特朗普希望美国成为“世界的加密首都”

比特币通常被吹捧为全球储备货币美元的替代品，因为只会生产有限的硬币。

Former U.S. President Donald Trump has said he wants the United States to be a leader in digital money by creating a strategic reserve of digital currencies.

美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）表示，他希望美国通过创建战略性的数字货币储备来成为数字资金的领导者。

The announcement, made in a post on his social media platform Truth Social on Sunday, drew a euphoric response from crypto advocates. But skeptics argued that it would expose U.S. taxpayers to the huge price volatility of most digital currencies and that Trump would be better advised to focus on reducing the national debt.

这一宣布在周日的社交媒体平台真相社交上的帖子中发表，引起了加密宣言的欣喜。但是怀疑论者认为，它将使美国纳税人大多数数字货币的巨大价格波动，并且建议特朗普更好地专注于减少国家债务。

Trump said that an executive order he signed in January on digital assets would create a stockpile or strategic reserve of cryptocurrencies, namely bitcoin, ether, XRP, solana and cardano.

特朗普说，他在一月份就数字资产签署的一项行政命令将创建一个加密货币的库存或战略储备，即比特币，以太币，XRP，Solana和Cardano。

„A U.S. Crypto Reserve will elevate this critical industry after years of corrupt attacks by the Biden Administration. I will make sure the U.S. is the Crypto Capital of the World.,“ Trump wrote.

``在拜登政府遭受了多年的腐败袭击之后，美国加密储备将提升这个关键行业。我将确保美国是世界的加密之都。”特朗普写道。

No other details about the plan were revealed. Trump, who was once anti-crypto, has become a growing fan of alternative currencies. He first mooted the idea of a strategic stockpile at the Bitcoin 2024 Conference in Nashville, Tennessee, in July.

没有透露有关该计划的其他细节。特朗普曾经是反克雷普托，已经成为替代货币的粉丝。他首先在7月在田纳西州纳什维尔举行的2024年比特币2024会议上提出了战略库存的想法。

The concept has been proposed before. U.S. public broadcaster NPR reported this week that one Republican senator introduced a bill last year to buy 1 million bitcoin as a federal stockpile. NPR said the Bitcoin Policy Institute had also proposed a similar plan for now-Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent in December.

这个概念以前提出了。美国公共广播公司NPR本周报道说，一位共和党参议员去年提出了一项法案，以购买100万比特币作为联邦库存。 NPR表示，比特币政策研究所还为12月的现任秘书Scott Bessent提出了类似的计划。

U.S. agencies currently hold 198.109 bitcoins, worth around $18.1 billion (€16.7 billion) as of Thursday, according to a tally by Arkham Intelligence. Most of the holdings are the seized proceeds of crime, including drug trafficking, money laundering and hacking. The government also holds millions of dollars of seized ethereum, tether and other smaller digital coins.

根据Arkham Intelligence的一项统计数据，美国机构目前持有198.109比特币，价值约181亿美元（167亿欧元）。大部分持股是扣押的犯罪收益，包括贩毒，洗钱和黑客攻击。政府还持有数百万美元的以太坊，系绳和其他较小的数字硬币。

Bo Hines, the head of an interagency working group tasked with creating the stockpile, told the Wall Street Journal this week that their first job was to audit the U.S. government’s existing cryptocurrency holdings.

Bo Hines是一个负责创建股票的机构间工作组的负责人，他本周告诉《华尔街日报》，他们的第一份工作是审核美国政府现有的加密货币持有。

What is a strategic reserve?

什么是战略储备？

A strategic reserve is a stockpile of vital resources kept by governments or large organizations to provide a safety net during hard times.

战略储备是政府或大型组织保留的重要资源的库存，以在艰难时期提供安全网。

Examples include the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which helps ensure a regular supply of oil during crises, food reserves, including stockpiles of grain, to protect against hunger, and the stockpiling of vaccines by the U.S. and European Union during the Covid-19 pandemic.

