Ernst＆Young（EY）揭幕了Nightfall_4，零知識（ZK）滾動體系結構

區塊鍊和企業解決方案的全球領導者Ernst＆Young（EY）宣布對基於以太坊的2層擴展解決方案Nightfall進行了重大升級。

Ernst & Young (EY), a leading global professional services firm, has announced a major upgrade to its Ethereum-based layer-2 scaling solution, Nightfall. The new version, dubbed Nightfall_4, introduces a zero-knowledge (ZK) rollup architecture that eliminates the waiting period for transaction finality, significantly improving speed and efficiency.

全球領先的專業服務公司Ernst＆Young（EY）已宣布對基於以太坊的2層擴展解決方案夜幕降低。新版本稱為NightFall_4，引入了零知識（ZK）匯總體系結構，以消除交易終止的等待期，從而顯著提高速度和效率。

This upgrade pivots from the previous optimistic rollup design to a cryptographic model where transactions are verified before being submitted to the Ethereum mainnet. This adjustment removes the need for challenge periods, streamlining the blockchain’s architecture and enhancing its overall security.

這種升級從以前的樂觀匯總設計樞軸到加密模型，在該模型中，在提交到以太坊主網之前對交易進行了驗證。此調整消除了挑戰期的需求，簡化了區塊鏈的體系結構並增強了其整體安全性。

Why the Upgrade?

為什麼要升級？

Nightfall was initially launched as an optimistic rollup to provide enterprises with a scalable and private method for conducting transactions on Ethereum. While effective, optimistic rollups necessitate a “challenge period,” during which users must wait for a set time before their transactions are finalized to allow for fraud detection. This process, although designed for security, introduces latency that is not ideal for enterprises requiring rapid transaction completion.

夜幕降臨最初是作為樂觀的匯總推出的，可為企業提供一種可擴展的私人方法，用於對以太坊進行交易。雖然有效，樂觀的匯總需要“挑戰期”，在此期間，用戶必須等待設定的時間才能完成交易，以允許欺詐檢測。該過程雖然是為安全設計的，但卻引入了延遲，對於需要快速交易完成的企業而言並不理想。

In contrast, ZK-rollups, like Nightfall_4, use cryptographic proofs to immediately validate transactions. This ensures both speed and security while maintaining the privacy features that made Nightfall a favored solution among enterprises.

相反，ZK滾動（例如Nightfall_4）使用加密證明來立即驗證交易。這樣可以確保速度和安全性，同時保持隱私功能，使夜幕降臨成為企業中受歡迎的解決方案。

How Nightfall_4 Works

Nightfall_4的工作方式

Nightfall_4 leverages ZKPs to verify transactions before they are written to Ethereum’s blockchain. Unlike optimistic rollups, which rely on economic incentives and game-theoretic security models, ZK-rollups provide cryptographic guarantees that a transaction is valid before it is added to the blockchain. This means:

NightFall_4利用ZKP在將交易寫入以太坊區塊鏈之前驗證交易。與依靠經濟激勵措施和遊戲理論安全模型的樂觀匯總不同，ZK滾動提供加密保證，可以保證交易在將其添加到區塊鏈中之前是有效的。這意味著：

* No third parties or users need to monitor transactions for potential fraud.

*沒有第三方或用戶需要監視交易是否可能欺詐。

* Enterprises can rapidly deploy smart contracts and new applications on Nightfall_4, quickly adapting to changing business needs.

*企業可以在NightFall_4上快速部署智能合約和新應用程序，從而迅速適應不斷變化的業務需求。

* Nightfall_4 maintains the same level of privacy as previous versions, ensuring that only authorized parties can view transaction details.

* NightFall_4保持與以前版本相同的隱私級別，以確保只有授權方可以查看交易詳細信息。

According to Paul Brody, Global Blockchain Leader at EY, the move provides “the same privacy and scaling that version 3 enabled, but now with near-instant finality and a simplified architecture.”

