AGI：通用人工智慧的真正力量以及如何安全地開發它

隨著最近發布的 iPhone 16，蘋果承諾針對人工智慧進行優化，很明顯人工智慧正式成為人們關注的焦點

With the recent release of the iPhone 16, which Apple has promised is optimized for artificial intelligence, it’s clear that AI is officially front of mind, once again, for the average consumer. Yet the technology still remains rather limited compared with the vast abilities the most forward-thinking AI technologists anticipate will be achievable in the near future.

隨著最近發布的 iPhone 16（蘋果承諾針對人工智慧進行優化），很明顯人工智慧再次正式成為普通消費者的首要考慮因素。然而，與最具前瞻性的人工智慧技術專家預計在不久的將來可以實現的巨大能力相比，這項技術仍然相當有限。

As much excitement as there still is around the technology, many still fear the potentially negative consequences of integrating it so deeply into society. One common concern is that a sufficiently advanced AI could determine humanity to be a threat and turn against us all, a scenario imagined in many science fiction stories. However, according to a leading AI researcher, most people’s concerns can be alleviated by decentralizing and democratizing AI’s development.

儘管這項技術仍然令人興奮，但許多人仍然擔心將其如此深入地融入社會可能帶來的負面後果。一個普遍的擔憂是，足夠先進的人工智慧可能會將人類視為威脅並反對我們所有人，這是許多科幻故事中想像的場景。然而，一位領先的人工智慧研究人員表示，透過人工智慧開發的去中心化和民主化可以緩解大多數人的擔憂。

On Episode 46 of The Agenda podcast, hosts Jonathan DeYoung and Ray Salmond separate fact from fiction by speaking with Ben Goertzel, the computer scientist and researcher who first popularized the term “artificial general intelligence,” or AGI. Goertzel currently serves as the CEO of SingularityNET and the ASI Alliance, where he leads the projects’ efforts to develop the world’s first AGI.

在《議程》播客的第46 集中，主持人喬納森·德揚(Jonathan DeYoung) 和雷·薩爾蒙德(Ray Salmond) 與計算機科學家和研究員本·戈策爾(Ben Goertzel) 進行了交談，區分了事實與虛構。 Goertzel 目前擔任 SingularityNET 和 ASI 聯盟的首席執行官，領導專案開發世界上第一個 AGI。

The true power of artificial general intelligence

通用人工智慧的真正力量

Goertzel defines an AGI as “an AI that can do the whole scope of everything that people can do, including the human ability to leap beyond what we’ve been taught.” This differs from the more narrow AIs that have been around for a while, which “do some highly specific things but don’t try to have the whole broad scope of a human mind.”

Goertzel 將 AGI 定義為“一種人工智慧，它可以完成人類所能做的所有事情，包括人類超越我們所接受的教育的能力。”這與已經存在了一段時間的更狹隘的人工智慧不同，後者「做一些非常具體的事情，但不會試圖擁有人類思維的整個廣泛範圍」。

While large language models like ChatGPT are capable of performing many general tasks, they don’t qualify as artificial general intelligence because they don’t venture far beyond their training, said Goertzel.

Goertzel 表示，雖然像 ChatGPT 這樣的大型語言模型能夠執行許多通用任務，但它們不符合通用人工智慧的資格，因為它們不會冒險超出其訓練範圍。

There are many potentially world-changing benefits that would come from developing an AGI. “We can abolish material scarcity at the level of everyday human life, just like we can drum up all the steaks that our dog wants to eat,” Goertzel said. “We don’t have to work for a living anymore. Things like death and disease should be curable by nanotechnology, which an advanced AI presumably could create.”

開發通用人工智慧可以帶來許多潛在的改變世界的好處。 「我們可以消除人類日常生活層面的物質匱乏，就像我們可以把我們的狗想吃的所有牛排都鼓起來一樣，」戈策爾說。 「我們不再需要為生計而工作了。像死亡和疾病這樣的事情應該可以通過奈米技術來治愈，先進的人工智慧大概可以創造奈米技術。

Related: OriginTrail on AI, real-world adoption and the value of knowledge: The Agenda podcast

相關：關於人工智慧、現實世界採用和知識價值的 OriginTrail：議程播客

How to safely develop artificial general intelligence

如何安全地開發通用人工智慧

However, a powerful AGI is not without its risks. Goertzel told The Agenda that while a Terminator-style world-ending apocalypse is highly unlikely — though it can’t entirely be ruled out — there are other risks inherent in its development. “The idea that human beings could take moderately advanced AIs and use them to do nasty things to other human beings out of their own self-interest, this is a very, very, very clear and palpable risk,” he shared.

然而，強大的通用人工智慧並非沒有風險。戈策爾告訴《議程》，雖然終結者式的世界末日不太可能發生——儘管不能完全排除——但它的發展還有其他固有的風險。他分享道：“人類可以出於自身利益而使用中等先進的人工智慧，並利用它們對其他人類做一些骯髒的事情，這是一個非常、非常、非常明顯和明顯的風險。”

The way to avoid these concerns and ensure that AGI is used for the benefit of all humanity is to decentralize and democratize it, according to Goertzel. That way, it cannot be controlled “by a small number of powerful parties with their own narrow interests at heart.”

戈策爾表示，避免這些擔憂並確保通用人工智慧造福全人類的方法是使其去中心化和民主化。這樣，它就不能被「少數只顧自己狹隘利益的強大政黨」所控制。

“What you need is some way to decentralize all these processes that the AI is running on, and then you need a way to decentralize the data ingestion into all these processors,” he argued. “This is what SingularityNET was designed to provide. […] Singularity lets you take a collection of AI agents and run them on machines which are owned and controlled by no central party.”

「你需要的是某種方法來分散人工智慧運行的所有這些進程，然後你需要一種方法將資料攝取分散到所有這些處理器中，」他說。 「這就是 SingularityNET 的設計目的。 [……] 奇點讓你可以收集一組人工智慧代理，並在不由任何中央方擁有和控制的機器上運行它們。

To hear more from Goertzel’s conversation with The Agenda — including his thoughts on how AGI could extend the human lifespan, what Hollywood gets right and wrong about AI, and whether AGI will unlock the secrets of the universe — listen to the full episode on Cointelegraph’s Podcasts page, Apple Podcasts or Spotify. And don’t forget to check out Cointelegraph’s full lineup of other shows!

要了解Goertzel 與The Agenda 的對話的更多內容，包括他對AGI 如何延長人類壽命、好萊塢對AI 的看法是對還是錯的看法，以及AGI 是否會解開宇宙的秘密，請收聽Cointelegraph 播客的完整劇集頁面、Apple 播客或 Spotify。並且不要忘記查看 Cointelegraph 的其他節目的完整陣容！

Magazine: Advanced AI system is already ‘self-aware’ — ASI Alliance founder

雜誌：先進的人工智慧系統已經具有「自我意識」－ASI聯盟創辦人

This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.

本文僅供一般資訊參考，無意也不應被視為法律或投資建議。這裡表達的觀點、想法和意見僅是作者個人的觀點和意見，不一定反映或代表Cointelegraph的觀點和意見。