例子包括美国战略石油储备，这有助于确保在危机期间定期供应石油，包括谷物储备在内的食物储备，以防止饥饿，以及在COVID-19大流行期间美国和欧洲联盟储存疫苗。

Countries also maintain monetary reserves, like foreign currencies or gold, to stabilize their economies and facilitate trade. The U.S. government, for example, holds around 8,133 metric tons of gold, most of it at the United States Bullion Depository at Fort Knox, Kentucky.

各国还维持货币或黄金等货币储备，以稳定其经济并促进贸易。例如，美国政府拥有约8,133吨的黄金，其中大部分在肯塔基州诺克斯堡的美国金条存放处。

Increasingly, reserves of critical minerals needed for technology, the energy transition and defense are also being established.

越来越多的技术矿产储备，还建立了能源过渡和防御。

Will a crypto stockpile work?

加密货币会库存吗？

Proponents say a crypto strategic reserve could help financial stability by diversifying U.S. national reserves beyond traditional assets like gold and foreign currencies.

支持者说，加密战略储备可以通过使美国国民储备多样化的传统资产（如黄金和外币）来帮助金融稳​​定。

Such a stockpile would also help legitimize cryptocurrencies, encouraging more financial institutions to hold them. The likes of bitcoin are still viewed by many institutional investors with suspicion due to their price volatility and decentralization.

这样的股票也将有助于使加密货币合法化，鼓励更多的金融机构持有它们。许多机构投资者仍然怀疑比特币之类的人，因为其价格波动和权力下放。

But some analysts are concerned about how Trump will fund the purchases when his administration is seeking tens of billions of dollars in public sector cuts, with help from Tesla CEO Elon Musk.

但是，一些分析师担心特朗普在特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）的帮助下，当他的政府寻求数百亿美元的公共部门削减时，他将如何为购买提供资金。

Bitcoin recently reached an all-time high of more than $109,000, a doubling in price since September, meaning any stockpile could be a costly purchase for the Trump administration. One million bitcoins would cost around $86 billion at today’s price.

比特币最近达到了109,000美元以上的历史最高点，自9月以来的价格增加了一倍，这意味着任何股票对于特朗普政府来说都是昂贵的。以今天的价格，一百万比特币将花费约860亿美元。

„Based on the US carrying $36 trillion in debt, the only way we can see a Reserve being established is by a transfer of crypto held by the US government from proceeds of crime into a reserve, which amounts to no on-market buying,” Tony Sycamore, market analyst at IG, wrote on X on Monday.

“基于美国承担36万亿美元的债务，我们看到建立储备金的唯一方法是通过美国政府从犯罪收益中持有的加密货币转移到储备金中，这相当于没有市场购买，”

Some skeptics think the value of the stockpile could vanish in a market crash. Others accuse Trump of favoritism toward a highly speculative investment, without providing clear strategic benefits for the nation.

一些怀疑论者认为，股票的价值可能会在市场崩溃中消失。其他人则指责特朗普对高度投机的投资有偏爱，而没有为国家提供明显的战略利益。

Many of Trump’s backers are big crypto investors. Trump, himself, has a meme coin named after him.

特朗普的许多支持者都是大加密投资者。特朗普本人有一个模因硬币以他的名字命名。

Other critics point to the contradiction between creating a government stockpile of an asset that is deemed anti-establishment. Bitcoin was originally designed as a way to bypass government and central bank control.

其他批评家指出，建立政府库存的资产是被认为是反建立的。比特币最初被设计为绕过政府和中央银行控制的一种方式。

Some crypto fans worry that if more governments begin stockpiling the likes of bitcoin, they could potentially start to manipulate the crypto market, just as they do with gold and currencies.

一些加密货币粉丝担心，如果更多的政府开始库存比特币之类的产品，他们可能会开始操纵加密货币市场，就像使用黄金和货币一样。

The gold price last month reached a record high of $2,956, much of it down to large purchases by Poland, Turkey, India and China.

上个月的黄金价格达到了2,956美元的创纪录，其中大部分归功于波兰，土耳其，印度和中国的大量购买。

Trump now faces significant legal and political hurdles before the stockpile becomes a reality as the idea

特朗普现在在库存成为现实之前面临重大的法律和政治障碍