投资组合多元化的十大替代加密货币选择

加密货币爱好者现在有超过 5,000 种山寨币可供选择，提供比特币以外的各种功能。本文探讨了市值最高的十大山寨币，包括以太币（ETH）、泰达币（USDT）、美元币（USDC）、瑞波币（XRP）和卡尔达诺（ADA）。对每种山寨币进行了简要描述，重点介绍了其主要特征和价值主张。本文还讨论了 XRP 最近取得的法律胜利以及狗狗币作为新加密货币投资者切入点的吸引力。

Alternative Cryptocurrency Investments: A Comprehensive Guide to the Top 10 Altcoins

另类加密货币投资：十大山寨币综合指南

Since its inception in 2008, Bitcoin has sparked a surge in the development and proliferation of alternative cryptocurrencies, known as altcoins. These altcoins offer a vast array of functionalities, providing investors with opportunities to diversify their cryptocurrency portfolios beyond Bitcoin.

自 2008 年诞生以来，比特币引发了替代加密货币（即山寨币）的开发和扩散激增。这些山寨币提供了广泛的功能，为投资者提供了在比特币之外实现加密货币投资组合多元化的机会。

Ethereum (ETH)

以太坊（ETH）

Ethereum is the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum blockchain, a global software platform that supports a wide range of decentralized applications, including smart contracts, games, and financial transactions. Ethereum also facilitates the minting and storage of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). Launched in 2015, Ethereum has amassed a substantial market capitalization of over £316 billion as of April 2024. Each Ether (ETH) token is valued at approximately £2,630, significantly below its all-time high of £4,022.12 in November 2021.

以太坊是以太坊区块链的原生加密货币，以太坊区块链是一个全球软件平台，支持广泛的去中心化应用程序，包括智能合约、游戏和金融交易。以太坊还促进了不可替代代币（NFT）的铸造和存储。以太坊于 2015 年推出，截至 2024 年 4 月，其市值已超过 3,160 亿英镑。每个以太坊 (ETH) 代币的价值约为 2,630 英镑，远低于 2021 年 11 月创下的历史高点 4,022.12 英镑。

Tether (USDT)

泰达币（USDT）

Introduced in 2017, Tether is a stablecoin pegged to the value of the US dollar. Stablecoins are cryptocurrencies designed to maintain a stable value by being backed by fiat currencies or other assets. For each Tether coin issued, its creators hold $1 in reserve, ensuring its value remains close to $1 at all times. This stability makes Tether a popular choice for transferring value between exchanges, as its value is less volatile compared to other cryptocurrencies. However, stablecoins are not immune to fluctuations, as evidenced by the collapse of Terra USD in May 2022, which raised concerns about the stability of Tether and other stablecoins.

Tether 于 2017 年推出，是一种与美元价值挂钩的稳定币。稳定币是一种加密货币，旨在通过法定货币或其他资产的支持来维持稳定的价值。每发行一枚 Tether 代币，其创建者都会持有 1 美元的储备金，确保其价值始终保持在接近 1 美元的水平。这种稳定性使 Tether 成为交易所之间转移价值的热门选择，因为与其他加密货币相比，其价值波动较小。然而，稳定币也不能免受波动的影响，2022 年 5 月 Terra USD 的崩盘就证明了这一点，这引发了人们对 Tether 和其他稳定币稳定性的担忧。

Binance Coin (BNB)

币安币 (BNB)

Binance Coin (BNB) was launched in 2017 and operates on the Ethereum blockchain. During its initial coin offering (ICO), Binance issued 200 million BNB coins. The platform periodically buys back and burns a portion of these coins, reducing the supply and increasing the value of those remaining in circulation. As of April 2024, BNB is valued at £461, with a market capitalization of approximately £69 billion.

