Ernst＆Young（EY）揭幕了Nightfall_4，零知识（ZK）滚动体系结构

区块链和企业解决方案的全球领导者Ernst＆Young（EY）宣布对基于以太坊的2层扩展解决方案Nightfall进行了重大升级。

Ernst & Young (EY), a leading global professional services firm, has announced a major upgrade to its Ethereum-based layer-2 scaling solution, Nightfall. The new version, dubbed Nightfall_4, introduces a zero-knowledge (ZK) rollup architecture that eliminates the waiting period for transaction finality, significantly improving speed and efficiency.

全球领先的专业服务公司Ernst＆Young（EY）已宣布对基于以太坊的2层扩展解决方案夜幕降低。新版本称为NightFall_4，引入了零知识（ZK）汇总体系结构，以消除交易终止的等待期，从而显着提高速度和效率。

This upgrade pivots from the previous optimistic rollup design to a cryptographic model where transactions are verified before being submitted to the Ethereum mainnet. This adjustment removes the need for challenge periods, streamlining the blockchain’s architecture and enhancing its overall security.

这种升级从以前的乐观汇总设计枢轴到加密模型，在该模型中，在提交到以太坊主网之前对交易进行了验证。此调整消除了挑战期的需求，简化了区块链的体系结构并增强了其整体安全性。

Why the Upgrade?

为什么要升级？

Nightfall was initially launched as an optimistic rollup to provide enterprises with a scalable and private method for conducting transactions on Ethereum. While effective, optimistic rollups necessitate a “challenge period,” during which users must wait for a set time before their transactions are finalized to allow for fraud detection. This process, although designed for security, introduces latency that is not ideal for enterprises requiring rapid transaction completion.

夜幕降临最初是作为乐观的汇总推出的，可为企业提供一种可扩展的私人方法，用于对以太坊进行交易。虽然有效，乐观的汇总需要“挑战期”，在此期间，用户必须等待设定的时间才能完成交易，以允许欺诈检测。该过程虽然是为安全设计的，但却引入了延迟，对于需要快速交易完成的企业而言并不理想。

In contrast, ZK-rollups, like Nightfall_4, use cryptographic proofs to immediately validate transactions. This ensures both speed and security while maintaining the privacy features that made Nightfall a favored solution among enterprises.

相反，ZK滚动（例如Nightfall_4）使用加密证明来立即验证交易。这样可以确保速度和安全性，同时保持隐私功能，使夜幕降临成为企业中受欢迎的解决方案。

How Nightfall_4 Works

Nightfall_4的工作方式

Nightfall_4 leverages ZKPs to verify transactions before they are written to Ethereum’s blockchain. Unlike optimistic rollups, which rely on economic incentives and game-theoretic security models, ZK-rollups provide cryptographic guarantees that a transaction is valid before it is added to the blockchain. This means:

NightFall_4利用ZKP在将交易写入以太坊区块链之前验证交易。与依靠经济激励措施和游戏理论安全模型的乐观汇总不同，ZK滚动提供加密保证，可以保证交易在将其添加到区块链中之前是有效的。这意味着：

* No third parties or users need to monitor transactions for potential fraud.

*没有第三方或用户需要监视交易是否可能欺诈。

* Enterprises can rapidly deploy smart contracts and new applications on Nightfall_4, quickly adapting to changing business needs.

*企业可以在NightFall_4上快速部署智能合约和新应用程序，从而迅速适应不断变化的业务需求。

* Nightfall_4 maintains the same level of privacy as previous versions, ensuring that only authorized parties can view transaction details.

* NightFall_4保持与以前版本相同的隐私级别，以确保只有授权方可以查看交易详细信息。

According to Paul Brody, Global Blockchain Leader at EY, the move provides “the same privacy and scaling that version 3 enabled, but now with near-instant finality and a simplified architecture.”

