（新闻） - 加密货币交易可能感觉就像是野外西部，但到来的税收季节，IRS仍然适用。

美国国税局将像比特币这样的加密货币视为财产，类似于股票，债券或黄金。这意味着，如果您在这一年中出售加密货币，则需要将其报告为资本收益或损失。

Cryptocurrency trading might feel like the Wild West for much of the year, but come tax season, several IRS rules still apply.

加密货币交易可能在一年中的大部分时间里感觉就像是野外西部地区，但是到了税收季节，IRS的规定仍然适用。

The IRS treats cryptocurrencies like bitcoin as property, similar to stocks, bonds or gold. That means if you sold crypto during the year, you'll need to report it on your tax return as a capital gain or loss.

美国国税局将像比特币这样的加密货币视为财产，类似于股票，债券或黄金。这意味着，如果您在这一年中出售加密货币，则需要将其报告为资本收益或损失。

Depending on how long you held the crypto before selling, you'll owe short-term or long-term capital gains tax on any profit. If you're just holding crypto, and don't sell it, you won't owe taxes on unrealized gains.

根据您在销售之前持有加密货币的时间，您将对任何利润缴纳短期或长期资本利得税。如果您只是持有加密货币，并且不要出售它，那么您就不会对未实现的收益征税。

However, capital gains tax isn't the only thing to consider, as crypto transactions can also trigger ordinary income tax if you receive crypto as payment for work.

但是，资本利得税并不是唯一要考虑的事情，因为如果您收到加密货币作为工作付款，加密交易也会触发普通所得税。

Here's what to know about cryptocurrency and your taxes.

这是有关加密货币和您的税收的知识。

Do I have to pay taxes on crypto?

我必须在加密货币上缴税吗？

Maybe. It all depends on how you used your crypto. Certain transactions trigger taxable events, while others don't.

或许。这完全取决于您如何使用加密货币。某些交易触发应税事件，而其他交易则没有。

If you sold crypto, any gains or losses will typically impact your taxes, just like other investments taxed by the IRS. Spending crypto, like using bitcoin to buy a car, also creates a taxable event.

如果您出售了加密货币，那么任何损益通常都会影响您的税款，就像国税局征税一样。花加密货币（例如使用比特币购买汽车）也会产生应税活动。

On the other hand, simply buying crypto with cash and holding it in a wallet isn't taxable. Neither is transferring crypto between wallets you own.

另一方面，简单地用现金购买加密货币并将其放在钱包里不应征税。在您拥有的钱包之间都不将加密货币转移。

Here are a few examples of what is and isn't taxable, according to Coinbase, the largest U.S.-based crypto exchange:

根据美国最大的加密货币交易所Coinbase的说法，以下是什么是和不应纳税的例子：

Not taxable

不应税

Taxable

应税

How is crypto taxed?

加密货币如何征税？

Crypto can be taxed as capital gains or ordinary income. It depends on how you acquired it and how long you held onto it.

加密可以作为资本收益或普通收入征税。这取决于您如何获得它以及您持续了多长时间。

Taxed as capital gains

征税作为资本收益

Let's say you buy bitcoin. It goes up in value, then you sell it for a profit. You have to pay capital gains tax on the money you make, just like you would selling a stock for a profit.

假设您购买比特币。它的价值上升，然后出售它以获利。您必须对赚钱的资金缴纳资本利得税，就像您将出售股票以获利一样。

It's worth noting: Capital gains tax on cryptocurrency applies even if you don't convert it to dollars.

值得注意的是：即使您不将其转换为美元，对加密货币的资本利得也适用。

The tax rate depends on how long you hold it before selling. If you own cryptocurrency for a year or less, you'll pay short-term capital gains tax. If you sell your cryptocurrency after more than a year, you'll pay long-term capital gains tax, which tends to be a better rate.

税率取决于您在出售之前持有的时间。如果您拥有一年或更短的加密货币，则将缴纳短期资本利得税。如果您在一年多以后出售加密货币，那么您将缴纳长期资本利得税，这往往会更高。

If you sell your cryptocurrency for a loss, then you may be able to deduct that loss on your taxes, which could lower your overall bill.

如果您出售加密货币损失，那么您可能会扣除税收的损失，这可能会降低您的整体账单。

There are a couple of other scenarios where your cryptocurrency could be taxed as a capital gain:

在其他几种情况下，您的加密货币可以作为资本收益征税：

Taxed as income

征税为收入

In some scenarios, crypto gets taxed as income, not as a capital gain.

在某些情况下，加密货币被征税为收入，而不是资本收益。

The most obvious example is if you are paid in crypto. In that case, your crypto would be taxed as compensation according to your income tax bracket.

最明显的例子是您是否在加密货币中付款。在这种情况下，您的加密货币将根据您的所得税范围征税。

While it may not be a traditional paycheck, you are responsible for reporting any crypto income to the IRS.

虽然它可能不是传统的薪水，但您有责任向国税局报告任何加密收入。

The crypto you receive through mining is also subject to income taxes, according to Coinbase.

根据Coinbase的说法，您通过采矿收到的加密货币也应缴纳所得税。

How much will I owe in crypto taxes?

我将欠加密税多少？

If you earn crypto through your job, it will be taxed as ordinary income. The rate depends on your federal income tax bracket — the higher the income, the higher the tax rate.

如果您通过工作获得加密货币，则将征税为普通收入。利率取决于您的联邦所得税范围 - 收入越高，税率越高。

Currently, tax rates are separated into seven different brackets by income level: 10%, 12%, 22%, 24%, 32%, 35% and 37%. When your income jumps to a higher tax bracket, you don’t pay the higher rate on your entire income. Instead, you are taxed only on the part that is in the higher bracket.

目前，按收入水平分为七个不同的括号：10％，12％，22％，24％，32％，35％和37％。当您的收入跳到更高的税率时，您就不会支付更高的整个收入利率。相反，您仅在较高的括号中征税。

Your filing status also determines what rate your income gets taxed at.

您的申请状态还决定了您的收入税率。

Capital gains and losses

资本收益和损失

If you sell your crypto for more than you paid for it after less than a year, then it gets taxed as a short-term capital gain. If you sell for a profit after holding for more than a year, then it’s taxed at a lower rate as a long-term capital gain.

如果您以不到一年的价格出售加密货币的价格超过了您付出的费用，则将其作为短期资本收益征税。如果您在持有超过一年后卖出利润，那么它将以较低的利率作为长期资本收益征税。

Remember, capital gains tax only applies when you’ve sold your crypto. You won’t pay taxes on unrealized gains if the value has gone up but you haven’t sold the asset.

请记住，仅当您出售加密货币时，资本利得税才适用。如果价值上升，您不会为未实现的收益缴税，但您尚未出售资产。

TurboTax has a crypto tax calculator you can use to estimate your capital gains/losses.

TurboTax具有一个加密税计算器，您可以用来估计您的资本收益/损失。

If you received your crypto from mining, the IRS considers it taxable income at the “fair market value” on the day you received it. That fair market value is what you would use to calculate any future gains or losses when you sell it later on.

如果您从采矿中收到加密货币，IRS将在收到的当天以“公平市场价值”为应税收入。当您以后出售时，您将使用该公平的市场价值来计算未来的收益或亏损。