Layer 3：区块链扩容革命的下一个前沿

在以太坊 Dencun 升级之后，第 3 层 (L3) 解决方案已成为区块链扩展的潜在下一步。 L3 提供针对特定社区和用例（例如企业区块链应用程序或游戏）量身定制的专业生态系统。然而，他们克服天然气费用并为整体扩展工作做出贡献的能力仍然存在疑问。通过研究 L3 功能、部署示例和开发框架，本文探讨了 L3 在不断发展的以太坊生态系统中的潜在价值和局限性。

Layer 3s: The Next Frontier in Blockchain Scaling

Layer 3：区块链扩展的下一个前沿

In the wake of Ethereum's Dencun upgrade, which significantly reduced fees on most Layer 2 (L2) networks, the blockchain community is eagerly looking ahead to the next step in scaling. Layer 3 (L3) solutions have emerged as a promising contender, offering specialized environments tailored to specific communities and use cases.

以太坊的 Dencun 升级显着降低了大多数第 2 层 (L2) 网络的费用，区块链社区热切期待下一步的扩展。第 3 层 (L3) 解决方案已成为一个有前途的竞争者，提供针对特定社区和用例量身定制的专业环境。

Expanding the Blockchain Market

扩大区块链市场

L3s allow for the creation of highly customized ecosystems that cater to specific needs, broadening the reach of the blockchain market. As L2s have established themselves as hubs for various use cases (e.g., gaming, DeFi), L3s will likely follow suit by providing specialized environments that enhance the functionality of their L2 hosts.

L3 允许创建满足特定需求的高度定制的生态系统，从而扩大区块链市场的范围。随着 L2 已经成为各种用例（例如游戏、DeFi）的中心，L3 可能会效仿，提供专门的环境来增强 L2 主机的功能。

Enhanced Customization and Functionality

增强的定制和功能

L3s offer unparalleled customizability, enabling developers to augment their applications and scale them effectively through methods such as:

L3 提供无与伦比的可定制性，使开发人员能够通过以下方法增强其应用程序并有效扩展它们：

• Reduced Settlement Costs: L3s significantly reduce settlement costs, making development more economically viable.
• Arenas for Experimentation: The customizable nature of L3s fosters experimentation with new business models, virtual machines (VMs), data availability solutions, and governance models, which are often not feasible on L1 or L2 networks.
• Privacy Enhancements: L3s can be configured to provide enhanced privacy, enabling anonymous transactions or encrypted messaging services, opening up new possibilities for enterprise businesses requiring this level of confidentiality.
• New Economic Models: L3s can develop innovative economic models where tokens other than ETH can be burned for gas, potentially increasing the value of those tokens over time.

Examples of L3s in Action

降低结算成本：L3 显着降低结算成本，使开发在经济上更加可行。 实验场所：L3 的可定制性质促进了新业务模型、虚拟机 (VM)、数据可用性解决方案和治理模型的实验，而这些通常是不可行的。在 L1 或 L2 网络上可行。隐私增强：L3 可以配置为提供增强的隐私，实现匿名交易或加密消息服务，为需要这种保密级别的企业业务开辟新的可能性。新经济模型：L3 可以开发创新的经济模型除了 ETH 之外，其他代币都可以燃烧以获取 Gas，随着时间的推移，这些代币的价值可能会增加。L3 的实际应用示例

Several L3 projects have already emerged, demonstrating the practical benefits of this scaling approach:

多个 L3 项目已经出现，展示了这种扩展方法的实际好处：

• Yuga's ApeChain and Azuki's AnimeChain: These L3s, deployed on Arbitrum's Orbit framework, provide tailored environments for the respective BAYC and Azuki NFT communities, offering new use cases for their tokens.
• DegenChain and Frame Chain: DegenChain offers a cost-effective L3 solution for scaling the DEGEN ecosystem, while Frame Chain provides high throughput and minimal gas costs for mini-apps deployed on Farcaster.
• Xai Network: Specifically designed for Web3 gaming, Xai Network simplifies wallet management for gamers and offers enhanced gas and contract capacities, making it an ideal platform for popular games like Crypto Unicorns.

Frameworks for Building L3s

Yuga 的 ApeChain 和 Azuki 的 AnimeChain：这些 L3 部署在 Arbitrum 的 Orbit 框架上，为各自的 BAYC 和 Azuki NFT 社区提供量身定制的环境，为其代币提供新的用例。 DegenChain 和 Frame Chain：DegenChain 提供了一种经济高效的 L3 扩展解决方案DEGEN 生态系统，而 Frame Chain 为 Farcaster 上部署的迷你应用程序提供高吞吐量和最低的 Gas 成本。 Xai Network：Xai Network 专为 Web3 游戏而设计，简化了游戏玩家的钱包管理，并提供增强的 Gas 和合约容量，使其成为理想的选择适用于 Crypto Unicorns 等流行游戏的平台。构建 L3 的框架

The development of L3s has been facilitated by the emergence of standardized frameworks that simplify the process of deployment. Three leading solutions include:

简化部署过程的标准化框架的出现促进了 L3 的发展。三个领先的解决方案包括：

• Arbitrum Orbits: Allows anyone to create highly customized Layer 3 blockchains, offering unparalleled scalability and ease of deployment.
• OP Stack: Provides a toolkit for building faster and cheaper Ethereum-compatible blockchains, ensuring interoperability with other OP Stack-based chains.
• Starknet: Offers a highly customizable, cost-efficient, and fast solution, featuring a specialized language (Cairo) and sequencer (Madara) for enhanced performance and efficiency.

Critiques and Future Considerations

Arbitrum Orbits：允许任何人创建高度定制的第 3 层区块链，提供无与伦比的可扩展性和易于部署性。OP Stack：提供用于构建更快、更便宜的以太坊兼容区块链的工具包，确保与其他基于 OP Stack 的链的互操作性。Starknet：提供高度可定制、经济高效且快速的解决方案，具有专用语言 (Cairo) 和排序器 (Madara)，可提高性能和效率。批评和未来考虑

While L3s have gained significant traction, they are not without their critics. Some argue that they do not inherently increase transaction throughput beyond the capabilities of L2s. Others express concerns about potential dilution of Ethereum's value or increased centralization.

虽然 L3 获得了巨大的关注，但也并非没有批评者。一些人认为，它们本身并不会增加超出 L2 能力的事务吞吐量。其他人则对以太坊价值可能被稀释或中心化程度增加表示担忧。

Despite these criticisms, the strategic importance of L3s in shaping the future of blockchain scalability cannot be ignored. While they may not represent the long-term solution to scaling, they offer a viable path to enhanced accessibility, diversity, and scalability in the present.

尽管存在这些批评，但 L3 在塑造区块链可扩展性未来方面的战略重要性不容忽视。虽然它们可能并不代表扩展的长期解决方案，但它们提供了增强当前可访问性、多样性和可扩展性的可行途径。

As full danksharding remains years away, L3s are playing a crucial role in expanding the use cases and capabilities of the blockchain ecosystem. They are not merely a stopgap measure but a transformative force that is pushing the boundaries of blockchain technology and laying the foundation for a more accessible, interoperable, and scalable future.

由于完整的 danksharding 还需要数年时间，L3 在扩展区块链生态系统的用例和功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。它们不仅仅是权宜之计，而且是一股变革力量，正在突破区块链技术的界限，并为更易于访问、可互操作和可扩展的未来奠定基础。