THORChain：去中心化跨鏈交換終極指南

有沒有想過如何在不依賴中介的情況下直接在不同的區塊鏈之間交易加密貨幣？ THORChain 讓這一切成為可能

Ever wished you could trade cryptocurrencies directly between different blockchains without needing an intermediary or resorting to wrapped tokens? Well, THORChain makes this possible by allowing seamless, secure swaps across blockchains, all while keeping your assets under your control. Here's a closer look at how it works and what it brings to decentralized trading.

您是否曾經希望可以直接在不同的區塊鏈之間交易加密貨幣，而無需中介或訴諸包裝代幣？好吧，THORChain 透過允許跨區塊鏈的無縫、安全交換來實現這一點，同時讓您的資產處於您的控制之下。以下詳細介紹了它的工作原理以及它對去中心化交易的影響。

What is THORChain?

什麼是雷神鏈？

Picture a marketplace where traders from various countries can exchange goods in their currencies without worrying about conversions or exchange fees. This kind of direct trading was challenging before THORChain's advancements.

想像一個市場，來自不同國家的交易者可以用自己的貨幣交換商品，而不必擔心兌換或兌換費用。在 THORChain 進步之前，這種直接交易是具有挑戰性的。

Now, let's say you have Bitcoin but want to trade it for Ethereum. Typically, you'd need to go through a centralized exchange or use wrapped versions of the tokens, which adds complexity and risk. With THORChain, you can make the swap directly. As a result, your Bitcoin stays Bitcoin, and your Ethereum stays Ethereum, without any third-party involvement.

現在，假設您擁有比特幣，但想用它交換以太坊。通常，您需要透過集中交換或使用代幣的包裝版本，這會增加複雜性和風險。使用THORChain，您可以直接進行交換。因此，您的比特幣仍然是比特幣，您的以太坊仍然是以太坊，無需任何第三方參與。

THORChain simplifies the trading process by eliminating third parties and improving security and decentralization. You can control your assets all the time during the transaction. This is a change from previous models where you had to go through an exchange to manage the swap.

THORChain 透過消除第三方並提高安全性和去中心化來簡化交易流程。交易過程中您可以隨時掌控您的資產。這與先前的模型有所不同，先前的模型必須透過交易所來管理交換。

How does THORChain keep the protocol secure and decentralized?

THORChain 如何保證協議的安全性和去中心化？

With THORChain, security and decentralization are embedded in the protocol. One of the key elements keeping THORChain secure is its focus on economic security. The system was designed so bad actors would lose more money than they could gain by trying to cheat the system.

THORChain 將安全性和去中心化嵌入協議中。確保 THORChain 安全的關鍵因素之一是其對經濟安全的關注。這個系統的設計使得不良行為者損失的錢比他們試圖欺騙系統所獲得的錢更多。

Another layer of security comes from validator selection and the high churn rates of nodes. Validators are selected randomly and are regularly rotated out. This means no single validator or group of validators can gain too much power, which helps prevent centralization.

另一層安全性來自驗證者選擇和節點的高流失率。驗證者是隨機選擇的，並且定期輪換。這意味著任何一個驗證者或一組驗證者都無法獲得過多的權力，這有助於防止集中化。

Then there’s the Nakamoto Coefficient, a metric that measures how decentralized a blockchain is. THORChain keeps a high Nakamoto Coefficient by making sure that power is shared among many different validators. This makes it hard for any one person to control the network. This decentralized structure is critical because it protects against attacks and keeps THORChain open and secure.

然後是中本聰係數，這是衡量區塊鏈去中心化程度的指標。 THORChain 確保在許多不同的驗證者之間共享權力來保持較高的中本聰係數。這使得任何人都很難控製網路。這種去中心化的結構至關重要，因為它可以防止攻擊並保持 THORChain 的開放和安全。

How does RUNE help THORChain?

RUNE 如何幫助 THORChain？

Every swap on THORChain involves RUNE, which ensures liquidity and seamless exchanges between cryptocurrencies. Also, validators must bond RUNE as collateral to participate in securing the network. If they misbehave, they stand to lose their bonded RUNE, which keeps them motivated to act in the network's best interests.