根據EY的全球區塊鏈負責人保羅·布羅迪（Paul Brody）的說法，此舉提供了“啟用了版本3，但現在具有相同的隱私和擴展，但現在具有近乎固有的終結性和簡化的體系結構。”

Implications for Enterprises and Institutional Adoption

對企業和機構採用的影響

Enterprises have been increasingly seeking scalable blockchain solutions that do not compromise on security or privacy. Nightfall_4 appears to address these needs by enabling confidential transactions on Ethereum without the inefficiencies of previous models. The upgrade is expected to accelerate blockchain adoption across industries such as:

企業越來越多地尋求不妥協安全或隱私的可擴展區塊鏈解決方案。 NightFall_4似乎通過在以太坊上啟用機密交易而沒有先前模型的效率低下來滿足這些需求。預計該升級將加速跨行業的區塊鏈採用：

* Financial services, for cross-border payments and trade finance applications.

*金融服務，用於跨境支付和貿易融資申請。

* Supply chain management, to enhance transparency and traceability.

*供應鏈管理，以提高透明度和可追溯性。

* Healthcare, for secure data exchange and interoperability.

*醫療保健，用於安全數據交換和互操作性。

Moreover, this development aligns with broader trends in institutional crypto adoption. A recent survey by EY-Parthenon and Coinbase found that institutional investors are increasingly diversifying their holdings beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum. Notably, 34% of respondents reported owning XRP, exceeding the 30% allocation to Solana, while 25% held Dogecoin.

此外，這一發展與機構加密採用率更廣泛的趨勢相吻合。 Ey-Parthenon和Coinbase最近進行的一項調查發現，機構投資者越來越多地將其持股量多樣化，而不是比特幣和以太坊。值得注意的是，有34％的受訪者報告擁有XRP，超過了對Solana的30％分配，而25％的受訪者持有Dogecoin。

Challenges and Next Steps

挑戰和下一步

Despite the promising improvements, there are some technicalities. While EY has stated that Nightfall_4 and its supporting tools are publicly available, their GitHub repository has not yet been updated to reflect the changes to Nightfall_4. At the time of publication, attempting to access it results in a 404 error.

儘管有令人鼓舞的改進，但仍有一些技術。雖然EY表示NightFall_4及其支持工具已公開可用，但尚未更新其GitHub存儲庫來反映夜幕降臨_4的更改。在出版時，嘗試訪問它會導致404錯誤。

When asked for a comment on when the repository will be updated, a spokesperson for EY said: “We are making great progress on developing the next version of Nightfall, and we’ll be sure to share more details soon.”

當被問及何時更新存儲庫的評論時，EY發言人說：“我們在開發下一個夜幕降臨方面取得了長足的進步，我們一定會盡快分享更多細節。”

However, considering EY’s track record in blockchain innovation, it is likely that the new version will be fully documented and accessible in the near future.

但是，考慮到EY在區塊鏈創新中的往績記錄，新版本可能會在不久的將來被充分記錄和訪問。

The Broader Shift to Zero-Knowledge Proofs

更廣泛地轉向零知識證明

Nightfall_4 is part of a larger industry-wide movement toward ZK technology. Over the past year, several leading blockchain projects have integrated ZKPs to enhance scalability and privacy. Ethereum’s roadmap itself includes plans to transition toward a more ZK-centric ecosystem, with Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin highlighting ZK-rollups as a key component of Ethereum’s long-term scaling strategy.

NightFall_4是朝著ZK技術的整個行業發展的一部分。在過去的一年中，一些領先的區塊鏈項目已集成了ZKP，以增強可擴展性和隱私性。以太坊的路線圖本身包括向以ZK為中心的生態系統過渡的計劃，以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin強調ZK-Rollups是以太坊長期擴展策略的關鍵組成部分。

Additionally, competing layer-2 solutions, including StarkNet, zkSync, and Polygon’s zkEVM, have all made significant strides in integrating ZK technology. Now, EY’s Nightfall_4 joins this movement, highlighting the growing adoption of ZK-rollups by enterprises for improved performance and security.

此外，包括Starknet，Zksync和Polygon的ZKEVM在內的競爭第二層解決方案在整合ZK技術方面都取得了重大進步。現在，EY的Nightfall_4加入了這一運動，強調了企業對ZK滾動的不斷增長，以提高性能和安全性。