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Bernie Bloom 認為,克服區塊鏈三難困境需要建立可擴展至 EB 級並與智能合約無縫整合的儲存解決方案。
Serial entrepreneur Bernie Bloom, who co-founded Xandeum Labs, has shared his thoughts on the blockchain trilemma, storage solutions, and the future of Web3 with Bitcoin.com News in written responses.
Xandeum Labs 聯合創辦人、連續創業家 Bernie Bloom 在書面回覆中與 Bitcoin.com News 分享了他對區塊鏈三難困境、儲存解決方案和 Web3 未來的看法。
Bloom, a blockchain developer with decades of experience, is known for his contributions to the industry. He has worked on several projects, including Xandeum, which aims to add a scalable storage layer to smart contract blockchains.
Bloom 是一位擁有數十年經驗的區塊鏈開發人員,以其對該行業的貢獻而聞名。他參與了多個項目,包括 Xandeum,該項目旨在為智慧合約區塊鏈添加可擴展的儲存層。
In this interview, Bloom shares his insights on the challenges faced by the blockchain industry and how Xandeum’s technology can help overcome them.
在本次訪談中,Bloom 分享了他對區塊鏈產業面臨的挑戰以及 Xandeum 技術如何幫助克服這些挑戰的見解。
Bitcoin.com News (BCN): The blockchain trilemma, as you know, has been a long-standing challenge in the Web3 industry. While newer blockchain solutions have offered significant scalability, they often address only one aspect of the problem. As a blockchain developer who has witnessed the industry’s evolution, how well do you believe the blockchain sector has tackled this problem?
Bitcoin.com News (BCN):如您所知,區塊鏈三難困境一直是 Web3 產業長期面臨的挑戰。雖然較新的區塊鏈解決方案提供了顯著的可擴展性,但它們通常只解決問題的一方面。作為見證了產業發展的區塊鏈開發者,您認為區塊鏈產業在解決這個問題方面的表現如何?
Bernie Bloom (BB): Thanks for that great question. That is the very reason I started working on this trilemma – I can’t see anyone else focusing on this, and I do believe it’s a huge problem that is preventing web3 from getting wide adoption.
伯尼布魯姆 (BB):謝謝你提出這個好問題。這就是我開始研究這個三難問題的原因——我看不到其他人關注這個問題,而且我確實相信這是阻礙 web3 廣泛採用的巨大問題。
We need a storage solution, scalable to exabytes and beyond, that is both random access and is actually built for, with and into smart contracts. So that we can make that “world computer” – that smart contract blockchains are – whole. The only place to store stuff in smart contracts today are accounts – and these accounts just don’t scale with regard to capacity. They are just the RAM of the world computer. Xandeum is adding the badly needed disk.
我們需要一個可擴展至 EB 級甚至更高的存儲解決方案,它既是隨機訪問,又實際上是為智能合約構建的。這樣我們就可以讓「世界電腦」——也就是智慧合約區塊鏈——變得完整。如今,在智能合約中儲存內容的唯一地方是帳戶,而這些帳戶的容量無法擴展。它們只是世界電腦的 RAM。 Xandeum 正在增加急需的磁碟。
BCN: When discussing scalability, many people focus on transaction speed. They believe newer blockchains with high transactions per second (TPS) have solved scalability issues. However, storage scalability is equally crucial. How has the blockchain industry performed in this area?
BCN:在討論可擴展性時,許多人關注的是交易速度。他們相信每秒交易量(TPS)較高的新型區塊鏈已經解決了可擴展性問題。然而,儲存可擴充性同樣重要。區塊鏈產業在這方面的表現如何?
BB: Yes I hear that all the time: “Why does Solana need a scaling solution?”. It is true that the blockchain industry has achieved great success in scaling. For TPS, that is. We have Solana, Ethereum L2s, Avalanche, etc. However – none of them is even trying to address the need for a scalable storage layer. We are lacking a crucial component here. There is a major gap in what the blockchain industry has delivered so far.
BB:是的,我一直聽到這樣的話:「為什麼 Solana 需要擴展解決方案?」。確實,區塊鏈產業在規模化方面取得了巨大成功。對 TPS 來說,就是這樣。我們有 Solana、以太坊 L2、Avalanche 等。我們這裡缺少一個關鍵的組成部分。迄今為止,區塊鏈產業所交付的成果仍存在重大差距。
BCN: The blockchain industry has evolved in stages, with Web3 currently dominating. To reach its full potential, however, improvements are needed. Regarding storage, do you consider storage scalability challenges a significant obstacle to mainstream adoption?