THORChain 上的每次交換都涉及 RUNE，這確保了加密貨幣之間的流動性和無縫交換。此外，驗證者必須將 RUNE 作為抵押品來參與保護網路。如果他們行為不當，他們就會失去綁定的 RUNE，這讓他們有動力以網路的最佳利益行事。

Meanwhile, THORChain aims to minimize governance within its protocol. This approach ensures that nodes don’t communicate with or identify with each other, which THORChain feels is crucial for maintaining security. By preventing nodes from collaborating, the network reduces the risk of nodes acting together to take control of the protocol.

同時，THORChain 的目標是最大限度地減少其協議內的治理。這種方法確保節點不會相互通訊或相互識別，THORChain 認為這對於維護安全性至關重要。透過阻止節點協作，網路降低了節點共同控制協定的風險。

How does THORChain handle cross-chain swapping?

THORChain 如何處理跨鏈交換？

THORChain has a unique way of handling cross-chain swaps, which relies on the Bifröst Protocol. Bifröst acts as the bridge connecting different blockchains, allowing them to trade assets easily.

THORChain 有一種獨特的方式來處理跨鏈交換，該方式依賴 Bifröst 協定。 Bifröst 充當連接不同區塊鏈的橋樑，使它們能夠輕鬆地進行資產交易。

Whether you’re dealing with Bitcoin, Ethereum, or any other blockchain, the Bifröst Protocol ensures these swaps happen smoothly. Each blockchain has its own language and way of handling transactions. Bitcoin uses UTXO (Unspent Transaction Output), while Ethereum uses EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) to manage smart contracts. The Bifröst Protocol helps blockchains talk to each other.

無論您處理的是比特幣、以太坊還是任何其他區塊鏈，Bifröst 協議都能確保這些交換順利進行。每個區塊鏈都有自己的語言和處理交易的方式。比特幣使用UTXO（未花費交易輸出），而以太坊則使用EVM（以太坊虛擬機器）來管理智慧合約。 Bifröst 協定幫助區塊鏈相互通訊。

This means a Bitcoin transaction can work directly with an Ethereum contract, and vice versa. This ability to handle different types of chains — whether UTXO, EVM, or others — makes THORChain swapping incredibly versatile.

這意味著比特幣交易可以直接與以太坊合約一起使用，反之亦然。這種處理不同類型鏈（無論是 UTXO、EVM 或其他）的能力使得 THORChain 交換具有難以置信的多功能性。

What are THORChain's key features?

THORChain 的主要特點是什麼？

THORChain offers continuous liquidity pools. Unlike traditional liquidity pools that might dry up or become imbalanced, THORChain’s pools are designed to be always available and self-balancing. This makes sure that no matter when you’re looking to swap assets, there’s always enough liquidity to make it happen smoothly.

THORChain 提供持續的流動性池。與可能枯竭或失衡的傳統流動性池不同，THORChain 的流動性池被設計為始終可用且自我平衡。這可以確保無論您何時尋求資產交換，總有足夠的流動性使其順利進行。

There’s also the incentive pendulum, which helps balance the network between validators and liquidity providers. If too many resources are allocated to one side, the incentives shift to encourage more participation on the other. This balanced structure helps to keep the network healthy and well-distributed.

還有激勵鐘擺，它有助於平衡驗證者和流動性提供者之間的網路。如果過多的資源分配給一方，激勵措施就會轉向鼓勵另一方更多的參與。這種平衡的結構有助於保持網路的健康和分佈良好。

There’s also asynchronous network upgrades. Rather than pausing the entire network for an upgrade, THORChain allows different parts of the network to be upgraded independently and seamlessly. This reduces downtime and minimizes the impact of changes on the community, eliminating any complications that come with a traditional network upgrade.

還有非同步網路升級。 THORChain 讓網路的不同部分獨立、無縫地升級，而不是暫停整個網路進行升級。這減少了停機時間並最大限度地減少了變化對社區的影響，消除了傳統網路升級帶來的任何複雜性。

Finally, liquidity-sensitive fees are a feature designed to keep transaction costs fair. The fees adjust based on the liquidity of the pool, ensuring that swaps are cost-effective without compromising the stability of the pools themselves.

最後，流動性敏感的費用是一項旨在維持交易成本公平的功能。費用根據礦池的流動性進行調整，確保互換具有成本效益，而不會影響礦池本身的穩定性。