2024 年區塊鏈格局：探索去中心化應用程式開發的頂級平台

基於區塊鏈的應用程式提供由智慧合約管理的安全價值轉移，徹底改變了各個領域。我們介紹 2024 年領先的區塊鏈平台：以智慧合約為主導的以太坊； Solana 的可擴展性； Hyperledger Fabric 保護企業隱私；用於以太坊擴展的多邊形； XRP Ledger 實現速度與經濟性；子網雪崩；和 Sei 以優化交易。每個平台都具有獨特的優勢，使開發人員能夠建立適合其特定要求的去中心化應用程式。

Navigating the Blockchain Landscape: Top Platforms for Building Decentralized Applications in 2024

探索區塊鏈格局：2024 年建立去中心化應用程式的頂級平台

The burgeoning realm of blockchain technology has witnessed a proliferation of platforms, each vying for prominence in the development of decentralized applications (dApps). Blockchains empower trustless value transfers, governed by preordained terms enshrined in smart contracts, a technological innovation with far-reaching implications for sectors ranging from finance to supply chain management. This comprehensive analysis examines the leading blockchain platforms poised to shape the dApp landscape in 2024.

區塊鏈技術的蓬勃發展見證了平台的激增，每個平台都在去中心化應用程式（dApp）的開發中爭奪主導地位。區塊鏈支援無需信任的價值轉移，受智能合約中預先規定的條款管轄，這是一項對從金融到供應鏈管理等領域具有深遠影響的技術創新。這項全面的分析探討了準備在 2024 年塑造 dApp 格局的領先區塊鏈平台。

Ethereum: The Unrivaled Titan of Smart Contracts

以太坊：無與倫比的智慧合約巨頭

Ethereum remains the undisputed leader in the smart contract arena, having debuted in 2015 with groundbreaking capabilities. Programmed in Solidity, a versatile language drawing inspiration from C++, Python, and JavaScript, Ethereum's smart contracts have ushered in an era of decentralized applications encompassing cryptocurrency exchanges, lending protocols, NFT marketplaces, sophisticated trading platforms, and more.

以太坊於 2015 年首次亮相，具有突破性的功能，仍然是智慧合約領域無可爭議的領導者。以太坊的智能合約採用Solidity 編程，這是一種從C++、Python 和JavaScript 中汲取靈感的多功能語言，它開創了一個去中心化應用程式的時代，包括加密貨幣交易所、借貸協議、NFT 市場、複雜的交易平台等。

Ethereum's dominance is reflected in its unparalleled market capitalization, dwarfing the combined market value of its nearest rivals among the top 100 smart contract blockchains. Beyond its market sway, Ethereum boasts the industry's largest developer community and an unmatched arsenal of tools for smart contract development.

以太坊的主導地位體現在其無與倫比的市值上，令前 100 名智能合約區塊鏈中最接近的競爭對手的總市值相形見絀。除了市場影響力之外，以太坊還擁有業界最大的開發者社群和無與倫比的智慧合約開發工具庫。

The ubiquity of Ethereum's smart contracts framework has prompted many emerging blockchain platforms to embrace compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) as a competitive advantage. This compatibility allows seamless porting of existing Ethereum-based dApps and facilitates the creation of new smart contracts through user-friendly tools like Truffle and Remix.

以太坊智慧合約框架的普遍性促使許多新興區塊鏈平台將與以太坊虛擬機器（EVM）的兼容性作為競爭優勢。這種相容性允許無縫移植現有的基於以太坊的 dApp，並有助於透過 Truffle 和 Remix 等用戶友好的工具創建新的智慧合約。

Solana: The Scalability Contender

Solana：可擴展性的競爭者

While Ethereum reigns supreme, Solana has emerged as a formidable challenger, primarily due to its superior scalability. Solana can accommodate a vast influx of transactions while maintaining relatively low transaction costs.

儘管以太坊佔據主導地位，但 Solana 已成為強大的挑戰者，這主要是由於其卓越的可擴展性。 Solana 可以容納大量湧入的交易，同時保持相對較低的交易成本。

Leveraging a Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism and implementing the Proof-of-History system to expedite node synchronization and transaction validation, Solana is poised to enhance its scalability even further with the impending release of Firedancer. This high-performance Solana client, developed by the illustrious high-frequency trading firm Jump Trading, has demonstrated the potential to process over 1 million transactions per second in test environments.

