以太坊執行客戶端格局轉變增強了去中心化

以太坊主要執行客戶端 Geth 的市佔率大幅下降，從 84% 下降至 66%。這一減少是由於 Coinbase 將一半驗證者轉移到 Nethermind，以解決對以太坊中心化風險的擔憂。儘管取得了這些進展，評論人士強調，權力下放的鬥爭仍在繼續，Geth 需要降至 33% 以下，而單獨質押對於進一步多元化至關重要。業界必須保持警惕，以確保以太坊的安全不會因過度依賴任何單一執行客戶端而受到損害。

Ethereum Execution Client Diversity Gains Momentum

以太坊執行客戶多元化勢頭強勁

The dominance of Geth, the foremost Ethereum execution client, has witnessed a notable decline from its peak of 84% in January, following Coinbase's recent decision to allocate half of its validators to Nethermind. While this shift signifies progress towards Ethereum's decentralization, industry experts caution that the battle for a more balanced ecosystem remains ongoing.

在 Coinbase 最近決定將一半驗證器分配給 Nethermind 之後，最重要的以太坊執行客戶端 Geth 的主導地位已從 1 月 84% 的峰值顯著下降。雖然這一轉變標誌著以太坊去中心化的進展，但行業專家警告說，爭取更平衡的生態系統的鬥爭仍在繼續。

Reducing Reliance on Geth Mitigates Centralization Risks

減少對 Geth 的依賴可降低中心化風險

The diminished reliance on Geth addresses a long-standing concern regarding the centralization of Ethereum's execution layer. A critical bug in an execution client with a market share exceeding 66% could potentially halt the blockchain's finalization process. The current distribution of execution clients, with Geth holding a 66% share and Nethermind capturing 22%, mitigates this risk.

對 Geth 依賴的減少解決了人們長期以來對以太坊執行層中心化的擔憂。市場佔有率超過 66% 的執行客戶端中的嚴重錯誤可能會導致區塊鏈的最終確定過程停止。目前執行客戶端的分佈（Geth 佔 66%，Nethermind 佔 22%）減輕了此風險。

Diversity Gains from Coinbase, Besu, and Erigon

Coinbase、Besu 和 Erigon 帶來的多元效益

Coinbase's move has significantly contributed to the diversification of Ethereum execution clients. Nethermind's share has subsequently increased to 22%, while Besu and Erigon, both supported by Coinbase, hold 10% and 2% shares, respectively. As a result, the combined share of minority clients has grown to around 34%.

Coinbase 的舉動極大地促進了以太坊執行客戶的多元化。 Nethermind 的股份隨後增至 22%，而 Coinbase 支持的 Besu 和 Erigon 分別持有 10% 和 2% 的股份。結果，少數族裔客戶的總份額成長至 34% 左右。

The Road to True Decentralization

真正的去中心化之路

Despite these advancements, commentators emphasize that Ethereum's decentralization journey is far from complete. Lachlan Feeney, founder and CEO of Ethereum infrastructure firm Labrys, cautions that overreliance on a single client still poses risks. According to Feeney, Geth must move significantly below the 66% threshold to account for any potential margin of error. He asserts that a "real victory" will only be achieved when no single client controls more than 33% of the execution client market.

儘管取得了這些進步，評論家強調以太坊的去中心化之旅還遠遠沒有完成。以太坊基礎設施公司 Labrys 的創始人兼執行長拉克蘭·菲尼 (Lachlan Feeney) 警告說，過度依賴單一客戶仍然會帶來風險。 Feeney 表示，Geth 必須大幅低於 66% 的閾值，才能考慮到任何潛在的誤差幅度。他斷言，只有當沒有任何一個客戶控制超過 33% 的執行客戶市場時，才能取得「真正的勝利」。

Feeney also underscores the significance of solo staking in promoting execution client diversity. By staking independently, validators can avoid the potential risks associated with a supermajority bug in Geth.

Feeney 也強調了單獨質押對於促進執行客戶多樣性的重要性。透過獨立質押，驗證者可以避免與 Geth 中絕對多數錯誤相關的潛在風險。

Ethereum Advocate Raises Concerns

以太坊倡導者提出擔憂

Ethereum decentralization advocate "Superphiz" has expressed concerns that a critical bug in Geth could potentially wipe out 80% or more of the Ether (ETH) staked on the network. With approximately 31.5 million ETH currently staked, representing a value of over $113.5 billion, the potential impact of such a vulnerability is substantial.

以太坊去中心化倡導者「Superphiz」表示擔心，Geth 中的一個嚴重錯誤可能會消除網路上 80% 或更多的以太幣 (ETH)。目前質押了大約 3,150 萬 ETH，價值超過 1,135 億美元，此類漏洞的潛在影響是巨大的。

Coinbase Commits to Decentralization

Coinbase 致力於去中心化

Coinbase has reiterated its commitment to fostering Ethereum's decentralization by diversifying its validator set. The company intends to evenly distribute its validators among Geth, Nethermind, and Erigon over the long term.

Coinbase 重申了其透過驗證器集多樣化來促進以太坊去中心化的承諾。從長遠來看，該公司打算在 Geth、Nethermind 和 Erigon 之間均勻分配其驗證器。

Additional Progress Reports

其他進度報告

Feeney acknowledges the efforts made by other entities, including Sigma Prime, Kiln, Octant, Lido, Ankr, and Twinstake, in reducing their reliance on Geth. These initiatives further contribute to the diversification of Ethereum's execution client ecosystem.

Feeney 承認其他實體為減少對 Geth 的依賴所做的努力，包括 Sigma Prime、Kiln、Octant、Lido、Ankr 和 Twinstake。這些措施進一步促進了以太坊執行客戶生態系統的多元化。

Conclusion

結論

The shift away from Geth dominance represents a positive step towards Ethereum's decentralization goals. However, industry experts emphasize the need for continued vigilance and diversification efforts to ensure the long-term health and resilience of the blockchain. By fostering a more balanced ecosystem, Ethereum can mitigate the risks associated with overreliance on a single execution client and enhance the security and stability of the network.

Geth 主導地位的轉變代表以太坊向去中心化目標邁出了積極的一步。然而，行業專家強調需要持續保持警惕並採取多元化努力，以確保區塊鏈的長期健康和彈性。透過培育更平衡的生態系統，以太坊可以減輕與過度依賴單一執行客戶端相關的風險，並增強網路的安全性和穩定性。