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比特幣挖礦是比特幣網路核心的一個令人著迷但複雜的過程。它在驗證交易和將新比特幣引入流通方面發揮著至關重要的作用。
Bitcoin mining is a captivating yet intricate process that lies at the core of the Bitcoin network, playing a pivotal role in validating transactions and introducing new Bitcoin into circulation. With an estimated 19.5 million Bitcoin in circulation as of July 2024, and a maximum supply cap of 21 million, the remaining 1.5 million Bitcoin are yet to be mined.
比特幣挖礦是一個迷人而複雜的過程,位於比特幣網路的核心,在驗證交易和將新比特幣引入流通方面發揮關鍵作用。截至 2024 年 7 月,預計流通中的比特幣數量為 1,950 萬個,最大供應上限為 2,100 萬個,其餘 150 萬個比特幣尚未開採。
Delving into the World of Bitcoin Mining
深入比特幣挖礦世界
Bitcoin mining can be likened to a digital treasure hunt, where users, known as "miners," employ powerful computers to solve intricate mathematical puzzles called hashes. These hashes are 64-digit hexadecimal codes that serve to validate and confirm transaction blocks. Once validated, these blocks are added to the blockchain, the digital ledger that records all Bitcoin transactions. The successful validation of a block releases more Bitcoin into the network, creating digital scarcity, much like finding an elusive treasure chest. With Bitcoin’s maximum supply hard-capped at 21 million coins, these mined blocks represent a diminishing reward due to a built-in protocol feature known as halving.
比特幣挖礦可以比作數位尋寶,被稱為「礦工」的用戶使用強大的計算機來解決稱為哈希的複雜數學難題。這些哈希值是 64 位元十六進位代碼,用於驗證和確認交易區塊。一旦經過驗證,這些區塊就會被添加到區塊鏈中,即記錄所有比特幣交易的數位分類帳。區塊的成功驗證會向網路釋放更多比特幣,造成數位稀缺,就像找到難以捉摸的寶箱一樣。由於比特幣的最大供應硬性限制為 2,100 萬枚,由於內建協議功能(稱為減半),這些開採的區塊代表獎勵遞減。
Each block’s mining difficulty adjusts approximately every 2,016 blocks, influencing how easily miners can discover new blocks. This mechanism ensures that Bitcoin remains scarce, inherently adding value to each mined coin. Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin’s mysterious creator, programmed the network to halve block rewards every 210,000 blocks, or roughly every four years. Experts predict that new Bitcoin will cease to be mined by 2140, but miners will continue to earn Bitcoin through transaction fees.
每個區塊的挖礦難度大約每 2,016 個區塊調整一次,影響礦工發現新區塊的難易度。這種機制確保比特幣保持稀缺性,本質上為每個開採的硬幣增加價值。比特幣的神秘創造者中本聰對網路進行了編程,每 210,000 個區塊(即大約每四年)將區塊獎勵減半。專家預測,到 2140 年,新的比特幣將停止開採,但礦工將繼續透過交易費賺取比特幣。
Miners harness specialized computing hardware to mine Bitcoin, adhering to Bitcoin’s cryptographic algorithm called SHA-256. SHA-256 is a secure encryption method that encodes transaction data into long strings of letters and numbers, protecting it from unauthorized access. The decryption process is arduous, with miners typically releasing a new block every 10 minutes, earning rewards known as block rewards and transaction fees.
礦工利用專門的計算硬體來挖掘比特幣,遵循比特幣的 SHA-256 加密演算法。 SHA-256 是一種安全加密方法,可將交易資料編碼為長字母和數字字串,防止未經授權的存取。解密過程非常艱鉅,礦工通常每 10 分鐘釋放一個新區塊,賺取稱為區塊獎勵和交易費的獎勵。
Before the April 2024 Bitcoin halving, the block reward was 6.25 BTC. The reward has since halved to 3.125 BTC, reinforcing the scarcity and increasing the value of Bitcoin. This programmed halving is a pivotal aspect of Bitcoin’s deflationary nature and is crucial for maintaining the cryptocurrency’s value over time (CoinDesk).
