Ankr utilizes verification nodes in the block validation process, and as such can ensure that the quality of the network itself is maintained and that any bad actors are removed from the system. In order to ensure that the system remains secure and that only good actors are picked, Ankr employs a reputation-based system. This filters actors based on node contributions. Furthermore, a performance test is used to fairly distribute their differing computational resources based on their workload. Ankr also employs the intel SGX as its main component. This allows for a high level of security against certain hardware and software attacks due to the fact that it processes executions inside of the hardware itself. When we discuss off-chain data and its processing, there is a Native Oracle System, or NOS for short, that transfers between the on-chain smart contracts as well as the off-chain data. This NOS is secure and requires authentication. The Data Source Security itself is handled through TLS 1.2,1.3 and Perfect Forward Security, or PFS.

The current circulating supply of ANKR is 6,496,232,711 tokens. They are at a trading volume of $49,811,009 USD. There is a max supply of 10,000,000,000 ANKR.

Ankr is uniquely positioned as a node infrastructure and decentralized web services provider that allows DApps and blockchains to run and communicate with each other seamlessly while allowing users to earn more with their assets by delegating them easily to validator nodes. This is in contrast to centralized solutions like AWS Blockchain and many others. What Is the ANKR Token? ANKR is the native utility token needed for transactions and payments for many of Ankr’s services as well as platform governance. ANKR has capabilities as an ERC-20, BEP-2, and BEP-20 token, and it is also available on the Polygon, Avalanche, and Fantom networks. The ANKR token will play a core function in enabling institutional and independent node providers to monetize their nodes' excess capacity and allow node consumers to benefit from a pay-as-you-go model, disrupting traditional blockchain API providers forcing users into paid plans requiring oversubscription.

Co-founders Chandler Song and Ryan Fang (Forbes 30 Under 30 laureates) founded Ankr in 2017 shortly after graduating from the University of California, Berkeley after being early participants in the Blockchain at Berkeley program. Chandler was working as an engineer at Amazon Web Services at the time where he met Stanley Wu, the third co-founder. Together, they took on a mission to build the most decentralized and scalable Web3 infrastructure possible.

What Is Ankr (ANKR)? Ankr is a decentralized blockchain infrastructure provider that operates an array of nodes globally distributed across over 50 Proof-of-Stake networks. This infrastructure helps drive the growth of the crypto economy while powering a full suite of multi-chain tools for Web3 users: Ankr Build Ankr provides comprehensive blockchain developer solutions, including traditional APIs, a decentralized multi-chain network of public RPC nodes used to access blockchain data and execute code, and tools like Ankr Scan to view on-chain information across blockchains. Ankr Earn Ankr Earn makes staking, liquid staking, and other yield-earning opportunities easy and accessible to any crypto investor. Ankr creates the most scalable and decentralized staking infrastructure solution that aims to solve the capital inefficiency of Proof-of-Stake networks and similar blockchain consensus mechanisms. Ankr Learn Through Ankr’s learning tools, tutorials, and docs, anyone can become a better user or developer of blockchain-based systems.

LRC is available on many exchanges, some of the major and most trusted ones are: * [Coinbase Pro](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/coinbase-pro/) * [Bilaxy](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/bilaxy/) * [OKEx](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/okex/) * [Binance](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/binance/)

Loopring is operable on Ethereum and [Neo](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/neo/) blockchains with plans to add support for the [Qtum](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/qtum/) blockchain. Each of these networks has its own token: LRC and LRN for Ethereum and Neo respectively; when launched, the Qtum network token will be called LRQ. These tokens are secured by the hash functions of their underlying blockchain platforms: LRC by Ethereum’s Ethash, LRN by Neo’s SHA256 and RIPEMD160 and LRQ by Qtum’s proof-of-stake PoSv3 algorithm.

