AGI：通用人工智能的真正力量以及如何安全地开发它

随着最近发布的 iPhone 16，苹果承诺针对人工智能进行优化，很明显人工智能正式成为人们关注的焦点

With the recent release of the iPhone 16, which Apple has promised is optimized for artificial intelligence, it’s clear that AI is officially front of mind, once again, for the average consumer. Yet the technology still remains rather limited compared with the vast abilities the most forward-thinking AI technologists anticipate will be achievable in the near future.

随着最近发布的 iPhone 16（苹果承诺针对人工智能进行优化），很明显人工智能再次正式成为普通消费者的首要考虑因素。然而，与最具前瞻性的人工智能技术专家预计在不久的将来可以实现的巨大能力相比，这项技术仍然相当有限。

As much excitement as there still is around the technology, many still fear the potentially negative consequences of integrating it so deeply into society. One common concern is that a sufficiently advanced AI could determine humanity to be a threat and turn against us all, a scenario imagined in many science fiction stories. However, according to a leading AI researcher, most people’s concerns can be alleviated by decentralizing and democratizing AI’s development.

尽管这项技术仍然令人兴奋，但许多人仍然担心将其如此深入地融入社会可能带来的负面后果。一个普遍的担忧是，足够先进的人工智能可能会将人类视为威胁并反对我们所有人，这是许多科幻故事中想象的场景。然而，一位领先的人工智能研究人员表示，通过人工智能开发的去中心化和民主化可以缓解大多数人的担忧。

On Episode 46 of The Agenda podcast, hosts Jonathan DeYoung and Ray Salmond separate fact from fiction by speaking with Ben Goertzel, the computer scientist and researcher who first popularized the term “artificial general intelligence,” or AGI. Goertzel currently serves as the CEO of SingularityNET and the ASI Alliance, where he leads the projects’ efforts to develop the world’s first AGI.

在《议程》播客的第 46 集中，主持人乔纳森·德扬 (Jonathan DeYoung) 和雷·萨尔蒙德 (Ray Salmond) 与计算机科学家和研究员本·戈策尔 (Ben Goertzel) 进行了交谈，区分了事实与虚构。 Goertzel 目前担任 SingularityNET 和 ASI 联盟的首席执行官，领导项目开发世界上第一个 AGI。

The true power of artificial general intelligence

通用人工智能的真正力量

Goertzel defines an AGI as “an AI that can do the whole scope of everything that people can do, including the human ability to leap beyond what we’ve been taught.” This differs from the more narrow AIs that have been around for a while, which “do some highly specific things but don’t try to have the whole broad scope of a human mind.”

Goertzel 将 AGI 定义为“一种人工智能，它可以完成人类能做的所有事情，包括人类超越我们所接受的教育的能力。”这与已经存在了一段时间的更狭隘的人工智能不同，后者“做一些非常具体的事情，但不会试图拥有人类思维的整个广泛范围”。

While large language models like ChatGPT are capable of performing many general tasks, they don’t qualify as artificial general intelligence because they don’t venture far beyond their training, said Goertzel.

Goertzel 表示，虽然像 ChatGPT 这样的大型语言模型能够执行许多通用任务，但它们不符合通用人工智能的资格，因为它们不会冒险超出其训练范围。

There are many potentially world-changing benefits that would come from developing an AGI. “We can abolish material scarcity at the level of everyday human life, just like we can drum up all the steaks that our dog wants to eat,” Goertzel said. “We don’t have to work for a living anymore. Things like death and disease should be curable by nanotechnology, which an advanced AI presumably could create.”

开发通用人工智能可以带来许多潜在的改变世界的好处。 “我们可以消除人类日常生活层面的物质匮乏，就像我们可以把我们的狗想吃的所有牛排都鼓起来一样，”戈策尔说。 “我们不再需要为生计而工作了。像死亡和疾病这样的事情应该可以通过纳米技术来治愈，先进的人工智能大概可以创造纳米技术。”

Related: OriginTrail on AI, real-world adoption and the value of knowledge: The Agenda podcast

相关：关于人工智能、现实世界采用和知识价值的 OriginTrail：议程播客

How to safely develop artificial general intelligence

如何安全地开发通用人工智能

However, a powerful AGI is not without its risks. Goertzel told The Agenda that while a Terminator-style world-ending apocalypse is highly unlikely — though it can’t entirely be ruled out — there are other risks inherent in its development. “The idea that human beings could take moderately advanced AIs and use them to do nasty things to other human beings out of their own self-interest, this is a very, very, very clear and palpable risk,” he shared.

然而，强大的通用人工智能并非没有风险。戈策尔告诉《议程》，虽然终结者式的世界末日不太可能发生——尽管不能完全排除——但它的发展还存在其他固有的风险。他分享道：“人类可以出于自身利益而使用中等先进的人工智能，并利用它们对其他人类做一些肮脏的事情，这是一个非常、非常、非常明显和明显的风险。”

The way to avoid these concerns and ensure that AGI is used for the benefit of all humanity is to decentralize and democratize it, according to Goertzel. That way, it cannot be controlled “by a small number of powerful parties with their own narrow interests at heart.”

戈策尔表示，避免这些担忧并确保通用人工智能造福全人类的方法是使其去中心化和民主化。这样，它就不能被“少数只顾自己狭隘利益的强大政党”所控制。

“What you need is some way to decentralize all these processes that the AI is running on, and then you need a way to decentralize the data ingestion into all these processors,” he argued. “This is what SingularityNET was designed to provide. […] Singularity lets you take a collection of AI agents and run them on machines which are owned and controlled by no central party.”

“你需要的是某种方法来分散人工智能运行的所有这些进程，然后你需要一种方法将数据摄取分散到所有这些处理器中，”他说。 “这就是 SingularityNET 的设计目的。 [……]奇点让你可以收集一组人工智能代理，并在不由任何中央方拥有和控制的机器上运行它们。”

To hear more from Goertzel’s conversation with The Agenda — including his thoughts on how AGI could extend the human lifespan, what Hollywood gets right and wrong about AI, and whether AGI will unlock the secrets of the universe — listen to the full episode on Cointelegraph’s Podcasts page, Apple Podcasts or Spotify. And don’t forget to check out Cointelegraph’s full lineup of other shows!

要了解 Goertzel 与 The Agenda 的对话的更多内容，包括他对 AGI 如何延长人类寿命、好莱坞对 AI 的看法是对还是错的看法，以及 AGI 是否会解开宇宙的秘密，请收听 Cointelegraph 播客的完整剧集页面、Apple 播客或 Spotify。并且不要忘记查看 Cointelegraph 的其他节目的完整阵容！

Magazine: Advanced AI system is already ‘self-aware’ — ASI Alliance founder

杂志：先进的人工智能系统已经具有“自我意识”——ASI联盟创始人

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