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韓國是實體資產部分投資的較早採用者,這一趨勢在 COVID-19 大流行期間激增。缺乏大量資金但尋求多樣化投資策略的年輕投資者熱切地擁抱這些機會。
Korea was among the first movers in the realm of fractional investing in physical assets, a trend that surged notably during the COVID-19 pandemic. Young investors, lacking substantial capital yet seeking diverse investment strategies, eagerly embraced these opportunities. The range of products on offer is broad, including art, real estate and even livestock.
韓國是實體資產部分投資領域的先驅之一,這一趨勢在 COVID-19 大流行期間顯著激增。缺乏大量資金但尋求多樣化投資策略的年輕投資者熱切地擁抱這些機會。提供的產品範圍廣泛,包括藝術品、房地產甚至牲畜。
However, in 2022, the market faced setbacks when financial authorities determined that such investments bore the characteristics of securities. While some projects managed to restructure and enter a regulatory sandbox, many others stalled. The industry has continued to call for legislation and comprehensive guidelines.
然而,到了2022年,當金融當局認定此類投資具有證券特徵時,市場遭遇挫折。雖然一些項目成功重組並進入監管沙箱,但許多其他項目卻陷入停滯。該行業繼續呼籲立法和全面的指導方針。
"It will be around 2027 for the security token offering (STO) market to fully mature once legislation is enacted. Korea has significantly fallen behind in this area ... like a store that only accepts cash while others accept both cash and cards," said Lee Se-il, head of Shinhan Investment & Securities' blockchain department, at a discussion co-hosted by Rep. Kim Jae-sub and Rep. Min Byoung-dug at the National Assembly on Sept. 4.
「一旦立法頒布,證券型代幣發行(STO)市場將在2027 年左右完全成熟。韓國在這一領域明顯落後……就像一家商店只接受現金,而其他商店則同時接受現金和銀行卡。 「新韓投資證券區塊鏈部門負責人李世一 (Lee Se-il) 在 9 月 4 日國會由議員 Kim Jae-sub 和議員 Min Byoung-dug 共同主持的討論中表示。
Tokenized securities represent fractional ownership of physical or financial assets, issued via blockchain technology. By 2030, they are projected to account for 10 percent of global GDP, according to Samil PwC Business Research, ultimately converting all the world's physical assets and intellectual property in the form of tokenized securities.
代幣化證券代表透過區塊鏈技術發行的實體或金融資產的部分所有權。根據 Samil PwC Business Research 的數據,到 2030 年,它們預計將佔全球 GDP 的 10%,最終將世界上所有的實體資產和智慧財產權轉化為代幣化證券的形式。
A legislative push is gaining traction in the 22nd National Assembly, with Rep. Kim of the ruling People Power Party and Rep. Min from the main opposition Democratic Party both preparing to propose a bill.
立法推動在第22屆國會中越來越受到關注,執政黨人民力量黨的金議員和主要反對黨民主黨的議員敏都準備提出一項法案。
The new measures are expected to apply the same regulations governing securities, along with detailed ordinances addressing sanctions and other concerns.
預計新措施將適用相同的證券監管法規,以及解決制裁和其他問題的詳細條例。
"Both ruling and opposition parties have committed to the swift institutionalization of tokenized securities in their policy platforms, so we can expect legislation in the second half of the year," said NH Investment & Securities analyst Yoon Yoo-dong.
NH Investment & Securities 分析師 Yoon Yoo-dong 表示:“執政黨和反對黨都致力於在其政策平台中迅速實現代幣化證券的製度化,因此我們預計立法將在今年下半年出台。”
The recent appointment of Yoon Chang-hyun as head of KOSCOM, an IT system provider owned by the Korea Exchange, has also bolstered hopes for STO's legalization. Yoon had previously pushed for STO laws in the 21st Assembly, but the effort stalled and the bill was dismissed amid political battles among the political parties.