The issuance of LRC tokens is governed by the smart contracts that comprise the Loopring Protocol. The primary way of earning LRC is via so-called ring mining: in order to improve the liquidity of the Loopring network, the orders in it are not matched strictly as pairs of two cryptocurrencies. Instead, the protocol can mix and match up to 16 orders for different cryptocurrencies in a circular trade, called an order ring. Nodes on the Loopring network are rewarded in LRC tokens for combining individual orders into order rings, maintaining public order books and trade history, and in some cases broadcasting orders to other relays.

The main idea behind Loopring is to combine elements of centralized and decentralized cryptocurrency exchanges to create a protocol that will enjoy their unique advantages and eliminate inefficiencies. Centralized exchanges are currently the main mode of operation for crypto trading services. While highly popular and convenient, using a centralized exchange carries a number of risks, the chief of which is their custodial nature. Because these exchanges hold users’ funds for them between the points of depositing and withdrawing, those funds come under the risk of being partially or fully lost due to potential hacker attacks, malicious actors inside the exchange or regulatory intervention. Another major problem for centralized exchanges is the lack of transparency: the fact that trades are not settled on the blockchain, but rather stored in the exchange’s internal records makes possible price manipulation by the exchange and allows it to use user funds for unauthorized purposes while in custody. In order to eliminate these problems, a new type of trading service has emerged in recent years: a decentralized crypto exchange ([DEX](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/decentralized-exchange-dex)). Instead of holding user funds in custody and processing trades internally, it helps buy and sell orders connect directly with each other and settle trades on a public blockchain. While removing the custodial and transparency risks, DEXs introduce disadvantages of their own: mainly, lower efficiency (when compared to centralized alternatives) associated with the limited capabilities of the underlying blockchains and fragmented [liquidity](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/liquidity). Loopring protocol seeks to keep the advantages of decentralized exchanges while reducing or eliminating their inefficiencies via innovative hybrid solutions. Through managing orders in a centralized manner but settling the trades on-blockchain, and combining up to 16 orders into circular trades instead of allowing strictly one vs. one trading pairs, Loopring expects to increase the efficiency of order execution, as well as enhance the liquidity of DEXs.

The founder and current CEO of Loopring Foundation, which manages the development of Loopring protocol, is Daniel Wang, a software engineer and entrepreneur based in Shanghai, China. Wang has a bachelor’s degree in computer science from the University of Science and Technology of China, as well as a master’s degree in the same field from Arizona State University. Prior to starting work on Loopring, Wang has held multiple managerial and executive positions in major tech companies: he was a lead software engineer at the medical device manufacturer Boston Scientific, the senior director of engineering, search, recommendation and ads system at the Chinese e-commerce giant JD.com, as well as a tech lead and senior software engineer at Google. Wang has also co-founded several companies: Yunrang (Beijing) Information Technology Ltd. and the cryptocurrency services firm Coinport Technology Ltd.

LRC is the [Ethereum](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/ethereum/)-based cryptocurrency token of Loopring, an open protocol designed for the building of decentralized crypto exchanges. In 2020, the average daily trading volume of the entire cryptocurrency market fluctuated in the approximate range of $50-$200 million. Most of that trading is conducted on centralized cryptocurrency exchanges — online platforms operated by private companies that store users’ funds and facilitate the matching of buy and sell orders. Such platforms have a number of downsides common to all of them, so a new type of exchange — decentralized— has emerged to try to alleviate these disadvantages. However, fully decentralized exchanges are not without their own flaws. Loopring’s purported goal is to combine centralized order matching with decentralized on-blockchain order settlement into a hybridized product that will take the best aspects of both centralized and decentralized exchanges. LRC tokens became available to the public during an initial coin offering ([ICO](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/initial-coin-offering-ico)) in August 2017, while the Loopring protocol was first deployed on Ethereum mainnet in December 2019.

MetisDAO is available on [OKX](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/okx/), [BingX](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/bingx/), [Huobi](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/huobi/), [Coinbase](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/coinbase-exchange/), [BitMart](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/bitmart/), [KuCoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/kucoin/) and more.

