國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）已更新了其付款標準的平衡，以說明數字資產的不斷增長。

在其最新的第七版付款手冊（BPM7）中，IMF包括付款餘額等加密貨幣，例如比特幣（BTC）。

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has updated its balance of payments standards to account for the rising influence of digital assets, marking a significant development in the global economic landscape.

國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）已更新了其支付標準的平衡，以說明數字資產的影響力上升，這標誌著全球經濟格局的重大發展。

The updates were made in the seventh edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM7), a collaborative effort spanning over 10 years with input from 160 countries. The manual provides a framework for countries to measure and report their economic transactions with the rest of the world.

更新是在第七版《付款手冊》（BPM7）中進行的，這是一項合作努力，涵蓋了10年以上的160個國家的投入。該手冊為各國提供了一個框架，以衡量和報告與世界其他地區的經濟交易。

The new standards, released on March 20, include guidance on how to classify and report transactions in cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin (BTC) and ether (ETH), in balance of payments and international investment position statistics.

3月20日發布的新標準包括有關如何對加密貨幣進行分類和報告交易的指南，例如比特幣（BTC）和Ether（ETH），付款和國際投資狀況統計。

The updated manual, first announced in May 2023, marks the first time that the IMF has included detailed guidance on digital assets in its global statistical standards.

該更新的手冊於2023年5月首次宣布，標誌著國際貨幣基金組織首次在其全球統計標準中詳細介紹了數字資產的詳細指南。

The updated manual will be applied by individual countries according to their specific needs and the nature of the transactions taking place within their economies.

單個國家將根據其特定需求以及經濟體內進行的交易的性質應用更新的手冊。

Non-Productive Assets

非生產資產

The IMF's analysis categorizes crypto assets like Bitcoin, which are not linked to liabilities and serve as a medium of exchange, as non-produced nonfinancial assets and are to be recorded in the capital account.

國際貨幣基金組織的分析對比特幣等加密資產進行了分析，該資產與負債無關，並用作交換媒介，作為非生產的非財務資產，並將記錄在資本帳戶中。

In practice, this would mean cross-border crypto transactions involving assets like Bitcoin will be tracked as acquisitions or sales of non-produced assets in the capital account.

在實踐中，這意味著涉及比特幣等資產的跨境加密交易將被跟踪，以收購或資本帳戶中未生產的資產的銷售。

"The classification of an asset as capital or financial depends on the characteristics of the claims, services, and products associated with the asset. In the case of a bitcoin, it is a non-productive, non-financial asset, and any cross-border transactions in bitcoin would be reported in the capital account as acquisitions less sales of non-produced non-financial assets," the IMF stated.

“將資產作為資本或財務的分類取決於與資產相關的索賠，服務和產品的特徵。在比特幣的情況下，它是一種非生產性的，非金融的資產，並且比特幣中的任何跨境交易都會在資本賬戶中報告，因為非生產非生產的非生產的非生產量的銷售額較少，因為該銷售較少。

Meanwhile, tokens tied to a platform, like Ethereum or Solana (SOL), may be treated like equity holdings in the financial account if the owner is from a different country than the token's origin.

同時，如果所有者來自與代幣的起源不同的國家，則與以太坊或索拉納（Sol）等平台相關的代幣可以像財務帳戶中一樣被視為股權。

For instance, if a UK investor holds Solana tokens from the US, it would be treated like owning foreign stocks, recorded as "equity crypto assets." The IMF highlights that, despite using cryptography, these assets are similar to standard equity when it comes to ownership rights.

例如，如果英國投資者從美國持有Solana代幣，它將被視為擁有外國股票，被記錄為“股票加密資產”。國際貨幣基金組織強調的是，儘管使用了密碼學，但這些資產與所有權時相似。

"In the case of a Solana token, the holder has a claim on a service enterprise—the Solana foundation—located in the U.S. Despite using cryptography, the rights and services are similar to those arising from the direct holding of, say, U.S. equities by a U.K. resident, which would be reported in the U.K. balance of payments in the financial account," the report stated.

