揭秘 Polkadot 质押艺术：赚取奖励的综合指南

了解 Polkadot 质押 Polkadot 的提名权益证明 (NPoS) 共识机制使用户能够质押其 DOT 代币，通过保护网络和验证交易来获得奖励。此过程涉及由提名人选出的验证人，他们将获得 DOT 份额以换取其贡献。用户可以通过原生质押、第三方去中心化协议或中心化交易所参与 DOT 质押，每种方法都有自己的优势和风险。原生 DOT 质押是一种非托管选项，需要参与提名池或直接提名，而第三方协议则提供具有灵活解绑选项的流动性质押。中心化交易所提供了轻松的质押访问方式，但具有更高的信任假设。

Delve into the Nuances of Polkadot Staking: A Comprehensive Guide to Earn Rewards and Secure the Network

深入探讨 Polkadot 质押的细微差别：赚取奖励和保护网络安全的综合指南

Cryptocurrency staking has emerged as a popular mechanism for earning passive income while contributing to the security of blockchain networks. Among the various staking protocols, Polkadot's Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS) stands out as a unique and innovative approach to achieving consensus and distributing rewards. This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies of Polkadot staking, exploring its benefits, requirements, and potential risks to empower users with the knowledge necessary to navigate this rewarding landscape.

加密货币质押已成为一种流行的赚取被动收入的机制，同时有助于区块链网络的安全。在各种质押协议中，Polkadot 的提名股权证明（NPoS）作为达成共识和分配奖励的独特且创新的方法脱颖而出。这本全面的指南深入探讨了 Polkadot 质押的复杂性，探索其好处、要求和潜在风险，为用户提供驾驭这一有利环境所需的知识。

Understanding Polkadot Staking: The NPoS Protocol

了解 Polkadot 质押：NPoS 协议

At the heart of Polkadot's staking mechanism lies the Nominated Proof of Stake (NPoS) protocol. Unlike the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm employed by Bitcoin, NPoS relies on a network of validators and nominators to secure the network and verify transactions. Validators are responsible for proposing and finalizing blocks, while nominators play a crucial role in selecting the validators they believe are most capable and trustworthy.

Polkadot 质押机制的核心是提名权益证明 (NPoS) 协议。与比特币采用的工作量证明 (PoW) 共识算法不同，NPoS 依赖验证者和提名者网络来保护网络并验证交易。验证者负责提议和最终确定区块，而提名者在选择他们认为最有能力和最值得信赖的验证者方面发挥着至关重要的作用。

How Polkadot Staking Works: A Step-by-Step Guide

Polkadot 质押如何运作：分步指南

To participate in Polkadot staking, users have the flexibility to choose from several methods, each with its own advantages and complexities.

要参与 Polkadot 质押，用户可以灵活地选择多种方法，每种方法都有自己的优点和复杂性。

1. Native DOT Staking:

1.原生DOT质押：

• Joining a Nomination Pool: Ideal for beginners, this option allows users to join a pool of DOT holders and have their stake managed by a pool operator. With a minimum stake of only 1 DOT, users can earn rewards without actively participating in the selection of validators.
• Operating a Nomination Pool: Suited for intermediate users, this option empowers individuals to create their own nomination pools and select validators. A minimum of 500 DOT is required to establish a pool, and pool operators are responsible for managing the nominations on behalf of other participants.
• Nominating Directly: This option is appropriate for intermediate users who wish to actively participate in the validator selection process. With a minimum stake of 550.290 DOT (as of April 2024), users can manage their own list of validators and earn rewards based on their selections.
• Running a Validator: This advanced option is reserved for experienced users with technical expertise. Validator nodes are responsible for block production and transaction verification, and they require a high level of technical proficiency and community trust.

2. Third-Party Decentralized Protocols:

加入提名池：此选项非常适合初学者，允许用户加入 DOT 持有者池并由池运营商管理其股份。最低权益仅需 1 DOT，用户无需主动参与验证人的选择即可获得奖励。 操作提名池：该选项适合中级用户，该选项使个人能够创建自己的提名池并选择验证人。建立池至少需要 500 DOT，池运营商负责代表其他参与者管理提名。 直接提名：此选项适合希望积极参与验证者选择过程的中级用户。最低权益为 550.290 DOT（截至 2024 年 4 月），用户可以管理自己的验证者列表，并根据他们的选择获得奖励。运行验证者：此高级选项专为具有技术专业知识的经验丰富的用户保留。验证节点负责区块生产和交易验证，需要较高的技术熟练度和社区信任度。 2．第三方去中心化协议：

These platforms offer liquid staking, allowing users to stake any amount of DOT and receive a synthetic token that represents their stake. Third-party protocols offer flexible unbonding periods and the ability to access liquid markets, but they also introduce additional trust assumptions and potential risks.