The tokenomics of MetisDAO (METIS) is as follows: a maximum supply of 10,000,000 tokens. The first 49.3% of the total supply of METIS tokens was minted in 2021 for “cold launch, team, advisors’ and investors’ allocation, and ecosystem/community development.” The rest of the 50.7% of METIS tokens will be allocated to: 4.86% for community benefits (including mining), 10% for early-stage Rangers mining, 3% for community development in upcoming Discovery Age, 32.84% for transaction-related mining in upcoming Discovery Age.

On March 2, 2023, MetisDAO announced that it was building “the first-ever Hybrid Rollup by combining optimistic rollup architecture with [zero-knowledge proofs](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/zero-knowledge-proof-2).” Although work on the rollup is still ongoing, Metis believes that combining both architectures will help it provide “a secure, developer-friendly Layer 2 for Ethereum developers to deploy all types of decentralized applications.”

MetisDAO is both a Layer 2 scaling solution _and_ a platform for building and running decentralized autonomous companies (DACs). The MetisDAO Foundation has [launched](https://daotimes.com/metisdao-foundation-debuts-new-grants-program-daotribution/) a grants program to empower contributors and communities to kickoff their DACs on KORIS called the DAOTribution Campaign. Through the DAOtribution Campaign, the MetisDAO Foundation opens weekly Kohorts for qualified applicants to submit grant proposals and receive funding through the Metis token.

MetisDAO differentiates itself from other protocols in a few different ways. Metis users can transact quickly and cheaply on the [Ethereum blockchain](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/categories/ethereum) thanks to [Optimistic Rollups](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/optimistic-rollup), which batch multiple transactions into one transaction that is then processed on Ethereum. Its Layer 2 infrastructure uses Ethereum's security and decentralization to make transactions cheaper and faster. Transaction data is usually stored on layer-1, whereas Metis stores most of its transaction data off-chain, with only the minimum viable data stored on its layer-1. This off-chain data is then placed in Memolabs storage by the Sequencer. When compared with a Layer 1 like Ethereum, storage on Memo Labs is substantially cheaper. Metis also offers a modular framework, allowing developers to build and customize their own dApps using Metis’ infrastructure.

Elena Sinelnikova, Kevin Liu, and Yuan Su founded Metis in 2019, but the business didn't officially launch until Nov. 17, 2021. Sinelnikova established other crypto projects prior to founding Metis, including the non-profit blockchain educational hub ‘Crypto Chicks,’ in 2017. She has a Master’s degree in computer science and experience working in blockchain, cybersecurity, software development, and as a full-stack programmer. Kevin Liu worked as an investment manager and in strategic development before launching Metis. He has an undergraduate degree in management and an MBA from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Yuan Su studied computer science as an undergraduate and then did an MBA at the University of Toronto. After graduating, he worked as a software engineer and manager at IBM until 2019, when he co-founded Metis. He now also heads up development at CaseWare International.

Metis is an [Ethereum](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/ethereum/) [Layer-2](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/layer-2) scaling solution aiming to solve the [blockchain trilemma](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/blockchain-trilemma): that blockchains cannot be decentralized, secure, and scalable simultaneously. It also strives to solve Ethereum's biggest challenges: speed, cost and scalability. Metis wants to help developers create and manage existing [decentralized applications](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/glossary/decentralized-applications-dapps) (dApps), while also supporting developers and entrepreneurs who want to build and launch new dApps. It also integrates the Decentralized Autonomous Company (DAC) framework into its Layer 2 infrastructure to help developers and businesses move from Web 2.0 to [Web 3.0](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-web-3-0).

