比特幣 Layer 2 的崛起：序數打開了實驗的潘朵拉魔盒

Ordinals 的引入引發了比特幣生態系統內的創新浪潮，特別是透過各種第 2 層實現。其中包括各種基於匯總的第 2 層、錨定鏈、側鏈、狀態通道、流動性池和權益證明 L2，所有這些都旨在增強比特幣的可擴展性和功能。

The introduction of Ordinals within the Bitcoin ecosystem has indirectly sparked a wave of innovation, particularly regarding Layer 2 (L2) implementations. This includes a diverse array of solutions such as rollups, anchored-chains, sidechains, state channels, liquidity pools, and even Proof of Stake and staking L2s. These advancements bring new features and capabilities, bridging the gap between Bitcoin’s conservative “sound money, store of value” philosophy and the more experimental and versatile world of Ethereum’s DeFi and Web3 ecosystems.

比特幣生態系統中 Ordinals 的引入間接引發了一股創新浪潮，特別是在第 2 層 (L2) 實施方面。這包括各種解決方案，例如匯總、錨鏈、側鏈、狀態通道、流動性池，甚至是權益證明和 Stake L2。這些進步帶來了新的功能和功能，彌合了比特幣保守的「健全貨幣、價值儲存」理念與以太坊 DeFi 和 Web3 生態系統更具實驗性和多功能性的世界之間的差距。

Drivechains, for example, are a notable Layer 2 solution proposed to enhance Bitcoin’s functionality without altering its core protocol. They allow for the creation of sidechains where altcoins can operate on Bitcoin, facilitating permissionless experimentation, new features, and improved scalability. This model eliminates inter-token competition and integrates successful altcoin innovations into Bitcoin, potentially making altcoins obsolete.

例如，驅動鍊是一種著名的第 2 層解決方案，旨在增強比特幣的功能而不改變其核心協議。它們允許創建側鏈，山寨幣可以在比特幣上運行，從而促進無需許可的實驗、新功能和改進的可擴展性。這種模式消除了代幣之間的競爭，並將成功的山寨幣創新整合到比特幣中，從而可能使山寨幣變得過時。

Rollups represent another critical innovation within Bitcoin’s Layer 2 landscape. These off-chain scaling solutions process transactions outside the main blockchain and then post summarised data back to Bitcoin’s Layer 1. This method enhances transaction throughput and reduces fees, addressing scalability issues. There are several types of rollups being explored, including optimistic rollups, which assume transactions are valid by default but can be disputed, and Zero Knowledge (ZK) rollups, which use cryptographic proofs to ensure transaction validity without revealing underlying data.

Rollup 代表了比特幣第 2 層領域的另一項關鍵創新。這些鏈下擴展解決方案處理主區塊鏈以外的交易，然後將匯總數據發布回比特幣的第 1 層。目前正在探索幾種類型的匯總，包括樂觀匯總（默認情況下假設交易有效但可能存在爭議）和零知識（ZK）匯總（使用加密證明來確保交易有效性而不洩露底層數據）。

The development of other Layer 2 solutions like state channels, anchored-chains, and liquidity pools introduces additional functionalities to Bitcoin like smart contract capabilities and full Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) compatibility. State channels enable instant and low-cost transactions by allowing multiple transactions off-chain before recording the final state on-chain. Anchored-chains provide a way to secure additional blockchains using Bitcoin’s Proof of Work (PoW) consensus, while liquidity pools facilitate Decentralised Finance (DeFi) applications on Bitcoin by enabling users to pool their assets for lending, borrowing, and trading.

其他第 2 層解決方案（如狀態通道、錨定鍊和流動性池）的開發為比特幣引入了額外的功能，例如智慧合約功能和完整的以太坊虛擬機器 (EVM) 相容性。狀態通道透過在鏈上記錄最終狀態之前允許鏈外進行多個交易來實現即時且低成本的交易。錨定鏈提供了一種使用比特幣工作量證明（PoW）共識來保護額外區塊鏈的方法，而流動性池則透過使用戶能夠匯集資產進行借貸和交易，促進比特幣上的去中心化金融（DeFi）應用。

The advent of Ordinals has catalysed a significant expansion in Bitcoin’s Layer 2 ecosystem, bringing a variety of innovative solutions that enhance its functionality and scalability. L2.watch, a site which tracks Bitcoin L2 projects, currently tracks 85 different projects in the space, which are currently working on expanding Bitcoin’s L2 capabilities in one way or another. These advancements bridge the traditional gap between Bitcoin’s conservative monetary approach and the experimental DeFi and Web3 features prevalent in Ethereum. By incorporating solutions like sidechains, rollups, state channels, and liquidity pools, Bitcoin is poised to offer a more versatile and comprehensive platform while maintaining its core principles of security and decentralisation.

Ordinals 的出現促進了比特幣第 2 層生態系統的顯著擴展，帶來了各種創新解決方案，增強了其功能和可擴展性。 L2.watch 是一個追蹤比特幣 L2 項目的網站，目前追蹤該領域的 85 個不同項目，這些項目目前正致力於以某種方式擴展比特幣的 L2 功能。這些進步彌合了比特幣保守的貨幣方法與以太坊中流行的實驗性 DeFi 和 Web3 功能之間的傳統差距。透過整合側鏈、匯總、狀態通道和流動性池等解決方案，比特幣有望提供一個更通用和全面的平台，同時保持其安全性和去中心化的核心原則。