2024 年 4 月比特幣減半前,區塊獎勵為 6.25 BTC。此後獎勵減半至 3.125 BTC,加劇了比特幣的稀缺性並增加了比特幣的價值。這種程序性減半是比特幣通貨緊縮性質的關鍵方面,對於長期維持加密貨幣的價值至關重要(CoinDesk)。
The duration to mine one Bitcoin hinges on the network’s difficulty settings. On average, it takes approximately 10 minutes to mine a block, which releases 3.125 BTC. However, mining one Bitcoin alone is impractical due to the steep computational power required. Factors like hardware and hashrate influence a miner’s earnings. Savvy miners often join mining pools, pooling their computational efforts to collectively solve blocks and distribute rewards based on individual contributions. (Blockchain.com)
開採一個比特幣的持續時間取決於網路的難度設定。平均而言,開採一個區塊大約需要 10 分鐘,可釋放 3.125 BTC。然而,由於需要極高的運算能力,單獨開採一枚比特幣是不切實際的。硬體和算力等因素會影響礦工的收入。精明的礦工經常加入礦池,集中他們的計算能力來共同解決區塊並根據個人貢獻分配獎勵。 (區塊鏈網)
Different Bitcoin Mining Pools:
不同的比特幣礦池:
Proportional: Rewards are distributed based on a miner’s hashrate contribution, much like contributing more shovels to a group treasure hunt.
按比例:根據礦工的算力貢獻分配獎勵,就像為集體尋寶貢獻更多鏟子一樣。
Pay Per Last N Groups: Miners are grouped into shifts and paid based on their shift contributions, akin to pirates working different shifts for reward distribution.
按最後 N 組付費:礦工被分為輪班,並根據他們的輪班貢獻獲得報酬,類似於海盜通過不同班次進行獎勵分配。
Which Hardware Optimizes Bitcoin Mining Speed?
哪一種硬體可以優化比特幣挖礦速度?
Utilizing optimal hardware is crucial for efficient Bitcoin mining:
利用最佳硬體對於高效的比特幣挖礦至關重要:
Central Processing Unit (CPU): While capable, CPUs resemble a manual search method, unable to keep up with today’s advanced technology.
中央處理器 (CPU):雖然功能強大,但 CPU 類似於手動搜尋方法,無法跟上當今的先進技術。
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): GPUs are more adept at handling mining tasks, akin to upgrading from manual searches to a faster search drone.
圖形處理單元 (GPU):GPU 更擅長處理挖掘任務,類似於從手動搜尋升級到更快的搜尋無人機。
How Hard is it to Solo Mine Bitcoin?
單獨開採比特幣有多難?
Solo mining pits an individual miner against the entire global network, making it an immensely challenging endeavor. The proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism ensures competition, with a solo miner’s chances of successfully finding a block being slim. Despite their mining rig’s power, individual miners find it almost impossible to compete without joining a pool.
單獨挖礦使單一礦工與整個全球網路對抗,這使其成為一項極具挑戰性的工作。工作量證明(PoW)共識機制確保了競爭,單獨礦工成功找到區塊的機會很小。儘管採礦設備很強大,但個體礦工發現如果不加入礦池就幾乎不可能參與競爭。
In Bitcoin’s nascent stages, solo mining was feasible due to fewer participants and higher block rewards. However, solo miners today often turn to pools or even cloud mining services, where they lease hash power to mitigate costs and enhance their earning potential.
在比特幣的初期階段,由於參與者較少且區塊獎勵較高,單獨挖礦是可行的。然而,如今的獨立礦工經常轉向礦池甚至雲端挖礦服務,他們租用算力來降低成本並提高獲利潛力。
Frequently Asked Questions
常見問題解答
Q: What happens when all Bitcoin are mined?
Q:當所有比特幣都被開採完後會發生什麼事?
A: When the maximum supply is reached, miners will still validate transactions, earning rewards in the form of transaction fees.
答:當達到最大供應量時,礦工仍會驗證交易,以交易費的形式獲得獎勵。
Q: Why is Bitcoin halving important?
Q:為什麼比特幣減半很重要?
A: Halving reduces the supply of new Bitcoin, creating scarcity and potentially increasing value, thus preserving Bitcoin’s deflationary model.
答:減半減少了新比特幣的供應,造成了稀缺性並可能增加價值,保留了比特幣的通貨緊縮模型。
Q: How does a mining pool work?
Q:礦池如何運作?
A: Mining pools combine the computational power of multiple miners to increase the chances of solving blocks, sharing the rewards proportionally among members.
答:礦池結合多個礦工的算力來增加解決區塊的機會,並在成員之間按比例分享獎勵。
To delve further into the world of Bitcoin mining, websites like CoinDesk and Blockchain.com provide a wealth of information. They are excellent starting points for anyone interested in the technical intricacies and economic impact of this pivotal component of the cryptocurrency network.
為了進一步深入了解比特幣挖礦的世界,CoinDesk 和 Blockchain.com 等網站提供了大量資訊。對於任何對加密貨幣網路這一關鍵組成部分的技術複雜性和經濟影響感興趣的人來說,它們都是極好的起點。
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