法国参议院禁止比特币混合器，与即将到来的欧盟法规保持一致

参议院刚刚采用了一项修正案，禁止使用“加密资料搅拌机”。它们也被称为行话中的“共同签署”。

France is once again showing its sheer mistrust towards bitcoin. The Senate has just adopted an amendment banning the use of “crypto-asset mixers”. They are also referred to as “coinjoins” in the jargon. Mixers help to enhance the pseudonymity of bitcoins. They are very useful for protecting one’s privacy, which annoys the senators:

法国再次表现出对比特币的不信任。参议院刚刚采用了一项修正案，禁止使用“加密资料搅拌机”。它们也被称为行话中的“共同签署”。混音器有助于增强比特币的化名。它们对于保护一个人的隐私非常有用，这使参议员烦恼：

“The present amendment aims to ban the use of crypto-asset mixers that seek to obscure and render untraceable the origin of crypto-assets circulating on the blockchain. Given their characteristics, these mixers are indeed increasingly used in money laundering circuits, particularly concerning revenues from drug trafficking.”

“目前的修正案旨在禁止使用加密资料搅拌机，这些混合器试图掩盖和使其无法追踪的加密资源的起源在区块链上循环。鉴于它们的特征，这些混合器确实越来越多地用于洗钱电路中，尤其是关于贩毒的收入。”

This amendment is particularly ironic when we know that the National Assembly is currently embroiled in a drug consumption scandal. Furthermore, if we follow the same logic, let’s also ban banknotes since they all contain traces of cocaine. But then, how will our deputies get their powder?

当我们知道国民议会目前卷入毒品消费丑闻时，这项修正案尤其具有讽刺意味。此外，如果我们遵循相同的逻辑，我们也会禁止钞票，因为它们都包含可卡因的痕迹。但是，我们的代表将如何获得他们的粉末？

The Senate highlights that the amendment aims to align with EU regulations that will come into force in 2027. The Mica law voted by the centre-right European People’s Party (EPP) prohibits financial services allowing anonymous transactions.

参议院的重点是，该修正案旨在与将于2027年生效的欧盟法规保持一致。中央右欧洲人民党（EPP）投票的云母法律禁止允许匿名交易的金融服务。

The Senate's attitude is truly counterproductive. The Netherlands has just released the developer of Tornado Cash, Alexey Pertsev. Earlier in January, the federal court in Texas had annulled the sanctions imposed by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) against Tornado Cash.

参议院的态度确实适得其反。荷兰刚刚释放了龙卷风现金Alexey Pertsev的开发商。一月初，德克萨斯州的联邦法院废除了外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）对龙卷风现金的制裁。

The European Union's relentless pursuit against bitcoin is shameful. So much time wasted because of overpaid ideologues who believe they can stifle such a profound technological breakthrough.

欧盟对比特币的不懈追求是可耻的。由于意识形态过多，他们认为他们可以扼杀如此深刻的技术突破，因此浪费了很多时间。

Meanwhile, the United States is just weeks away from creating a strategic reserve of bitcoins. Not to mention leveraging miners to balance the network and support their energy providers. In contrast, we still don't know where to find the 70 billion that the next six French nuclear reactors will cost…

同时，美国距离创建战略性比特币仅几周了。更不用说利用矿工来平衡网络并支持其能源提供者。相反，我们仍然不知道在哪里可以找到接下来六个法国核反应堆的700亿美元……

The utility of mixers

搅拌机的效用

Bitcoin transactions are certainly pseudonymous, but all transactions are public. Each BTC is linked to a transaction history. It is possible to trace back to the very first block in which BTC were created.

比特币交易无疑是假名的，但所有交易都是公开的。每个BTC都链接到交易历史记录。可以追溯到创建BTC的第一个块。

[Currently, 3.125 BTC are created every block (every ten minutes) as a reward for the miners providing energy to secure the network]

[目前，每块创建3.125 BTC（每10分钟），以奖励提供能量以保护网络的能量]

Put differently, it suffices to be able to associate a transaction with an identity to know the entire history of future and upcoming transactions. Unfortunately, the fact is that obtaining bitcoins requires going through exchange platforms that force you to reveal your identity.

