美国看好比特币：三个州预计将很快建立本地比特币储备

这些法案与美国国家比特币储备的提议不同，并体现了当地的具体情况。

Three U.S. states are set to introduce local Bitcoin reserves soon. The bills differ from the American National Bitcoin Reserve proposal and have their own local specifics.

美国三个州即将推出本地比特币储备。这些法案与美国国家比特币储备提案不同，并且有自己的本地细节。

America is bullish on Bitcoin. Allegedly, each fifth American owns some BTC. While the U.S. President is pushing to create a strategic Bitcoin reserve, the states are working on local reserves. The Ohio and Texas proposals to create such reserves are about to pass; Pennsylvania is following their way, while other states are doing their considerations.

美国看好比特币。据称，每五分之一的美国人都拥有一些比特币。虽然美国总统正在推动建立比特币战略储备，但各州正在努力建立地方储备。俄亥俄州和德克萨斯州建立此类储备的提案即将获得通过；宾夕法尼亚州正在效仿他们的做法，而其他州也在考虑他们的做法。

What are the specs of the local proposals compared to the federal bill?

与联邦法案相比，地方提案的规格是什么？

The main distinction is that the local proposals have different end goals if compared to the federal-level proposal. The federal bill is aimed to cover the national debt and calls for purchasing one million BTC that should be stored in the U.S. Treasury.

主要区别在于，与联邦级提案相比，地方提案具有不同的最终目标。该联邦法案旨在偿还国家债务，并呼吁购买 100 万枚比特币，并将其存放在美国财政部。

The Texas bill is aimed at accumulating bitcoins by collecting taxes and donations in cryptocurrency. More than that, Texas has a minimum five-year embargo on selling state bitcoins. Ohio and Pennsylvania are willing to accumulate some BTC as a hedge against the eroding USD value. Bitcoins must be bought by the local treasuries. The bills don’t elaborate precisely on the terms.

德克萨斯州的法案旨在通过以加密货币形式征税和捐款来积累比特币。不仅如此，德克萨斯州还对出售该州比特币实施了至少五年的禁运。俄亥俄州和宾夕法尼亚州愿意积累一些比特币，以对冲美元贬值的风险。比特币必须由当地财政部购买。这些法案没有详细说明条款。

The Cynthia Lummis bill

辛西娅·鲁米斯法案

The Federal Reserve bill was introduced in July 2024 by Wyoming Sen. Cynthia Lummis. Her proposal is called Boosting Innovation, Technology and Competitiveness through Optimized Investment Nationwide (BITCOIN) Act. The Lummis bill is expressly presented as a means to pay down the U.S. national debt.

美联储法案由怀俄明州参议员辛西娅·卢米斯 (Cynthia Lummis) 于 2024 年 7 月提出。她的提案名为《通过全国优化投资促进创新、技术和竞争力（比特币）法案》。鲁米斯法案明确提出作为偿还美国国债的一种手段。

Apart from national debt, Lummis mentions soaring inflation rates in the introduction and calls the creation of the reserve a Louisiana Purchase moment. Comparing huge-scale Bitcoin purchases with buying American lands in the past became a popular trope among Bitcoin maximalists.

除了国债之外，鲁米斯在引言中还提到了飙升的通货膨胀率，并将储备金的创建称为“路易斯安那购买时刻”。将大规模比特币购买与过去购买美国土地进行比较已成为比特币最大化主义者的流行比喻。

According to the Lummis proposal, Bitcoin is seen as an additional store of value in the federal balance sheet. The bill suggests that the government must establish a U.S. Treasury-controlled decentralized network of Bitcoin vaults. On top of that, the government must purchase one million BTC, which is around 5% of the total supply. The amount is dictated by the fact that the U.S. is already holding 5% of all gold. Private Bitcoin holders should be given self-custody rights.

根据 Lummis 提案，比特币被视为联邦资产负债表中的额外价值储存手段。该法案建议政府必须建立一个由美国财政部控制的去中心化比特币金库网络。最重要的是，政府必须购买 100 万比特币，约占总供应量的 5%。这一数额是由美国已经持有黄金总量 5% 的事实决定的。私人比特币持有者应享有自我保管权。

The local bills

当地账单

The local bills of Texas and Ohio don’t include direct intentions to purchase a specified amount of BTC in a certain period, nor are they intended to eliminate the state debts.

