以太坊执行客户端格局转变增强了去中心化

以太坊主要执行客户端 Geth 的市场份额大幅下降，从 84% 下降至 66%。这一减少是由于 Coinbase 将一半验证者转移到 Nethermind，以解决对以太坊中心化风险的担忧。尽管取得了这些进展，评论人士强调，权力下放的斗争仍在继续，Geth 需要降至 33% 以下，而单独质押对于进一步多元化至关重要。行业必须保持警惕，以确保以太坊的安全不会因过度依赖任何单一执行客户端而受到损害。

Ethereum Execution Client Diversity Gains Momentum

以太坊执行客户多元化势头强劲

The dominance of Geth, the foremost Ethereum execution client, has witnessed a notable decline from its peak of 84% in January, following Coinbase's recent decision to allocate half of its validators to Nethermind. While this shift signifies progress towards Ethereum's decentralization, industry experts caution that the battle for a more balanced ecosystem remains ongoing.

在 Coinbase 最近决定将一半验证器分配给 Nethermind 之后，最重要的以太坊执行客户端 Geth 的主导地位已从 1 月份 84% 的峰值显着下降。虽然这一转变标志着以太坊去中心化的进展，但行业专家警告说，争取更平衡的生态系统的斗争仍在继续。

Reducing Reliance on Geth Mitigates Centralization Risks

减少对 Geth 的依赖可降低中心化风险

The diminished reliance on Geth addresses a long-standing concern regarding the centralization of Ethereum's execution layer. A critical bug in an execution client with a market share exceeding 66% could potentially halt the blockchain's finalization process. The current distribution of execution clients, with Geth holding a 66% share and Nethermind capturing 22%, mitigates this risk.

对 Geth 依赖的减少解决了人们长期以来对以太坊执行层中心化的担忧。市场份额超过 66% 的执行客户端中的严重错误可能会导致区块链的最终确定过程停止。目前执行客户端的分布（Geth 占 66%，Nethermind 占 22%）减轻了这一风险。

Diversity Gains from Coinbase, Besu, and Erigon

Coinbase、Besu 和 Erigon 带来的多样性收益

Coinbase's move has significantly contributed to the diversification of Ethereum execution clients. Nethermind's share has subsequently increased to 22%, while Besu and Erigon, both supported by Coinbase, hold 10% and 2% shares, respectively. As a result, the combined share of minority clients has grown to around 34%.

Coinbase 的举动极大地促进了以太坊执行客户的多元化。 Nethermind 的股份随后增至 22%，而 Coinbase 支持的 Besu 和 Erigon 分别持有 10% 和 2% 的股份。结果，少数族裔客户的总份额增长至 34% 左右。

The Road to True Decentralization

真正的去中心化之路

Despite these advancements, commentators emphasize that Ethereum's decentralization journey is far from complete. Lachlan Feeney, founder and CEO of Ethereum infrastructure firm Labrys, cautions that overreliance on a single client still poses risks. According to Feeney, Geth must move significantly below the 66% threshold to account for any potential margin of error. He asserts that a "real victory" will only be achieved when no single client controls more than 33% of the execution client market.

尽管取得了这些进步，评论家强调以太坊的去中心化之旅还远未完成。以太坊基础设施公司 Labrys 的创始人兼首席执行官拉克兰·菲尼 (Lachlan Feeney) 警告说，过度依赖单一客户仍然会带来风险。 Feeney 表示，Geth 必须大幅低于 66% 的阈值，才能考虑到任何潜在的误差幅度。他断言，只有当没有任何一个客户控制超过 33% 的执行客户市场时，才能取得“真正的胜利”。

Feeney also underscores the significance of solo staking in promoting execution client diversity. By staking independently, validators can avoid the potential risks associated with a supermajority bug in Geth.

Feeney 还强调了单独质押对于促进执行客户多样性的重要性。通过独立质押，验证者可以避免与 Geth 中绝对多数错误相关的潜在风险。

Ethereum Advocate Raises Concerns

以太坊倡导者提出担忧

Ethereum decentralization advocate "Superphiz" has expressed concerns that a critical bug in Geth could potentially wipe out 80% or more of the Ether (ETH) staked on the network. With approximately 31.5 million ETH currently staked, representing a value of over $113.5 billion, the potential impact of such a vulnerability is substantial.

以太坊去中心化倡导者“Superphiz”表示担心，Geth 中的一个严重错误可能会消除网络上 80% 或更多的以太币 (ETH)。目前质押了大约 3150 万 ETH，价值超过 1135 亿美元，此类漏洞的潜在影响是巨大的。

Coinbase Commits to Decentralization

Coinbase 致力于去中心化

Coinbase has reiterated its commitment to fostering Ethereum's decentralization by diversifying its validator set. The company intends to evenly distribute its validators among Geth, Nethermind, and Erigon over the long term.

Coinbase 重申了其通过验证器集多样化来促进以太坊去中心化的承诺。从长远来看，该公司打算在 Geth、Nethermind 和 Erigon 之间均匀分配其验证器。

Additional Progress Reports

其他进度报告

Feeney acknowledges the efforts made by other entities, including Sigma Prime, Kiln, Octant, Lido, Ankr, and Twinstake, in reducing their reliance on Geth. These initiatives further contribute to the diversification of Ethereum's execution client ecosystem.

Feeney 承认其他实体为减少对 Geth 的依赖所做的努力，包括 Sigma Prime、Kiln、Octant、Lido、Ankr 和 Twinstake。这些举措进一步促进了以太坊执行客户端生态系统的多元化。

Conclusion

结论

The shift away from Geth dominance represents a positive step towards Ethereum's decentralization goals. However, industry experts emphasize the need for continued vigilance and diversification efforts to ensure the long-term health and resilience of the blockchain. By fostering a more balanced ecosystem, Ethereum can mitigate the risks associated with overreliance on a single execution client and enhance the security and stability of the network.

Geth 主导地位的转变代表着以太坊向去中心化目标迈出了积极的一步。然而，行业专家强调需要持续保持警惕并采取多元化努力，以确保区块链的长期健康和弹性。通过培育更加平衡的生态系统，以太坊可以减轻与过度依赖单一执行客户端相关的风险，并增强网络的安全性和稳定性。