法國參議院禁止比特幣混合器，與即將到來的歐盟法規保持一致

參議院剛剛採用了一項修正案，禁止使用“加密資料攪拌機”。它們也被稱為行話中的“共同簽署”。

France is once again showing its sheer mistrust towards bitcoin. The Senate has just adopted an amendment banning the use of “crypto-asset mixers”. They are also referred to as “coinjoins” in the jargon. Mixers help to enhance the pseudonymity of bitcoins. They are very useful for protecting one’s privacy, which annoys the senators:

法國再次表現出對比特幣的不信任。參議院剛剛採用了一項修正案，禁止使用“加密資料攪拌機”。它們也被稱為行話中的“共同簽署”。混音器有助於增強比特幣的化名。它們對於保護一個人的隱私非常有用，這使參議員煩惱：

“The present amendment aims to ban the use of crypto-asset mixers that seek to obscure and render untraceable the origin of crypto-assets circulating on the blockchain. Given their characteristics, these mixers are indeed increasingly used in money laundering circuits, particularly concerning revenues from drug trafficking.”

“目前的修正案旨在禁止使用加密資料攪拌機，這些混合器試圖掩蓋和使其無法追踪的加密資源的起源在區塊鏈上循環。鑑於它們的特徵，這些混合器確實越來越多地用於洗錢電路中，尤其是關於販毒的收入。”

This amendment is particularly ironic when we know that the National Assembly is currently embroiled in a drug consumption scandal. Furthermore, if we follow the same logic, let’s also ban banknotes since they all contain traces of cocaine. But then, how will our deputies get their powder?

當我們知道國民議會目前捲入毒品消費醜聞時，這項修正案尤其具有諷刺意味。此外，如果我們遵循相同的邏輯，我們也會禁止鈔票，因為它們都包含可卡因的痕跡。但是，我們的代表將如何獲得他們的粉末？

The Senate highlights that the amendment aims to align with EU regulations that will come into force in 2027. The Mica law voted by the centre-right European People’s Party (EPP) prohibits financial services allowing anonymous transactions.

參議院的重點是，該修正案旨在與將於2027年生效的歐盟法規保持一致。中央右歐洲人民黨（EPP）投票的雲母法律禁止允許匿名交易的金融服務。

The Senate's attitude is truly counterproductive. The Netherlands has just released the developer of Tornado Cash, Alexey Pertsev. Earlier in January, the federal court in Texas had annulled the sanctions imposed by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) against Tornado Cash.

參議院的態度確實適得其反。荷蘭剛剛釋放了龍捲風現金Alexey Pertsev的開發商。一月初，德克薩斯州的聯邦法院廢除了外國資產控制辦公室（OFAC）對龍捲風現金的製裁。

The European Union's relentless pursuit against bitcoin is shameful. So much time wasted because of overpaid ideologues who believe they can stifle such a profound technological breakthrough.

歐盟對比特幣的不懈追求是可恥的。由於意識形態過多，他們認為他們可以扼殺如此深刻的技術突破，因此浪費了很多時間。

Meanwhile, the United States is just weeks away from creating a strategic reserve of bitcoins. Not to mention leveraging miners to balance the network and support their energy providers. In contrast, we still don't know where to find the 70 billion that the next six French nuclear reactors will cost…

同時，美國距離創建戰略性比特幣僅幾週了。更不用說利用礦工來平衡網絡並支持其能源提供者。相反，我們仍然不知道在哪裡可以找到接下來六個法國核反應堆的700億美元……

The utility of mixers

攪拌機的效用

Bitcoin transactions are certainly pseudonymous, but all transactions are public. Each BTC is linked to a transaction history. It is possible to trace back to the very first block in which BTC were created.

比特幣交易無疑是假名的，但所有交易都是公開的。每個BTC都鏈接到交易歷史記錄。可以追溯到創建BTC的第一個塊。

[Currently, 3.125 BTC are created every block (every ten minutes) as a reward for the miners providing energy to secure the network]

[目前，每塊創建3.125 BTC（每10分鐘），以獎勵提供能量以保護網絡的能量]

Put differently, it suffices to be able to associate a transaction with an identity to know the entire history of future and upcoming transactions. Unfortunately, the fact is that obtaining bitcoins requires going through exchange platforms that force you to reveal your identity.

