特朗普希望美國成為“世界的加密首都”

比特幣通常被吹捧為全球儲備貨幣美元的替代品，因為只會生產有限的硬幣。

Former U.S. President Donald Trump has said he wants the United States to be a leader in digital money by creating a strategic reserve of digital currencies.

美國前總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）表示，他希望美國通過創建戰略性的數字貨幣儲備來成為數字資金的領導者。

The announcement, made in a post on his social media platform Truth Social on Sunday, drew a euphoric response from crypto advocates. But skeptics argued that it would expose U.S. taxpayers to the huge price volatility of most digital currencies and that Trump would be better advised to focus on reducing the national debt.

這一宣佈在週日的社交媒體平台真相社交上的帖子中發表，引起了加密宣言的欣喜。但是懷疑論者認為，它將使美國納稅人大多數數字貨幣的巨大價格波動，並且建議特朗普更好地專注於減少國家債務。

Trump said that an executive order he signed in January on digital assets would create a stockpile or strategic reserve of cryptocurrencies, namely bitcoin, ether, XRP, solana and cardano.

特朗普說，他在一月份就數字資產簽署的一項行政命令將創建一個加密貨幣的庫存或戰略儲備，即比特幣，以太幣，XRP，Solana和Cardano。

„A U.S. Crypto Reserve will elevate this critical industry after years of corrupt attacks by the Biden Administration. I will make sure the U.S. is the Crypto Capital of the World.,“ Trump wrote.

``在拜登政府遭受了多年的腐敗襲擊之後，美國加密儲備將提升這個關鍵行業。我將確保美國是世界的加密之都。”特朗普寫道。

No other details about the plan were revealed. Trump, who was once anti-crypto, has become a growing fan of alternative currencies. He first mooted the idea of a strategic stockpile at the Bitcoin 2024 Conference in Nashville, Tennessee, in July.

沒有透露有關該計劃的其他細節。特朗普曾經是反克雷普托，已經成為替代貨幣的粉絲。他首先在7月在田納西州納什維爾舉行的2024年比特幣2024會議上提出了戰略庫存的想法。

The concept has been proposed before. U.S. public broadcaster NPR reported this week that one Republican senator introduced a bill last year to buy 1 million bitcoin as a federal stockpile. NPR said the Bitcoin Policy Institute had also proposed a similar plan for now-Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent in December.

這個概念以前提出了。美國公共廣播公司NPR本週報導說，一位共和黨參議員去年提出了一項法案，以購買100萬比特幣作為聯邦庫存。 NPR表示，比特幣政策研究所還為12月的現任秘書Scott Bessent提出了類似的計劃。

U.S. agencies currently hold 198.109 bitcoins, worth around $18.1 billion (€16.7 billion) as of Thursday, according to a tally by Arkham Intelligence. Most of the holdings are the seized proceeds of crime, including drug trafficking, money laundering and hacking. The government also holds millions of dollars of seized ethereum, tether and other smaller digital coins.

根據Arkham Intelligence的一項統計數據，美國機構目前持有198.109比特幣，價值約181億美元（167億歐元）。大部分持股是扣押的犯罪收益，包括販毒，洗錢和黑客攻擊。政府還持有數百萬美元的以太坊，繫繩和其他較小的數字硬幣。

Bo Hines, the head of an interagency working group tasked with creating the stockpile, told the Wall Street Journal this week that their first job was to audit the U.S. government’s existing cryptocurrency holdings.

Bo Hines是一個負責創建股票的機構間工作組的負責人，他本週告訴《華爾街日報》，他們的第一份工作是審核美國政府現有的加密貨幣持有。

What is a strategic reserve?

什麼是戰略儲備？

A strategic reserve is a stockpile of vital resources kept by governments or large organizations to provide a safety net during hard times.

戰略儲備是政府或大型組織保留的重要資源的庫存，以在艱難時期提供安全網。

Examples include the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve, which helps ensure a regular supply of oil during crises, food reserves, including stockpiles of grain, to protect against hunger, and the stockpiling of vaccines by the U.S. and European Union during the Covid-19 pandemic.