You can buy OriginTrail (TRAC) tokens on various exchanges such as [Coinbase](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/coinbase-exchange/), [KuCoin](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/kucoin/), [Uniswap](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/uniswap-v3/), [Binance.US](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/binance-us/), [Huobi](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/huobi/), [Bancor](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/bancor-network/), [BitMart](https://coinmarketcap.com/exchanges/bitmart/) These exchanges provide a secondary market for TRAC tokens. It's recommended to follow OriginTrail's official social media channels for updates on listings and ways to obtain TRAC.

TRAC token that’s powering the OriginTrail network has been launched on Ethereum and is therefore secured by the Ethereum blockchain. TRAC is used for DKG (Decentralized Knowledge Graph) operations within the OriginTrail ecosystem. It powers the trusted knowledge exchange and is essential for performing operations such as: - Publishing and Updating Assets: TRAC is needed to publish and update Knowledge Assets on the OriginTrail network. It enables users to share and maintain their data securely and transparently. - Collateral on OriginTrail Nodes: TRAC can be used as collateral on OriginTrail nodes. This helps ensure the integrity and reliability of the network by incentivizing node operators to perform their tasks honestly and efficiently.

TRAC has a fixed total supply of 500 million tokens, of which 401 million are currently in circulation.

OriginTrail is unique due to the following factors: 1. Trusted Knowledge Infrastructure: OriginTrail is an ecosystem that focuses on building a trusted knowledge infrastructure for artificial intelligence. It ensures the origin of information and fights against misinformation, which is crucial in the age of AI. 2. [Decentralized Knowledge Graph](https://origintrail.io/technology/decentralized-knowledge-graph): OriginTrail utilizes a unique Decentralized Knowledge Graph, which allows for the organization and discovery of trusted AI-ready Knowledge Assets. This graph enables efficient search and solutions powered by AI for enterprises and individuals worldwide. 3. Open-source development: The technical development of OriginTrail is open-source and driven by the OriginTrail community. The core developers actively maintain the open-source stack, including node software, SDKs, blockchain modules, and visual libraries. This approach fosters collaboration and innovation within the ecosystem. 4. Trace Alliance partnership: The OriginTrail ecosystem comes together under the non-profit [Trace Alliance](https://alliance.origintrail.io/) organization. With over 150 members worldwide, Trace Alliance serves as a partnership hub for exchanging knowledge, experiences, and networking. This collaboration enhances the development and adoption of diverse [Decentralized Knowledge Graph](https://origintrail.io/technology/decentralized-knowledge-graph) topics. 5. Support from world-class organizations: OriginTrail has gained support and partnerships with world-class organizations such as British Standards Institution, SCAN, Polkadot, Parity, Walmart, World Federation of Hemophilia, Oracle, and the EU Commission's Next Generation Internet. These partnerships contribute to advancing OriginTrail's trusted knowledge foundation and its applicability in trillion-dollar industries. 6. [OriginTrail Parachain](https://origintrail.io/technology/origintrail-parachain): OriginTrail also incorporates the OriginTrail Parachain, which is a key component of its infrastructure. The Parachain, soon to transform into NeuroWeb, plays a vital role in the implementation of OriginTrail technology with leading global enterprises and customers.

The founders of OriginTrail, Žiga Drev, Tomaž Levak, and Branimir Rakić, founded OriginTrail with the goal of developing and implementing the OriginTrail technology. They aimed to create a decentralized knowledge graph and infrastructure that could be utilized by enterprises and customers worldwide. The enterprises that are currently using OriginTrail include, British Standards Institution (BSI), Supplier Compliance Audit Network (SCAN), Swiss Federal Railways (SBB), World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH), EU and UK government projects, and others. The core principles of the OriginTrail ecosystem, including neutrality, inclusiveness, and usability, guided their development efforts. By partnering with leading tech companies and launching a grant program, they aimed to mitigate risks and foster community development on the OriginTrail network.