这些平台提供流动性质押，允许用户质押任意数量的 DOT 并接收代表其质押的合成代币。第三方协议提供了灵活的解除绑定期限和进入流动市场的能力，但它们也引入了额外的信任假设和潜在风险。

3. Centralized Exchanges:

3、中心化交易所：

Several cryptocurrency exchanges, such as Binance and Coinbase, offer staking services for DOT. These platforms provide a convenient and user-friendly interface but come with higher trust assumptions as the exchange retains control over the staked assets.

Binance 和 Coinbase 等多家加密货币交易所为 DOT 提供质押服务。这些平台提供了方便且用户友好的界面，但由于交易所保留对质押资产的控制权，因此具有更高的信任假设。

Benefits of Staking Polkadot (DOT):

质押 Polkadot (DOT) 的好处：

• Earn Passive Rewards: Stakers receive rewards for supporting validators and contributing to the network's security.
• Low Barrier to Entry: DOT staking is accessible to users with varying levels of technical expertise and financial resources.
• Transparency and Non-Custody: Native DOT staking is transparent and non-custodial, meaning users retain full control of their staked assets.
• Abundant Options: Users can choose from a range of staking methods, including native staking, third-party protocols, and centralized exchanges, to suit their preferences.

Risks and Considerations of Polkadot Staking:

获得被动奖励：质押者因支持验证者和为网络安全做出贡献而获得奖励。进入门槛低：具有不同水平的技术专业知识和财务资源的用户都可以使用 DOT 质押。透明度和非托管：原生 DOT 质押是透明且透明的非托管，意味着用户保留对其质押资产的完全控制权。 丰富的选择：用户可以根据自己的喜好选择多种质押方式，包括原生质押、第三方协议、中心化交易所等。 Polkadot 的风险和注意事项质押：

• Slashing: Validators who engage in malicious behavior or act against the network's interests risk losing a portion of their staked DOT. Nominators and pool participants also bear the risk of their chosen validators being slashed.
• Protocol-Level Risks: While Polkadot has a proven track record of security, it is not immune to potential protocol-level vulnerabilities or network failures.
• Unbonding Period: Unbonding staked DOT takes approximately 28 days, which can be a lengthy period in volatile market conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions:

削减：参与恶意行为或违背网络利益的验证者可能会失去部分质押的 DOT。提名者和矿池参与者还承担其选择的验证者被削减的风险。 协议级风险：虽然 Polkadot 拥有经过验证的安全记录，但它也不能免受潜在协议级漏洞或网络故障的影响。 解绑期：解绑质押的 DOT大约需要 28 天，在波动的市场条件下这可能会很长。常见问题：

1. How to Unstake DOT?

1.如何解押DOT？

Unstaking DOT varies depending on the staking method. For native staking, it can be done through the Polkadot staking dashboard. Third-party protocols and centralized exchanges have their own procedures for unstaking.

解除质押 DOT 根据质押方法而有所不同。对于原生质押，可以通过 Polkadot 质押仪表板完成。第三方协议和中心化交易所都有自己的取消质押程序。

2. Can You Stake DOT on Coinbase?

2. 可以在 Coinbase 上质押 DOT 吗？

Yes, Coinbase offers DOT staking services with varying rewards based on the duration of the staking period.

是的，Coinbase 提供 DOT 质押服务，并根据质押期限的持续时间提供不同的奖励。

3. Is Polkadot Staking Available in the USA?

3. Polkadot 质押在美国可用吗？

Yes, Coinbase and Kraken, two of the largest cryptocurrency exchanges in the United States, allow users to stake DOT.

是的，美国最大的两家加密货币交易所 Coinbase 和 Kraken 允许用户质押 DOT。

4. Is There a Polkadot Stake Calculator?

4. 有 Polkadot 权益计算器吗？

Multiple third-party services offer estimates of current Polkadot staking rewards. However, the most accurate and up-to-date information can be obtained from the official Polkadot staking dashboard.

多个第三方服务提供当前 Polkadot 质押奖励的估算。然而，最准确和最新的信息可以从官方 Polkadot 质押仪表板获得。