比特幣OS：解鎖比特幣的潛力超出付款

長期以來，比特幣被稱為數字黃金，這是一個安全的價值存儲和簡單的點對點支付網絡。但是，它的基層不是

Bitcoin OS is a project that aims to bring smart contracts, tokenization, and advanced programmability to Bitcoin in a modular, efficient, and community-driven manner. It is not an altcoin or a fork but rather a set of technologies and initiatives that expand the capabilities of Bitcoin without altering its core protocol.

比特幣OS是一個旨在以模塊化，高效且以社區為導向的方式將智能合約，令牌化和高級可編程性帶入比特幣的項目。它不是Altcoin或叉子，而是一組技術和計劃，可以擴大比特幣的功能而無需更改其核心協議。

One of the main components of Bitcoin OS is the use of rollups, which are off-chain protocols that can process transactions or smart contracts and then bundle them into proofs to be verified and posted to the Bitcoin blockchain. This allows for a significant increase in throughput and reduces the load on Bitcoin's limited block space.

比特幣OS的主要組成部分之一是使用匯總，它們是可以處理交易或智能合約的鏈協議，然後將它們捆綁成證明，以驗證並將其發佈到比特幣區塊鏈上。這樣可以顯著增加吞吐量，並減少比特幣有限塊空間上的負載。

Some of the key features of Bitcoin OS include:

比特幣OS的一些關鍵功能包括：

* Smart contracts and DApps on Bitcoin, enabling the creation of decentralized applications and the execution of complex scripts.

*智能合同和比特幣上的DAPP，從而可以創建分散的應用程序和復雜腳本的執行。

* Scalable rollups that can handle hundreds or thousands of transactions per second, settling back to Bitcoin with optimal security.

*可擴展的匯總每秒可以處理數百或數千筆交易，並以最佳的安全性安置回比特幣。

* Trustless cross-chain bridges that let Bitcoin interact with other blockchains (and vice versa) without centralized custodians.

*無信任的跨鏈橋，讓比特幣與其他沒有集中託管人的其他區塊鏈（反之亦然）相互作用。

* Programmable tokens with built-in logic for governance, staking, and more, surpassing the limited BRC-20 tokens seen so far.

*具有內置邏輯的可編程令牌，用於治理，佔有等，超過了迄今為止看到的有限的BRC-20令牌。

* Options for private or anonymous transactions using zero-knowledge proofs, preventing observers from snooping on all your financial activity.

*使用零知識證明的私人或匿名交易的選項，以防止觀察者在所有財務活動上窺探。

* Introduction of covenants, which are advanced script conditions for how coins can be spent, enabling new Bitcoin use cases.

*引入盟約，這是用於花費如何花費的高級腳本條件，可以實現新的比特幣用例。

* A unified ecosystem where multiple blockchains and rollups can interact seamlessly, making it feel like one connected network of value.

*一個統一的生態系統，其中多個區塊鍊和滾動可以無縫交互，使其感覺就像一個連接的價值網絡。

These capabilities make Bitcoin OS akin to a "Bitcoin 2.0" environment - not by replacing Bitcoin, but by building on it and opening up new possibilities for the future of the cryptocurrency.

這些功能使比特幣OS類似於“比特幣2.0”環境 - 不是通過替換比特幣，而是通過建立比特幣並為加密貨幣的未來打開新的可能性。

Here are some of the challenges and opportunities that Bitcoin OS faces:

以下是比特幣OS面臨的一些挑戰和機遇：

* Security and trust model: Bitcoin OS aims to be trustless or trust-minimized, but users and developers need to understand its assumptions before testing it. While zk-SNARKs are powerful, Bitcoin's main chain currently doesn't verify these proofs, meaning Bitcoin OS protocol and its participants handle verification. Bitcoin miners will treat the proofs like any other data and won't reject an invalid proof on their own. In practice, Bitcoin OS nodes would reject the bad state, requiring a majority of participants to collude for it to persist. Developers will need to audit and improve this trust model over time, potentially introducing native ZK verification via a Bitcoin soft fork, but this is still speculative. For now, "nearly trustless" describes its nature, offering a better alternative to relying on a single custodian, but users should understand the system.