例子包括美國戰略石油儲備，這有助於確保在危機期間定期供應石油，包括穀物儲備在內的食物儲備，以防止飢餓，以及在COVID-19大流行期間美國和歐洲聯盟儲存疫苗。

Countries also maintain monetary reserves, like foreign currencies or gold, to stabilize their economies and facilitate trade. The U.S. government, for example, holds around 8,133 metric tons of gold, most of it at the United States Bullion Depository at Fort Knox, Kentucky.

各國還維持貨幣或黃金等貨幣儲備，以穩定其經濟並促進貿易。例如，美國政府擁有約8,133噸的黃金，其中大部分在肯塔基州諾克斯堡的美國金條存放處。

Increasingly, reserves of critical minerals needed for technology, the energy transition and defense are also being established.

越來越多的技術礦產儲備，還建立了能源過渡和防禦。

Will a crypto stockpile work?

加密貨幣會庫存嗎？

Proponents say a crypto strategic reserve could help financial stability by diversifying U.S. national reserves beyond traditional assets like gold and foreign currencies.

支持者說，加密戰略儲備可以通過使美國國民儲備多樣化的傳統資產（如黃金和外幣）來幫助金融穩​​定。

Such a stockpile would also help legitimize cryptocurrencies, encouraging more financial institutions to hold them. The likes of bitcoin are still viewed by many institutional investors with suspicion due to their price volatility and decentralization.

這樣的股票也將有助於使加密貨幣合法化，鼓勵更多的金融機構持有它們。許多機構投資者仍然懷疑比特幣之類的人，因為其價格波動和權力下放。

But some analysts are concerned about how Trump will fund the purchases when his administration is seeking tens of billions of dollars in public sector cuts, with help from Tesla CEO Elon Musk.

但是，一些分析師擔心特朗普在特斯拉首席執行官埃隆·馬斯克（Elon Musk）的幫助下，當他的政府尋求數百億美元的公共部門削減時，他將如何為購買提供資金。

Bitcoin recently reached an all-time high of more than $109,000, a doubling in price since September, meaning any stockpile could be a costly purchase for the Trump administration. One million bitcoins would cost around $86 billion at today’s price.

比特幣最近達到了109,000美元以上的歷史最高點，自9月以來的價格增加了一倍，這意味著任何股票對於特朗普政府來說都是昂貴的。以今天的價格，一百萬比特幣將花費約860億美元。

„Based on the US carrying $36 trillion in debt, the only way we can see a Reserve being established is by a transfer of crypto held by the US government from proceeds of crime into a reserve, which amounts to no on-market buying,” Tony Sycamore, market analyst at IG, wrote on X on Monday.

“基於美國承擔36萬億美元的債務，我們看到建立儲備金的唯一方法是通過美國政府從犯罪收益中持有的加密貨幣轉移到儲備金中，這相當於沒有市場購買，”

Some skeptics think the value of the stockpile could vanish in a market crash. Others accuse Trump of favoritism toward a highly speculative investment, without providing clear strategic benefits for the nation.

一些懷疑論者認為，股票的價值可能會在市場崩潰中消失。其他人則指責特朗普對高度投機的投資有偏愛，而沒有為國家提供明顯的戰略利益。

Many of Trump’s backers are big crypto investors. Trump, himself, has a meme coin named after him.

特朗普的許多支持者都是大加密投資者。特朗普本人有一個模因硬幣以他的名字命名。

Other critics point to the contradiction between creating a government stockpile of an asset that is deemed anti-establishment. Bitcoin was originally designed as a way to bypass government and central bank control.

其他批評家指出，建立政府庫存的資產是被認為是反建立的。比特幣最初被設計為繞過政府和中央銀行控制的一種方式。

Some crypto fans worry that if more governments begin stockpiling the likes of bitcoin, they could potentially start to manipulate the crypto market, just as they do with gold and currencies.

一些加密貨幣粉絲擔心，如果更多的政府開始庫存比特幣之類的產品，他們可能會開始操縱加密貨幣市場，就像使用黃金和貨幣一樣。

The gold price last month reached a record high of $2,956, much of it down to large purchases by Poland, Turkey, India and China.

上個月的黃金價格達到了2,956美元的創紀錄，其中大部分歸功於波蘭，土耳其，印度和中國的大量購買。

Trump now faces significant legal and political hurdles before the stockpile becomes a reality as the idea

特朗普現在在庫存成為現實之前面臨重大的法律和政治障礙