最近任命 Yoon Chang-hyun 為韓國交易所旗下 IT 系統供應商 KOSCOM 的負責人,也增強了人們對 STO 合法化的希望。尹此前曾在第21屆國會推動STO立法,但該努力陷入停滯,該法案因政黨之間的政治鬥爭而被駁回。
Rep. Kim Jae-sub from the ruling People Power Party speaks during a discussion on the legalization of security token offerings at the National Assembly, Sept. 4. The discussion was co-hosted by Kim and Rep. Min Byoung-dug from the opposition Democratic Party of Korea. Both legislators are preparing to introduce a bill in the 22nd National Assembly. Courtesy of Rep. Kim Jae-sub
9 月 4 日,執政黨人民力量黨議員 Kim Jae-sub 在國會討論證券型代幣發行合法化問題時發表講話。兩位議員正準備向第22屆國會提出法案。眾議員 Kim Jae-sub 提供
While the market welcomes this progress, a mixture of optimism and concern persists.
儘管市場對此進展表示歡迎,但樂觀與擔憂的情緒仍然存在。
"If there are 100 companies looking to run business, only five to 10 will be proved 'real' ones as time goes by," Lee Jun-han, general manager at VMIC Aviation, told The Korea Times.
VMIC Aviation 總經理 Lee Jun-han 告訴《韓國時報》:“如果有 100 家公司尋求開展業務,隨著時間的推移,只有 5 到 10 家公司能夠被證明是‘真正’的。”
VMIC, an aviation asset management firm, is a member of an STO consortium for aircraft engine sharing, the only initiative to be granted sandbox status by the financial authorities in the past two years.
VMIC 是一家航空資產管理公司,是飛機發動機共享 STO 聯盟的成員,這是過去兩年中唯一被金融當局授予沙箱地位的舉措。
"By mitigating these risks (the absence of legalization), more robust business models can be created, and the market can become more active," Lee said, pointing to Singapore's Monetary Authority, which has established explicit guidelines for tokenized securities businesses and eligible investors.
李說:「透過減輕這些風險(缺乏合法化),可以創造更穩健的商業模式,市場也可以變得更加活躍。」他指的是新加坡金融管理局,該機構為代幣化證券業務和合格投資者制定了明確的指導方針。
Meanwhile, startups that pioneered the concept in Korea are grappling with growing competition. Securities firms, backed by substantial capital, are accelerating their entry by forming multiple consortiums.
與此同時,在韓國開創這一概念的新創公司正在努力應對日益激烈的競爭。券商憑藉著雄厚的資本,透過組成多個聯合體加速進入。
"In every industry, the survival of the fittest is inevitable. But honestly, we worry about whether there's a room for us," said Lucent Block CEO Huh Se-young, also at the discussion hosted by Rep. Kim and Min. His startup, founded in Nov. 2018, specializes in tokenizing real estate.
Lucent Block 執行長 Huh Se-young 在議員 Kim 和 Min 主持的討論中表示:“在每個行業,優勝劣汰是不可避免的。但說實話,我們擔心是否有自己的空間。”他的新創公司成立於 2018 年 11 月,專注於房地產代幣化。
Yet, ultimately, the financial market will judge these ventures based on their ability to gain traction, regardless of STO classification itself, according to Anna Liu, general manager of tokenization at HashKey Group.
然而,HashKey Group 代幣化總經理 Anna Liu 表示,最終,金融市場將根據這些企業獲得吸引力的能力來評判這些企業,而不管 STO 分類本身如何。
"Turning the proof of concept stage into real commercial use while sustaining the momentum and ensuring profits are vital. If we can't profit, it's not effective, and it won't contribute meaning to the market," Liu told The Korea Times.
「將概念驗證階段轉變為真正的商業用途,同時保持勢頭並確保利潤至關重要。如果我們無法盈利,那就沒有效果,也不會對市場做出任何貢獻,」劉告訴韓國時報。
Legislation is the first step to address these challenges.
立法是應對這些挑戰的第一步。
"Many Korean retail investors are involved in crypto and are token holders. If you don't allow them to trade, do you think they will go to other jurisdictions' exchanges, like unregulated exchanges abroad? Probably yes. Is there a better way to protect them? Probably yes as well."
「許多韓國散戶參與加密貨幣,並且是代幣持有者。如果你不允許他們交易,你認為他們會去其他司法管轄區的交易所,例如國外不受監管的交易所嗎?可能會。
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