BCN:區塊鏈產業經歷了階段性的發展,目前以Web3為主。然而,為了充分發揮其潛力,還需要進行改進。關於存儲,您認為存儲可擴展性挑戰是否是主流採用的重大障礙?
BB: Yes, absolutely. If Web3 is supposed to take over from Web2, it must have some base technology to support a wide spectrum of apps, just as web2 has. We made blockchain programmable in 2015 – but that is just giving us the CPU and RAM of a huge platform to run apps on. The storage is missing.
BB:是的,絕對是如此。如果 Web3 要取代 Web2,它必須擁有一些基礎技術來支援廣泛的應用程序,就像 web2 一樣。我們在 2015 年實現了區塊鏈可編程——但這只是為我們提供了一個巨大平台的 CPU 和 RAM 來運行應用程式。儲存遺失。
BCN: Can you share examples of how the lack of storage scalability has hindered or slowed down blockchain achievements? What are the potential problems the industry may face if the storage scalability bottleneck is not properly addressed?
BCN:您能否舉例說明儲存可擴展性的缺乏如何阻礙或減緩了區塊鏈的成就?如果儲存擴充瓶頸無法妥善解決,業界可能面臨哪些潛在問題?
BB: One simple example is a decentralized version of Wikipedia. People have been arguing about that in the past few years. While Wikipedia is “open”, meaning “anyone” can access and edit, it is still 100% centralized in the sense that a single organization, and in the of Wikipedia likely a single person, can do anything to the Wikipedia database: Censor you, erase you edit history, even add fake edits under your name. The content moderation policies are also being created and enforced in a centralized way.
BB:一個簡單的例子是維基百科的去中心化版本。過去幾年,人們一直在爭論這個問題。雖然維基百科是“開放的”,意味著“任何人”都可以訪問和編輯,但它仍然是100% 中心化的,因為單一組織(在維基百科中可能是單個人)可以對維基百科資料庫做任何事情:審查你,刪除您的編輯歷史記錄,甚至在您的名字下添加虛假編輯。內容審核政策也以集中方式創建和執行。
There are a lot of voices calling for a decentralized version of Wikipedia. Xandeum is actually building Xandipedia as their first demo app. The Wikipedia database is about 250GB, so it cannot be stored in accounts – we need scalable storage for that. Xandipedia will demo the power of Xandeum to the world. And it’s easy to see: If we can decentralize Wikipedia, we can decentralize Airbnb, Ebay, X, and so much more.
有許多聲音呼籲建立去中心化版本的維基百科。 Xandeum 實際上正在建立 Xandipedia 作為他們的第一個演示應用程式。維基百科資料庫大約有 250GB,因此無法儲存在帳戶中 - 我們需要可擴展的儲存空間。 Xandipedia 將向世界展示 Xandeum 的力量。很容易看出:如果我們可以分散維基百科,我們就可以分散 Airbnb、Ebay、X 等等。
BCN: Two elements are basic in the storage system of blockchains: Random Access and Smart Contracts. Could you break these down for our users, explaining what these are, the roles they play, and what stakeholders in the blockchain industry can do to optimize these elements and achieve storage scalability?
BCN:區塊鏈儲存系統有兩個基本要素:隨機存取和智慧合約。您能否為我們的用戶分解這些內容,解釋它們是什麼、它們扮演的角色,以及區塊鏈行業的利益相關者可以採取哪些措施來優化這些元素並實現儲存可擴展性?
BB: We already have scalable decentralized storage, such as Filecoin, Arweave etc. But – as you are pointing out – these are not smart contract native and in many cases not random access. When I say random access I mean something like a Unix file system, where you can open files for reading or writing, position (seek) to any position within the file, read or (over)write an arbitrary number of bytes, delete files etc. These file system like, random access structures have been proven
BB:我們已經擁有可擴展的去中心化存儲,例如 Filecoin、Arweave 等。當我說隨機存取時,我指的是類似於Unix 檔案系統的東西,您可以在其中開啟檔案進行讀取或寫入、定位(查找)到檔案中的任何位置、讀取或(覆蓋)寫入任意數量的位元組、刪除檔案等這些檔案系統之類的隨機存取結構已被證明。
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