換句話說，能夠將交易與身份相關聯是足夠的，以了解未來和即將進行的交易的整個歷史。不幸的是，事實是，獲得比特幣需要瀏覽迫使您揭示身份的交換平台。

Thus, at a minimum, these platforms are a potential flaw. Or even your email provider! Indeed, Coinbase, Revolut, to name a few, do not hesitate to send emails containing the addresses used to withdraw BTC.

因此，至少這些平台是一個潛在的缺陷。甚至您的電子郵件提供商！的確，Coinbase，Revolut僅舉幾例，請隨時發送包含用於提取BTC的地址的電子郵件。

Not to mention data leaks due to hacks… Imagine a data leak revealing that you have withdrawn several bitcoins to a personal wallet! The recent kidnapping case of the co-founder of Ledger should remind us that privacy can be a matter of life or death.

更不用說由於黑客而引起的數據洩漏……想像一下數據洩漏，發現您已將幾個比特幣撤回到個人錢包中！萊傑（Ledger）聯合創始人的最近綁架案件應該提醒我們隱私可能是生死攸關的問題。

In short, since Bitcoin transactions are public, the recipient of a transaction can consult the entire transaction history of the sender and vice versa. Not all privacy is lost, thanks to mixers (coinjoin).

簡而言之，由於比特幣交易是公開的，因此交易的接收者可以諮詢發件人的整個交易歷史記錄，反之亦然。多虧了混合器（CoinJoin），並非所有的隱私都丟失了。

Bitcoin coinjoin, concretely

比特幣共同結合

In simple terms, a coinjoin is a mega transaction combining numerous transactions from dozens, if not hundreds, of people. This transaction will effectively shuffle the cards by creating transactions of the same amounts in output.

簡而言之，共同的交易是一項巨大的交易，結合了數十個（即使不是數百人）的大量交易。這項交易將通過創建輸出相同數量的交易有效地將卡片改組。

Imagine a helicopter chasing a car that suddenly enters a tunnel. And 100 identical cars emerge from the other side of the tunnel. Which one to follow?…

想像一下，一架直升機追逐突然進入隧道的汽車。 100輛相同的汽車從隧道的另一側出現。跟隨哪一個？…

This is the principle of coinjoin. The goal is to break the link between transactions to create “plausible deniability”, as the Anglo-Saxons say.

這是CoinJoin的原則。正如盎格魯 - 撒克遜人所說，目標是打破交易之間的聯繫，以創建“合理的可否認性”。

Pushing your bitcoins through a coinjoin after withdrawing them from an exchange platform helps obscure the trails. The platform can no longer be certain about which addresses your BTC are on. In the event of data leaks, a malicious actor will no longer know if you still hold the BTC withdrawn from the platform.

將比特幣從交換平台中撤回後，將其通過共同的幣將其推動有助於掩蓋步道。該平台不再確定您的BTC啟用了哪些解決方案。如果發生數據洩漏，惡意演員將不再知道您是否仍將BTC從平台中撤回。

Unfortunately, the main wallets offering the coinjoin option (Trezor, Wasabi) have closed their doors due to US legal action against the developers of Samurai. However, many options remain available online, notably joinmarket.

不幸的是，由於美國針對武士開發商的法律訴訟，提供共同選擇選項的主要錢包（Trezor，Wasabi）已經關閉了大門。但是，許多選項仍在網上可用，特別是連接市場。

Here’s a series of articles to understand the mechanics of a coinjoin. It’s a great way to learn more about how bitcoin works:

這是一系列文章，以了解共同的機制。這是了解更多有關比特幣的工作方式的好方法：

-Bitcoin – Why should we not reuse our addresses?-Bitcoin Coinjoin – How does it work?-How Chainalysis tracks your bitcoins?–UTXO and Privacy

-bitcoin - 為什麼我們不應該重複使用我們的地址？-bitcoin CoinJoin - 它如何工作？ - 鏈分析如何跟踪您的比特幣？ - UTXO和隱私

Privacy is part of human rights. Let’s hope that the more pragmatic approach of the new American government soon spreads to the old continent. And that Christine Lagarde’s cherished CBDC project ends up in the dustbin.

隱私是人權的一部分。希望新美國政府的更務實的方法很快傳播到舊大陸。克里斯汀·拉加德（Christine Lagarde）珍愛的CBDC項目最終進入了垃圾箱。