根据EY的全球区块链负责人保罗·布罗迪（Paul Brody）的说法，此举提供了“启用了版本3，但现在具有相同的隐私和扩展，但现在具有近乎固有的终结性和简化的体系结构。”

Implications for Enterprises and Institutional Adoption

对企业和机构采用的影响

Enterprises have been increasingly seeking scalable blockchain solutions that do not compromise on security or privacy. Nightfall_4 appears to address these needs by enabling confidential transactions on Ethereum without the inefficiencies of previous models. The upgrade is expected to accelerate blockchain adoption across industries such as:

企业越来越多地寻求不妥协安全或隐私的可扩展区块链解决方案。 NightFall_4似乎通过在以太坊上启用机密交易而没有先前模型的效率低下来满足这些需求。预计该升级将加速跨行业的区块链采用：

* Financial services, for cross-border payments and trade finance applications.

*金融服务，用于跨境支付和贸易融资申请。

* Supply chain management, to enhance transparency and traceability.

*供应链管理，以提高透明度和可追溯性。

* Healthcare, for secure data exchange and interoperability.

*医疗保健，用于安全数据交换和互操作性。

Moreover, this development aligns with broader trends in institutional crypto adoption. A recent survey by EY-Parthenon and Coinbase found that institutional investors are increasingly diversifying their holdings beyond Bitcoin and Ethereum. Notably, 34% of respondents reported owning XRP, exceeding the 30% allocation to Solana, while 25% held Dogecoin.

此外，这一发展与机构加密采用率更广泛的趋势相吻合。 Ey-Parthenon和Coinbase最近进行的一项调查发现，机构投资者越来越多地将其持股量多样化，而不是比特币和以太坊。值得注意的是，有34％的受访者报告拥有XRP，超过了对Solana的30％分配，而25％的受访者持有Dogecoin。

Challenges and Next Steps

挑战和下一步

Despite the promising improvements, there are some technicalities. While EY has stated that Nightfall_4 and its supporting tools are publicly available, their GitHub repository has not yet been updated to reflect the changes to Nightfall_4. At the time of publication, attempting to access it results in a 404 error.

尽管有令人鼓舞的改进，但仍有一些技术。虽然EY表示NightFall_4及其支持工具已公开可用，但尚未更新其GitHub存储库来反映夜幕降临_4的更改。在出版时，尝试访问它会导致404错误。

When asked for a comment on when the repository will be updated, a spokesperson for EY said: “We are making great progress on developing the next version of Nightfall, and we’ll be sure to share more details soon.”

当被问及何时更新存储库的评论时，EY发言人说：“我们在开发下一个夜幕降临方面取得了长足的进步，我们一定会尽快分享更多细节。”

However, considering EY’s track record in blockchain innovation, it is likely that the new version will be fully documented and accessible in the near future.

但是，考虑到EY在区块链创新中的往绩记录，新版本可能会在不久的将来被充分记录和访问。

The Broader Shift to Zero-Knowledge Proofs

更广泛地转向零知识证明

Nightfall_4 is part of a larger industry-wide movement toward ZK technology. Over the past year, several leading blockchain projects have integrated ZKPs to enhance scalability and privacy. Ethereum’s roadmap itself includes plans to transition toward a more ZK-centric ecosystem, with Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin highlighting ZK-rollups as a key component of Ethereum’s long-term scaling strategy.

NightFall_4是朝着ZK技术的整个行业发展的一部分。在过去的一年中，一些领先的区块链项目已集成了ZKP，以增强可扩展性和隐私性。以太坊的路线图本身包括向以ZK为中心的生态系统过渡的计划，以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin强调ZK-Rollups是以太坊长期扩展策略的关键组成部分。

Additionally, competing layer-2 solutions, including StarkNet, zkSync, and Polygon’s zkEVM, have all made significant strides in integrating ZK technology. Now, EY’s Nightfall_4 joins this movement, highlighting the growing adoption of ZK-rollups by enterprises for improved performance and security.

此外，包括Starknet，Zksync和Polygon的ZKEVM在内的竞争第二层解决方案在整合ZK技术方面都取得了重大进步。现在，EY的Nightfall_4加入了这一运动，强调了企业对ZK滚动的不断增长，以提高性能和安全性。