and make that data available publicly, which led the TBC and Riot Platforms to sue them in federal court.

布拉彻表示，即将上任的特朗普政府不太可能对 TBC 或德克萨斯州的矿工产生有意义的影响。从某种意义上说，这已经背离了拜登政权，拜登政权曾考​​虑通过一项名为 DAME 的 30% 税，专门针对比特币矿工。能源部同样试图从比特币矿工那里收集专有和机密信息，并将这些数据公开，这导致 TBC 和 Riot Platforms 在联邦法院起诉他们。

“The only thing the bitcoin mining industry is asking from the Trump administration is to keep things fair and consistent and apply the rules the same for everybody,” Bratcher said. “We feel optimistic that some of the things that were unfair about the Biden administration will no longer happen.”

布拉彻说：“比特币采矿业对特朗普政府的唯一要求就是保持公平和一致，并对每个人适用相同的规则。” “我们乐观地认为，一些对拜登政府不公平的事情将不再发生。”

Bitcoin Mining in the Lone Star State

孤星州的比特币开采

Texas has become one of the most popular jurisdictions in the world for bitcoin miners, thanks to its advantageous tax regime, enormous economy and abundant energy.

得益于其有利的税收制度、庞大的经济和丰富的能源，德克萨斯州已成为世界上最受比特币矿工欢迎的司法管辖区之一。

The state is also home to a tremendous amount of renewable energy projects, which may generate a lot of electricity when there’s little demand for it — think a wind farm on a windy night, for example, when everyone is asleep, and consumption is at its lowest. For the most part, electricity must be consumed immediately; transmitting that electricity from one place to another is also tricky since energy is lost in the process. In other words, Texas undergoes periods of great electricity generation and small demand and periods of great demand but insufficient production.

该州还拥有大量可再生能源项目，当需求很少时，这些项目可能会产生大量电力——例如，在有风的夜晚，当每个人都在睡觉、电力消耗处于最佳状态时，想象一下风电场。最低。大多数情况下，电力必须立即消耗；将电力从一个地方传输到另一个地方也很棘手，因为在此过程中会损失能量。换句话说，德克萨斯州经历了发电量大、需求少的时期和需求大但生产不足的时期。

Why has Texas’ energy mix evolved in such a way? It all has to do with subsidies provided by the federal government, which according to Bratcher can reach $30 per MW/h and give a strong incentive for renewable energy companies to develop wind and solar power.

为什么德克萨斯州的能源结构会发生这样的演变？这一切都与联邦政府提供的补贴有关，据布拉彻称，补贴可达每兆瓦/小时 30 美元，为可再生能源公司开发风能和太阳能提供了强有力的激励。

Wind farms have been built in the wind corridor of West Texas; more recently, the number of solar projects has exploded — from about 2,000 megawatts (MW) to 22,000 MW statewide in a matter of five years, Bratcher said.

德克萨斯州西部风走廊已建成风电场； Bratcher 表示，最近，太阳能项目的数量呈爆炸式增长——在五年内，全州范围从约 2,000 兆瓦 (MW) 增加到 22,000 兆瓦。

Enter bitcoin mining. Contrary to other types of data centers, which need almost 100% uptime, bitcoin mines can be turned on and off easily. So they are well-adapted to a grid that sees significant volatility in demand.

进入比特币挖矿。与其他类型的数据中心需要几乎 100% 的正常运行时间相反，比特币矿场可以轻松打开和关闭。因此，它们很好地适应了需求大幅波动的电网。

“You had a period where miners were able to get wholesale power prices and lock in power purchase agreements for extremely low amounts of money,” Bratcher said.

布拉彻说：“有一段时间，矿商能够以极低的价格获得批发电价并锁定购电协议。”

Bitcoin miners now consume about 3,100 MW in Texas, according to Bratcher — enough energy to supply 620,000 homes, per data from the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), the state's grid operator. “About half of all bitcoin mining in the U.S. is in Texas,” Bratcher said.

根据 Bratcher 的说法，比特币矿商目前在德克萨斯州消耗了约 3,100 兆瓦的电力，根据该州电网运营商德克萨斯州电力可靠性委员会 (ERCOT) 的数据，这些能源足以供应 620,000 个家庭。 “美国大约一半的比特币开采都在德克萨斯州，”布拉彻说。

That explains why the TBC receives such a big portion of its funding from bitcoin miners. In fact, the TBC has hired a number of consultants with a specific focus on ERCOT and energy policy, whereas other types of businesses — crypto exchanges, money transmission — haven’t had the same need.

这就解释了为什么 TBC 的大部分资金来自比特币矿工。事实上，TBC 已经聘请了一些专门关注 ERCOT 和能源政策的顾问，而其他类型的企业（加密货币交易所、货币传输）则没有同样的需求。

Will Texas Remain Friendly to Bitcoin Miners?

德克萨斯州会对比特币矿工保持友好吗？

Whether Texas will continue to be as friendly towards bitcoin miners in the years to come remains to be seen, Bratcher said. Mining firms aren’t the only ones that have rushed to take advantage of Texas’ unique grid, and there is now concern among elected officials that demand might end up being too high.

布拉彻表示，德克萨斯州在未来几年是否会继续对比特币矿工保持友好还有待观察。矿业公司并不是唯一急于利用德克萨斯州独特电网的公司，现在民选官员担心需求最终可能会过高。

The TBC estimates that the grid will grow somewhere between 5% and 6% per year for the next 10 years —

TBC 预计未来 10 年电网将以每年 5% 到 6% 的速度增长 —