利用權益證明共識機制並實施歷史證明系統來加速節點同步和交易驗證，Solana 準備在即將發布的 Firedancer 中進一步增強其可擴展性。這款高效能 Solana 用戶端由著名的高頻交易公司 Jump Trading 開發，已證明在測試環境中每秒處理超過 100 萬筆交易的潛力。

Despite its recent popularity as a launchpad for meme coins, Solana's capabilities extend far beyond speculative assets. The Helium project utilizes Solana's blockchain for its token incentive system underpinning decentralized wireless networks like Helium 5G. Access Protocol, a platform empowering online publications with premium content offerings, also relies on Solana's scalability.

儘管 Solana 最近作為模因幣的啟動平台而廣受歡迎，但 Solana 的功能遠遠超出了投機資產的範圍。 Helium 專案利用 Solana 的區塊鏈作為其代幣激勵系統，支撐 Helium 5G 等去中心化無線網路。 Access Protocol 是一個為線上出版物提供優質內容的平台，它也依賴 Solana 的可擴充性。

Hyperledger Fabric: Tailored for Enterprise Applications

Hyperledger Fabric：專為企業應用程式量身定制

Hyperledger Fabric stands apart as an enterprise-grade permissioned blockchain framework. Permissioned blockchains, unlike public blockchains such as Ethereum and Bitcoin where anyone can operate a node, restrict participation to pre-approved entities. This selective approach ensures privacy and confidentiality, crucial for enterprises seeking to conduct transactions without compromising sensitive information that could undermine their competitive edge.

Hyperledger Fabric 作為企業級授權區塊鏈框架脫穎而出。與以太坊和比特幣等任何人都可以操作節點的公共區塊鏈不同，許可區塊鏈將參與限制為預先批准的實體。這種選擇性方法可確保隱私和機密性，這對於尋求在不洩露可能削弱其競爭優勢的敏感資訊的情況下進行交易的企業至關重要。

As an open-source framework, Hyperledger Fabric is part of the broader Hyperledger project under the Linux Foundation's auspices. Other specialized frameworks under this umbrella include Besu, Iroha, and Indy.

作為一個開源框架，Hyperledger Fabric 是 Linux 基金會贊助的更廣泛的 Hyperledger 專案的一部分。該框架下的其他專業框架包括 Besu、Iroha 和 Indy。

Polygon: Amplifying Ethereum's Potential

Polygon：放大以太坊的潛力

Polygon has carved a niche as an ecosystem of layer 2 blockchain platforms dedicated to augmenting Ethereum's scalability. The Polygon Proof of Stake (PoS) platform, the most prevalent within the ecosystem, is an Ethereum-compatible blockchain offering significantly reduced transaction fees.

Polygon 作為第 2 層區塊鏈平台生態系統佔據了一個利基市場，致力於增強以太坊的可擴展性。 Polygon 權益證明 (PoS) 平台是生態系統中最受歡迎的平台，它是一個與以太坊相容的區塊鏈，可大幅降低交易費用。

The Polygon PoS platform has attracted mainstream attention, with notable partnerships including Nike's .Swoosh initiative and Reddit's Collectible Avatars NFTs. Beyond PoS, Polygon is actively developing a suite of Ethereum-centric solutions, such as Polygon zkEVM and Polygon Miden, alongside the Polygon ID identity system.

Polygon PoS 平台吸引了主流關注，其著名合作夥伴包括 Nike 的 .Swoosh 計畫和 Reddit 的 Collectible Avatars NFT。除了 PoS 之外，Polygon 還積極開發一套以以太坊為中心的解決方案，例如 Polygon zkEVM 和 Polygon Miden，以及 Polygon ID 身分系統。

XRP Ledger: Fast and Cost-Effective Transactions

XRP Ledger：快速且經濟高效的交易

The XRP Ledger distinguishes itself as a high-speed, low-cost distributed platform for transaction settlement. XRP transactions are processed within three to five seconds, with transaction fees amounting to less than a tenth of a cent.

XRP Ledger 的特點是高速、低成本的分散式交易結算平台。 XRP 交易在三到五秒內處理完畢，交易費用不到十分之一美分。

The XRP Ledger offers diverse applications for distributed ledger technology. A noteworthy example is the Xahau sidechain, which empowers developers to create smart contracts directly interacting with ledger elements such as objects, balances, and transactions. This capability is achieved through Hooks, a feature programmable in various languages and subsequently compiled into WebAssembly, amplifying the ledger's flexibility and functionality.