德克萨斯州和俄亥俄州的地方法案并不包含在一定时期内购买特定数量比特币的直接意图，也无意消除州债务。

The Texas bill was introduced by Texas State Representative Giovanni Capriglione on Dec. 12. The bill suggests that local residents will be able to use cryptocurrency to pay their taxes. On top of that, Texans will be able to donate cryptocurrency to the state. All the crypto is going to be exchanged for Bitcoin.

该法案由德克萨斯州众议员乔瓦尼·卡普里廖内 (Giovanni Capriglione) 于 12 月 12 日提出。该法案表明当地居民将能够使用加密货币来缴税。最重要的是，德克萨斯人将能够向该州捐赠加密货币。所有的加密货币都将兑换成比特币。

Donations, taxes, and other payments to the state agencies will be the main avenues for Texas to accumulate bitcoins. The accumulated BTC are supposed to be stored offline untouched for at least five years. Just like Lummis, Capriglione mentioned inflation as one of the biggest enemies while speaking about the need for the Bitcoin reserve. Texas has been an attractive place for Bitcoin miners due to low electricity costs and various incentives.

向国家机构的捐款、税收和其他付款将是德克萨斯州积累比特币的主要途径。积累的比特币应该离线存储至少五年不变。就像卢米斯一样，卡普里廖内在谈到比特币储备的必要性时也提到通货膨胀是最大的敌人之一。由于电力成本低廉和各种激励措施，德克萨斯州一直对比特币矿工有吸引力。

During the CNBC interview released on Dec. 24, Centrifuge general counsel Eli Cohen noted that the implementation may turn out to be challenging. He points out that the tax authorities may find it tricky to collect taxes in BTC and identify taxpayers. If the tax authorities demand taxpayers to provide their BTC wallets, the taxpayers may feel reluctant to obey.

在 12 月 24 日发布的 CNBC 采访中，Centrifuge 总法律顾问 Eli Cohen 指出，实施可能会具有挑战性。他指出，税务机关可能会发现以比特币收税并识别纳税人很棘手。如果税务机关要求纳税人提供比特币钱包，纳税人可能会不愿意服从。

On Dec. 17, the rep. Derek Merrin introduced the Ohio bill known as the Ohio Bitcoin Reserve Act. The act suggests that the Ohio treasury will set up the Bitcoin fund and will be able to invest money in Bitcoin. Bitcoin is seen as a hedge against USD devaluation. In contrast to the Lummis proposal, the bill has no mention of specific Bitcoin purchases or allocations. In 2022, Ohio had a $72.16 billion debt. It is possible that the BTC reserve could facilitate debt redemption. The bill will be worked upon further by legislators in 2025.

12 月 17 日，代表。德里克·梅林 (Derek Merrin) 提出了俄亥俄州法案，称为俄亥俄州比特币储备法案。该法案表明，俄亥俄州财政部将设立比特币基金，并将能够将资金投资于比特币。比特币被视为对冲美元贬值的工具。与 Lummis 提案相反，该法案没有提及具体的比特币购买或分配。 2022年，俄亥俄州债务为721.6亿美元。比特币储备有可能有助于债务偿还。立法者将于 2025 年进一步审议该法案。

The Pennsylvania bill was introduced back in November. Its prime suggestion is that the state will be able to invest up to 10% of the State General Fund in Bitcoin in order to fight inflation. This means that nearly one billion dollars can be spent on bitcoins.

宾夕法尼亚州的法案于 11 月提出。其主要建议是，国家将能够将国家普通基金的 10% 投资于比特币，以对抗通货膨胀。这意味着近10亿美元可以花在比特币上。

Will these bills pass?

这些法案会通过吗？

The bills mentioned above were introduced. There is no guarantee that they will pass. On average, only 20% of the introduced state-level bills become laws. In Texas, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, this number is even lower. According to the New Healthcare Bill Acts, only 4.5% of the bills introduced to the 115th Congress became law. So, statistically, the odds are not that high. Practically, it depends on multiple factors, not least of all the persistence

上述法案均已出台。无法保证他们会通过。平均而言，所出台的州级法案中只有 20% 成为法律。在德克萨斯州、俄亥俄州和宾夕法尼亚州，这个数字甚至更低。根据新医疗保健法案，向第 115 届国会提交的法案中只有 4.5% 成为法律。因此，从统计数据来看，这种可能性并不高。实际上，这取决于多种因素，尤其是持久性