“就索拉納令牌而言，儘管使用加密術，但持有人在美國的服務企業（Solana Foundation）上有索賠，但在美國，其權利和服務類似於由英國居民直接持有美國股票而產生的權利和服務，這將在英國在英國的付款餘額中報導，”報告是在英國的付款餘額中。”

The updated manual also provides guidance on how to report transactions in stablecoins, which are cryptocurrencies pegged to the value of a fiat currency. According to the IMF, stablecoins backed by liabilities, such as BUSD or USDC, would be classified as financial instruments, while those without liabilities, like Dai, would be included in the capital account.

該更新的手冊還提供了有關如何報告Stablecoins中的交易的指南，該交易是與法定貨幣的價值掛鉤的加密貨幣。根據國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）的說法，由BUSD或USDC等負債支持的Stablecoins將被歸類為金融工具，而沒有責任的人（例如DAI）將包括在資本帳戶中。

"If the issuer of the stablecoin is in a different country than the holder of the token, they would be included in the financial account, like other financial claims on the rest of the world. For example, if a U.K. resident holds BUSD, issued by a U.S. entity, it would be reported as U.S. liabilities to the U.K. in the financial account," the report explained.

“如果StableCoin的發行人與代幣的持有人不同，那麼它們將被包括在財務帳戶中，就像世界其他地區的其他財務索賠一樣。例如，如果英國居民持有由美國實體發行的BUSD，則將作為美國責任報告為美國的責任，”報告稱，這份報告說：”

Staking and Crypto Yields

樁和加密產

Furthermore, the IMF acknowledges the complexity of staking and crypto yields, noting that rewards from holding tokens could be treated like equity dividends and recorded as income, based on the size and purpose of the holdings.

此外，國際貨幣基金組織承認蓄積和加密貨幣產量的複雜性，並指出，持有代幣的獎勵可以像股票股息一樣對待，並根據持有的規模和目的將其視為收入。

"For instance, if a U.K. resident is a minor holder of Solana tokens and receives a share of the yield in the period, it would be treated as income in kind, similar to the receipt of dividends from a foreign enterprise," the report stated.

報告說：“例如，如果英國居民是Solana代幣的次要持有人，並在此期間獲得了收益率的份額，則將其視為實物收入，類似於從外國企業那裡收到股息。”

However, if the U.K. resident is a "major" holder or if the rewards are linked to services provided by the investor, they would be included in the financial or capital account, not as income.

但是，如果英國居民是“主要”持有人，或者獎勵與投資者提供的服務有關，則將其包括在金融或資本帳戶中，而不是收入。

The updated manual also includes guidance on how to report transactions in non-fungible tokens (NFTs). According to the IMF, NFTs would be classified as non-produced assets and reported in the capital account.

該更新的手冊還包括有關如何報告非誘使令牌（NFTS）的交易的指南。根據國際貨幣基金組織的數據，NFT將被歸類為非生產資產，並在資本帳戶中報告。

"The seller would report the transaction as a sale of a non-produced asset, while the buyer would report it as an acquisition of a non-produced asset," the report stated.

報告說：“賣方將報告該交易作為非生產資產的出售，而買方將其報告為對非生產資產的收購。”

Notably, this update helps countries better track the economic impact of digital assets. The IMF now treats activities like mining or staking, which help validate crypto transactions, as services. These will be included in computer services exports and imports.

值得注意的是，此更新有助於各國更好地跟踪數字資產的經濟影響。 IMF現在將諸如採礦或積累之類的活動視為有助於驗證加密交易作為服務的活動。這些將包含在計算機服務的出口和進口中。

"The services of specialized units performing these validation tasks would be classified within subcategory 844: Computer and information services. In the case of bitcoin mining, the services would be reported in the capital account," the report stated

報告說：“執行這些驗證任務的專業單元的服務將在子類別844：計算機和信息服務中分類。在比特幣挖掘的情況下，將在資本帳戶中報告服務。”