[OriginTrail](https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/origintrail/) is an ecosystem building a trusted knowledge infrastructure for artificial intelligence. It addresses the challenge of misinformation in the AI era by ensuring the origin of information and enabling discoverability of the world's most important knowledge and real world assets (RWAs). OriginTrail is creating a Verifiable Web for decentralized AI by empowering world class brands and builders. It utilizes its unique [Decentralized Knowledge Graph](https://origintrail.io/technology/decentralized-knowledge-graph) and [OriginTrail Parachain](https://origintrail.io/technology/origintrail-parachain) to deliver AI-powered search and solutions for enterprises and individuals worldwide. OriginTrail has gained support and [partnerships with world-class organizations](https://origintrail.io/solutions/overview) such as British Standards Institution, SCAN, Polkadot, Parity, Walmart, World Federation of Hemophilia, Oracle, and the EU Commission's Next Generation Internet. These partnerships contribute to advancing OriginTrail's trusted knowledge foundation and its applicability in trillion-dollar industries, while providing a verifiable web of knowledge important in particular to drive the economies of RWAs. The best way to see the technology in action is by checking ChatDKG, which is an experimental, question answering bot on X (Twitter) based on trusted Knowledge Assets in OriginTrail Decentralized Knowledge Graph. The ChatDKG provides answers based on [OriginTrail trusted AI](https://twitter.com/ChatDKG/status/1725965175394595053). [The Metcalfe phase of the updated roadmap](https://origintrail.io/ecosystem/roadmap) pursues an ambitious goal of creating the world’s largest verifiable web for AI consisting of 100 billion Knowledge Assets, bringing a 100.000x scalability increase. As the name of the phase suggests, it will seek to produce network effects across the OriginTrail DKG and use novel techniques to pursue autonomous DKG growth based on the genesis knowledge foundation being created by [organizations and individuals alike](https://origintrail.io/ecosystem/landscape). The genesis part of the Metcalfe’s phase also introduces knowledge mining and knowledge signaling capabilities to drive constant growth of the Verifiable Web. Following the Genesis stage and the transition to an AI-native V8, further capabilities will become available in the Convergence stage. By leveraging the advancements in AI and the DKG, we will unlock autonomous knowledge mining which in turn leads to an autonomous DKG. At that stage, new knowledge gets added to the DKG with very limited human involvement. Services such as AI agents will be performing knowledge inferencing directly on the DKG to find any “blind spots” in the knowledge they can fill as well as search for new knowledge and bring it to the DKG in accordance with knowledge signaling.

Although both Illuvium and Axie Infinity feature collectible in-game characters that can be battled, traded and upgraded, the scope of the game world surrounding these critters differs somewhat. On one side, Illuvium is a 3D role-playing game with a gradually revealed storyline and massive, open, explorable landscape, whereas Axie Infinity is a highly popular, quirky 2D game that features adorable critters known as Axies that are reminiscent of Pokemon. These Axies can be bred, battled, and traded. For now, there is no story mode to speak of. Both Illuvium and Axie Infinity feature a strong gamified DeFi element, which means there can be real Ether (ETH) at stake while playing either — since some Illuvials and Axies could fetch significant sums on the open market. Unlike Axie Infinity, which uses a random assortment of assets to produce each individual Axie, Illuvium’s Illuvials are wholly unique. Each one features custom artwork and rigging to ensure they are distinct and bear characteristics that relate to their properties and region. The two games clearly have some similarities, but Illuvium is primarily targeted towards traditional gamers who may or may not have experience with cryptocurrencies and NFTs, while Axie Infinity would mostly appeal to the crypto savvy.

Illuvium features a unique yield farming reward system, in that all ILV rewards earned through the yield farm are locked for a period of one year before they can be withdrawn. However, stakers have the option to skip the unlock timer by converting their ILV rewards to a secondary in-game only asset known as sILV. By claiming their rewards as sILV, users receive the USD equivalent of sILV, and can spend their rewards early to purchase in-game items. SILV cannot be withdrawn from the game and is not represented by a blockchain-based asset.