XRP 帳本為分散式帳本技術提供了多種應用。一個值得注意的例子是 Xahau 側鏈，它使開發人員能夠創建直接與物件、餘額和交易等帳本元素互動的智慧合約。這項功能是透過 Hooks 實現的，Hooks 是一種可以用多種語言編程的功能，隨後編譯成 WebAssembly，從而增強了帳本的靈活性和功能。

Additionally, the XRP Ledger incorporates a built-in automated market maker (AMM), enabling users to seamlessly exchange digital assets issued on the platform. This AMM functionality mirrors decentralized exchanges like Uniswap, providing a decentralized venue for asset trading and liquidity within the XRP Ledger ecosystem.

此外，XRP Ledger 還內建了自動做市商（AMM），使用戶能夠無縫交換平台上發行的數位資產。此 AMM 功能反映了 Uniswap 等去中心化交易所，為 XRP Ledger 生態系統內的資產交易和流動性提供去中心化場所。

Avalanche: Scalability with Smart Contract Support

Avalanche：具有智能合約支援的可擴展性

Avalanche, a Proof-of-Stake blockchain, combines scalability with smart contract support. Its defining feature is Subnets, allowing developers to create highly specialized blockchains leveraging the security provided by validators participating in Avalanche's Proof-of-Stake consensus protocol. Subnets can consist of a single blockchain or connect multiple blockchains.

Avalanche 是一種權益證明區塊鏈，將可擴展性與智能合約支援相結合。其定義功能是子網，允許開發人員利用參與 Avalanche 權益證明共識協議的驗證者提供的安全性來創建高度專業化的區塊鏈。子網路可以由單一區塊鏈組成，也可以連接多個區塊鏈。

The Avalanche ecosystem revolves around the Primary Network, a specialized subnet comprising three blockchains designed for specific use cases:

Avalanche 生態系統圍繞著主網路展開，這是一個專門的子網，由三個專為特定用例設計的區塊鏈組成：

• Platform Chain (P-Chain): Staking and validation
• Contract Chain (C-Chain): EVM-compatible smart contracts and dApps
• Exchange Chain (X-Chain): Sending and receiving funds

Avalanche's blockchain platform can process over 4,500 transactions per second, with transactions reaching finality in an average of 0.79 seconds.

平台鏈（P鏈）：質押和驗證合約鏈（C鏈）：EVM相容的智慧合約和dApp交換鏈（X鏈）：發送和接收資金Avalanche的區塊鏈平台每秒可以處理超過4,500筆交易，交易達到最終結果平均 0.79 秒。

Sei: A Lightning-Fast Trading Platform

Sei：閃電般的交易平台

Sei has emerged as a blockchain tailored specifically for asset trading, boasting an impressive capacity of 20,000 transactions per second and transaction finality in less than half a second.

Sei 已成為專為資產交易量身定制的區塊鏈，擁有每秒 20,000 筆交易的令人印象深刻的容量，並且交易在不到半秒的時間內完成。

A key differentiator is its Twin-Turbo consensus mechanism, enhancing efficiency in the blockchain's validation process and speeding up transaction validations.

一個關鍵的區別在於其 Twin-Turbo 共識機制，提高了區塊鏈驗證過程的效率並加速了交易驗證。

The Sei development team is committed to ongoing improvement, with the community eagerly anticipating the launch of Sei v2. This upgrade aims to seamlessly integrate the benefits of Sei with Ethereum development tools.

Sei 開發團隊致力於持續改進，社群熱切期待 Sei v2 的推出。此次升級旨在將 Sei 的優勢與以太坊開發工具無縫整合。

The Blockchain Landscape: A Crowded Marketplace

區塊鏈格局：擁擠的市場

The blockchain market is teeming with numerous platforms, each vying for attention from users and developers. However, not all blockchains are created equal. Selecting a platform should involve careful consideration of its unique features and capabilities.

區塊鏈市場充斥著眾多平台，每個平台都在爭取用戶和開發者的關注。然而，並非所有區塊鏈都是一樣的。選擇平台應仔細考慮其獨特的特性和功能。

Our recommendation is to prioritize the larger, more established platforms before venturing into lesser-known options. Ethereum and Solana offer unparalleled features and capabilities, with other platforms only recommended if they provide distinct advantages not available on these established giants.

我們的建議是優先考慮更大、更成熟的平台，然後再冒險進入鮮為人知的選擇。以太坊和 Solana 提供無與倫比的功能和功能，只有當其他平台提供這些老牌巨頭所不具備的獨特優勢時才推薦使用。

Navigating the Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Landscape

探索加密貨幣和區塊鏈格局

For those interested in investing in cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology, we recommend exploring our comprehensive guide to the best cryptocurrencies for investment opportunities.

對於那些對投資加密貨幣和區塊鏈技術感興趣的人，我們建議您探索我們的最佳加密貨幣投資機會綜合指南。