中国引领人工智能人才培养全球领先者

中国已超越美国，成为人工智能人才的主要生产国，培养了全球近一半的顶尖人工智能研究人员，这是全球人工智能格局的重大发展。最近的一项研究强调了这一转变，反映出中国在人工智能领域的实力迅速崛起，超过了传统上在该领域占据主导地位的美国。人工智能发展的影响是深远的，对生产力、行业实力和地缘政治动态都有潜在影响。

China Surges Ahead as Global Leader in Artificial Intelligence Talent Production

中国人工智能人才培养全球领先

In a groundbreaking development that has sent shockwaves through the tech world, China has emerged as the undisputed leader in producing top-tier artificial intelligence (AI) researchers, surpassing the United States for the first time. This startling revelation, unveiled in a comprehensive study conducted by the Paulson Institute's think tank, MacroPolo, underscores China's meteoric rise as a global AI powerhouse.

中国的突破性进展震惊了科技界，在培养顶级人工智能（AI）研究人员方面，中国无可争议地成为领先者，首次超越美国。保尔森基金会智库 MacroPolo 进行的一项综合研究公布了这一令人震惊的发现，突显了中国作为全球人工智能强国的迅速崛起。

China's AI Prowess Reaches New Heights

中国人工智能实力再上新台阶

The MacroPolo study, which meticulously analyzed researchers presenting papers at the prestigious 2022 Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), paints a compelling picture of China's remarkable AI ascendancy. While previously accounting for approximately one-third of the world's leading AI talent, China's contribution has now surged, leaving the United States trailing in its wake.

MacroPolo 的研究仔细分析了研究人员在著名的 2022 年神经信息处理系统会议 (NeurIPS) 上发表的论文，描绘了一幅中国引人注目的人工智能优势的引人注目的图景。此前，中国约占全球领先人工智能人才的三分之一，但现在其贡献大幅增加，使美国紧随其后。

For decades, the United States benefited from a steady inflow of China's brightest minds, who pursued doctoral degrees at American universities and often chose to stay. However, this trend has reversed, with an increasing number of Chinese researchers opting to remain in their home country. This shift holds profound implications as China and the United States engage in a fierce rivalry for dominance in AI, a transformative technology with far-reaching consequences for productivity, economic competitiveness, and innovation.

几十年来，美国受益于中国最聪明人才的稳定流入，他们在美国大学攻读博士学位，但往往选择留下来。然而，这种趋势已经逆转，越来越多的中国研究人员选择留在自己的祖国。随着中国和美国在人工智能领域展开激烈竞争，这种转变具有深远的影响。人工智能是一项对生产力、经济竞争力和创新产生深远影响的变革性技术。

Implications for AI Development

对人工智能发展的影响

Generative AI, which has gained prominence in both Silicon Valley and China, has experienced exponential growth, attracting substantial investments. U.S. tech giants like Google and startups like OpenAI have been at the forefront of this surge. However, escalating geopolitical tensions between Washington and Beijing may dampen cross-border collaborations, potentially hindering innovation in this rapidly evolving field.

生成式人工智能在硅谷和中国都受到重视，并经历了指数级增长，吸引了大量投资。谷歌等美国科技巨头和 OpenAI 等初创公司一直处于这一浪潮的最前沿。然而，华盛顿和北京之间不断升级的地缘政治紧张局势可能会抑制跨境合作，从而可能阻碍这个快速发展领域的创新。

China's transformation into an AI behemoth can be attributed, in part, to its unwavering commitment to AI education. Since 2018, the nation has established over 2,000 undergraduate AI programs, including over 300 at its most elite universities. Notably, these programs often place greater emphasis on the application of AI in industry and manufacturing, rather than the generative AI technologies that dominate the American AI landscape.

中国成为人工智能巨头的部分原因在于其对人工智能教育的坚定承诺。自 2018 年以来，该国已设立了 2000 多个本科人工智能项目，其中 300 多个位于最精英大学。值得注意的是，这些项目通常更加强调人工智能在工业和制造业中的应用，而不是主导美国人工智能领域的生成式人工智能技术。

The MacroPolo study also highlights the significant role of Chinese-born researchers in bolstering AI competitiveness in the United States. Currently, Chinese nationals constitute 38 percent of the top AI researchers working in the U.S., compared to 37 percent who are American-born. This statistic underscores the interconnectedness of the global AI talent pool and the vital importance of attracting and retaining top talent, regardless of nationality.

MacroPolo 的研究还强调了中国出生的研究人员在增强美国人工智能竞争力方面的重要作用。目前，在美国顶尖人工智能研究人员中，中国人占 38%，而在美国出生的人占 37%。这一统计数据强调了全球人工智能人才库的相互关联性，以及吸引和留住顶尖人才（无论国籍）的至关重要性。

Balancing Policy Challenges

平衡政策挑战

The influx of Chinese AI researchers into the United States presents policymakers with a delicate balancing act. While measures to counter potential Chinese espionage are necessary, policies that unintentionally deter the flow of Chinese computer engineers could inadvertently cripple U.S. AI competitiveness. The track record of U.S. policymakers in addressing this issue has been inconsistent, with some initiatives criticized for inadvertently deterring talent from seeking opportunities in the United States.

中国人工智能研究人员涌入美国给政策制定者带来了微妙的平衡。虽然打击潜在中国间谍活动的措施是必要的，但无意中阻止中国计算机工程师流动的政策可能会无意中削弱美国人工智能的竞争力。美国政策制定者在解决这一问题方面的记录并不一致，一些举措被批评无意中阻止了人才在美国寻找机会。

Despite recent shifts, the United States remains a global hub for AI research and development, hosting approximately 42 percent of the world's leading talent. However, this represents a decline from its previous dominance, signaling a profound shift in the global AI landscape. As China continues to invest heavily in AI education and research, the rivalry between these two superpowers for AI supremacy promises to intensify in the coming years.

尽管最近发生了变化，美国仍然是全球人工智能研发中心，拥有全球约 42% 的领先人才。然而，这代表着其先前主导地位的下降，标志着全球人工智能格局的深刻转变。随着中国继续大力投资人工智能教育和研究，这两个超级大国之间争夺人工智能霸主地位的竞争有望在未来几年加剧。

A Global Landscape in Flux

不断变化的全球格局

China's emergence as the leading producer of AI talent is a pivotal moment in the global AI landscape, with far-reaching implications for technological innovation, industry competitiveness, and geopolitical dynamics. As the competition between China and the United States intensifies, both nations must confront complex policy challenges to ensure the continued progress of AI development while promoting collaboration and innovation on a global scale.

中国成为人工智能人才的领先生产国是全球人工智能格局的关键时刻，对技术创新、行业竞争力和地缘政治动态产生深远影响。随着中美之间的竞争加剧，两国必须面对复杂的政策挑战，以确保人工智能发展的持续进步，同时促进全球范围内的合作和创新。