Unlike most other blockchain-powered games, Illuvium features a fully 3D environment, with over 100 unique Illuvials found scattered throughout its various regions. Each Illuvial is designed by a team of world-class artists, ensuring it appeals to players accustomed to big-budget retail games. Beyond this, it boasts a number of features that help it stand out from both other blockchain-enabled games and AAA titles. These include: * Layer-2 Integration: Although Illuvium is secured by Ethereum, it is built on Immutable X (IMX) — a layer-2 solution that is designed to help scale applications with NFT functionality. By leveraging Immutable X’s capabilities, Illuvium ensures players can mint and trade their NFTs with zero gas fees and practically instant transaction finality. Players always maintain custody of their assets while using IMX. * The IlluviDEX: Illuvium features a built-in decentralized exchange (DEX) platform appropriately named the IlluviDEX. This can be used for trustlessly exchanging Illuvium assets, including Illuvial NFTs. A 5% fee is deducted from each sale and funneled into the rewards pool for ILV stakers. * Yield Farming: A total of 3 million ILV — equivalent to 30% of the maximum supply (10 million) — are allocated to the Illuvium yield farming program. These will be distributed over a period of three years to users contributing liquidity and through various partner reward schemes.

Although Illuvium has blockchain-based elements, it is more akin to a full-fledged video game. It’s accessed through a downloadable desktop app, but also has a range of supporting DeFi applications surrounding it — including a yield farm and decentralized exchange. Players roam the Illuvium landscape battling Illuvials and other players, participating in quests and daily challenges, and participating in its communal storyline. Throughout their journey, they collect Illuvials, which have a range of characteristics that make them variable in their rarity, utility, and desirability. These include: * Classes: Empath, Fighter, Guardian, Rogue and Psion. * Affinities: Air, Earth, Fire, Nature and Water. Through its class and affinity are its most important attributes, each Illuvial has a large number of additional attributes that also help determine its strength in combat, some of these can include: attack damage, attack speed, and savagery. Illuvials get stronger with victory, can be enhanced with in-game items and can be upgraded into a special “ascended” form — which benefits from two affinities at once. Each Illuvial is represented by a unique non-fungible token (NFT) and can be freely traded on external exchange platforms and the gas-free IlluviDEX (more on this later). They can also be fused into more powerful forms, and come in normal, holographic and dark holographic variants which are considerably more scarce. The game will feature a variety of revenue streams, mostly derived from in-game purchases of items, crafting components, cosmetics and shard curing. 100% of this revenue is distributed as rewards to those staking the ILV tokens through an ILV buyback system.

Illuvium is an open-world fantasy battle game built on the Ethereum blockchain. Often touted as the first AAA game on Ethereum, Illuvium looks to provide a source of entertainment to both casual gamers and hardcore DeFi fans through a range of collecting and trading features. To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of [Illuvium](https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/what-is-illuvium). The world of Illuvium is inhabited by creatures known as Illuvials, who can be captured by players that best them in battle and nurse them back to health. From then on, they become a loyal part of the player’s collection and can be used when battling other adventurers as part of Illuvium’s auto battler gameplay. The game is a fusion between an open-world exploration game and a PVP battle game. Players can spend their time exploring the expanses of the game world or building up their team of powerful beasts. Illuvium has been in development since 2020, and is being built by a worldwide team of more than 40 individuals, including the co-founders; serial entrepreneur and early cryptocurrency adopter Kieran Warwick, and experienced game designer Aaron Warwick, who are brothers. (And who are coincidentally also the brothers of Kain Warwick, the co-founder of DeFi platform Synthetix). The ILV token has a number of uses within the Illuvium ecosystem. It’s the main token used to reward players for their in-game achievements, entitles players to their share of the Illuvium Vault and is used for participating in the governance of the game via the Illuvium decentralized autonomous organization (DAO).

RAY is available on a growing number of exchanges with cryptocurrency and stablecoin pairs currently available. The most liquid exchanges include Raydium.io itself and gate.io