*安全性和信任模型：比特幣OS的目標是無信任或信任最小化，但是用戶和開發人員在對其進行測試之前需要了解其假設。儘管ZK-SNARKS功能強大，但比特幣的主鏈目前尚未驗證這些證明，這意味著比特幣OS協議及其參與者處理驗證。比特幣礦工將像其他任何數據一樣對待證明，並且不會自行拒絕無效的證據。在實踐中，比特幣OS節點會拒絕不良狀態，要求大多數參與者合謀繼續下去。開發人員將需要隨著時間的推移審核和改善此信任模型，並可能通過比特幣軟叉引入本機ZK驗證，但這仍然是投機性的。就目前而言，“幾乎沒有信任”描述了其性質，為依靠單個保管人提供了更好的替代方法，但用戶應該理解該系統。

* Performance and cost: Generating zero-knowledge proofs and managing rollups is computationally expensive. Developers might face limits on how much they can do in one proof or how often they can post proofs (e.g., one per Bitcoin block). They also need to consider the cost of Bitcoin transactions since limited block space can become expensive if demand rises. Bitcoin OS aggregates many actions into one transaction to reduce this cost. Still, if usage explodes, there could be competition for that block space among multiple rollups. Solutions like data compression, proof aggregation (multiple rollups combining proofs into one, which BOS intends to do) or even Bitcoin scaling improvements (like bigger blocks or a soft fork for more space) might come into play. It's an area to watch: ensuring that the main chain can handle the additional data load from potentially dozens of rollups posting proofs.

*性能和成本：生成零知識證明和管理匯總在計算上很昂貴。開發人員可能會在一個證明或可以發布證據的頻率中面臨限制（例如，每個比特幣塊）。他們還需要考慮比特幣交易的成本，因為如果需求增加，有限的塊空間可能會變得昂貴。比特幣OS將許多操作匯總為一項交易，以降低這一成本。儘管如此，如果用法爆炸了，可能會在多個匯總之間引起該阻滯空間的競爭。諸如數據壓縮，證明聚合（將證明組合為一個打算這樣做的多個匯總）等解決方案可能會發揮作用（例如，更大的塊或軟叉以獲得更多空間）。這是一個值得關注的區域：確保主鏈可以處理潛在的數十個匯總發布證明的額外數據負載。

* User experience: For average users to adopt Bitcoin OS-powered services, the experience needs to be smooth. This means good wallets that can handle rollup transactions, easy bridging UIs, and abstracting away the complexity of proofs and L1 vs. L2. Developers will need to integrate Bitcoin OS into popular wallets or interfaces, similar to how some mobile wallets integrated Lightning, allowing users to see "Bitcoin" while the app decides whether to route via Lightning or on-chain. Education is also key - users should understand what it means to use a rollup versus the main chain. Over time, if done right, users might just think they are using Bitcoin but with more features.

*用戶體驗：對於普通用戶採用比特幣OS驅動服務，體驗需要平滑。這意味著可以處理匯總交易，易於橋接UI的好錢包，並抽像出證明的複雜性和L1 vs. L2。開發人員將需要將比特幣OS集成到受歡迎的錢包或接口中，類似於某些移動錢包集成閃電的方式，從而使用戶可以看到“比特幣”，而該應用程序決定是通過閃電還是鍊鍊路路線。教育也是關鍵 - 用戶應該了解使用匯總與主鏈的含義。隨著時間的流逝，如果做得正確，用戶可能會認為他們正在使用比特幣，但具有更多功能。

* Competition and collaboration: Bitcoin OS is not the only approach to extending Bitcoin. There are other Layer-2s and sidechains (e.g., Lightning for payments, Stacks for smart contracts with its own token, Liquid for asset issuance) and new proposals like drivechains that aim to enable sidechains via miners. The crypto community can be tribal, and new tech sometimes faces skepticism. Bitcoin OS will need to prove its value and possibly coexist or integrate with other solutions. For example, users can utilize Lightning for instant payments and BOS for complex contracts, allowing each to complement the other. Or, drivechains (if ever activated) provide another avenue for sidechains that might interplay with BOS. The success of Bitcoin OS may well depend on community support and real use cases that demonstrate its superiority or uniqueness.

*競爭與協作：比特幣OS並不是擴展比特幣的唯一方法。還有其他第2層和側級（例如，付款的閃電，具有其自身令牌的智能合約的堆棧，用於資產發行的液體）以及諸如Drivechains之類的新建議，旨在通過礦工啟用Sidechains。加密社區可以是部落，新技術有時會面臨懷疑。比特幣OS將需要證明其價值，並可能與其他解決方案共處或集成。例如，用戶可以利用閃電進行即時付款和BOS進行複雜的合同，從而使彼此補充。或者，Drivechains（如果被激活）為可能與BOS相互作用的Sidechains提供了另一條途徑。比特幣OS的成功很可能取決於社區支持和實際用例，這些案例表現出了其優越性或獨特性。

* Regulatory and

*監管和