换句话说，能够将交易与身份相关联是足够的，以了解未来和即将进行的交易的整个历史。不幸的是，事实是，获得比特币需要浏览迫使您揭示身份的交换平台。

Thus, at a minimum, these platforms are a potential flaw. Or even your email provider! Indeed, Coinbase, Revolut, to name a few, do not hesitate to send emails containing the addresses used to withdraw BTC.

因此，至少这些平台是一个潜在的缺陷。甚至您的电子邮件提供商！的确，Coinbase，Revolut仅举几例，请随时发送包含用于提取BTC的地址的电子邮件。

Not to mention data leaks due to hacks… Imagine a data leak revealing that you have withdrawn several bitcoins to a personal wallet! The recent kidnapping case of the co-founder of Ledger should remind us that privacy can be a matter of life or death.

更不用说由于黑客而引起的数据泄漏……想象一下数据泄漏，发现您已将几个比特币撤回到个人钱包中！莱杰（Ledger）联合创始人的最近绑架案件应该提醒我们隐私可能是生死攸关的问题。

In short, since Bitcoin transactions are public, the recipient of a transaction can consult the entire transaction history of the sender and vice versa. Not all privacy is lost, thanks to mixers (coinjoin).

简而言之，由于比特币交易是公开的，因此交易的接收者可以咨询发件人的整个交易历史记录，反之亦然。多亏了混合器（CoinJoin），并非所有的隐私都丢失了。

Bitcoin coinjoin, concretely

比特币共同结合

In simple terms, a coinjoin is a mega transaction combining numerous transactions from dozens, if not hundreds, of people. This transaction will effectively shuffle the cards by creating transactions of the same amounts in output.

简而言之，共同的交易是一项巨大的交易，结合了数十个（即使不是数百人）的大量交易。这项交易将通过创建输出相同数量的交易有效地将卡片改组。

Imagine a helicopter chasing a car that suddenly enters a tunnel. And 100 identical cars emerge from the other side of the tunnel. Which one to follow?…

想象一下，一架直升机追逐突然进入隧道的汽车。 100辆相同的汽车从隧道的另一侧出现。跟随哪一个？…

This is the principle of coinjoin. The goal is to break the link between transactions to create “plausible deniability”, as the Anglo-Saxons say.

这是CoinJoin的原则。正如盎格鲁 - 撒克逊人所说，目标是打破交易之间的联系，以创建“合理的可否认性”。

Pushing your bitcoins through a coinjoin after withdrawing them from an exchange platform helps obscure the trails. The platform can no longer be certain about which addresses your BTC are on. In the event of data leaks, a malicious actor will no longer know if you still hold the BTC withdrawn from the platform.

将比特币从交换平台中撤回后，将其通过共同的币将其推动有助于掩盖步道。该平台不再确定您的BTC启用了哪些解决方案。如果发生数据泄漏，恶意演员将不再知道您是否仍将BTC从平台中撤回。

Unfortunately, the main wallets offering the coinjoin option (Trezor, Wasabi) have closed their doors due to US legal action against the developers of Samurai. However, many options remain available online, notably joinmarket.

不幸的是，由于美国针对武士开发商的法律诉讼，提供共同选择选项的主要钱包（Trezor，Wasabi）已经关闭了大门。但是，许多选项仍在网上可用，特别是连接市场。

Here’s a series of articles to understand the mechanics of a coinjoin. It’s a great way to learn more about how bitcoin works:

这是一系列文章，以了解共同的机制。这是了解更多有关比特币的工作方式的好方法：

-Bitcoin – Why should we not reuse our addresses?-Bitcoin Coinjoin – How does it work?-How Chainalysis tracks your bitcoins?–UTXO and Privacy

-bitcoin - 为什么我们不应该重复使用我们的地址？-bitcoin CoinJoin - 它如何工作？ - 链分析如何跟踪您的比特币？ - UTXO和隐私

Privacy is part of human rights. Let’s hope that the more pragmatic approach of the new American government soon spreads to the old continent. And that Christine Lagarde’s cherished CBDC project ends up in the dustbin.

隐私是人权的一部分。希望新美国政府的更务实的方法很快传播到旧大陆。克里斯汀·拉加德（Christine Lagarde）珍爱的CBDC项目最终进入了垃圾箱。