币安币 (BNB) 于 2017 年推出，在以太坊区块链上运行。在首次代币发行 (ICO) 期间，币安发行了 2 亿枚 BNB 代币。该平台定期回购并销毁部分代币，从而减少供应并增加剩余流通代币的价值。截至 2024 年 4 月，BNB 估值为 461 英镑，市值约为 690 亿英镑。

Solana (SOL)

索拉纳 (太阳)

Similar to Ethereum, the Solana blockchain platform was established with the primary objective of hosting decentralized applications. Both the platform and its native cryptocurrency, SOL, were introduced in 2020. A key advantage of Solana lies in its low transaction fees, significantly lower than those of its competitors. The platform boasts an impressive processing speed, capable of handling up to 65,000 transactions per second, facilitated by a novel "proof-of-history" verification process. This method attaches a timestamp to each block, creating an immutable record of transaction order. As of April 2024, Solana is valued at approximately £147, with a market capitalization of £65 billion.

与以太坊类似，Solana 区块链平台的主要目标是托管去中心化应用程序。该平台及其原生加密货币 SOL 均于 2020 年推出。Solana 的一个主要优势在于交易费用低廉，明显低于竞争对手。该平台拥有令人印象深刻的处理速度，每秒能够处理多达 65,000 笔交易，这得益于新颖的“历史证明”验证流程。该方法为每个块附加一个时间戳，创建交易顺序的不可变记录。截至 2024 年 4 月，Solana 估值约为 147 英镑，市值为 650 亿英镑。

USD Coin (USDC)

美元硬币 (USDC)

USD Coin (USDC) is another stablecoin tied to the value of the US dollar. For every USDC in circulation, $1 is held in reserve. Upon exchange with fiat currency, USDC coins are destroyed, ensuring the parity between the number of coins in circulation and the amount of US dollars held in reserve. Launched in 2018, USDC remains pegged at $1, with a market capitalization of £26.1 billion.

美元硬币（USDC）是另一种与美元价值挂钩的稳定币。每流通一个 USDC，就有 1 美元作为储备。在与法定货币兑换后，USDC 硬币将被销毁，确保流通中的硬币数量与储备美元数量之间的平价。 USDC 于 2018 年推出，目前仍与 1 美元挂钩，市值为 261 亿英镑。

XRP (XRP)

瑞波币 (XRP)

XRP is primarily known for its use on the Ripple global money transfer network. Launched in 2012, XRP transactions are not validated through the proof-of-work or proof-of-stake mechanisms common in other cryptocurrencies. Instead, transfers are processed by network participants known as validators. Transactions made through Ripple incur a minimal fee, a fraction of an XRP token, which is subsequently destroyed. In July 2023, XRP gained significant value following a court ruling that classified it as a non-security, dismissing allegations made by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). As of April 2024, XRP has a market capitalization of £25 billion, with each coin valued at approximately £0.46.

XRP 主要因其在 Ripple 全球汇款网络上的使用而闻名。 XRP 交易于 2012 年推出，并未通过其他加密货币中常见的工作量证明或权益证明机制进行验证。相反，传输由称为验证器的网络参与者进行处理。通过 Ripple 进行的交易需要支付最低费用，即 XRP 代币的一小部分，该费用随后会被销毁。 2023 年 7 月，法院裁决将 XRP 归类为非证券，驳回了美国证券交易委员会 (SEC) 的指控，随后 XRP 获得了巨大的价值。截至 2024 年 4 月，XRP 的市值为 250 亿英镑，每枚币的价值约为 0.46 英镑。

Dogecoin (DOGE)

狗狗币 (DOGE)

What began as a playful meme currency has evolved into a formidable crypto asset. Dogecoin was conceived in late 2013, employing blockchain technology derived from Litecoin and featuring an iconic Shiba Inu dog logo. Its lighthearted origins and unlimited supply have made it an accessible entry point into the cryptocurrency market for novice investors. Dogecoin experienced a meteoric rise in 2022, reaching an all-time high of £0.58, driven partly by Elon Musk's public endorsements. However, its value has since declined, trading at approximately £0.14 in April 2024, with a market capitalization of around £20.5 billion.

最初是一种有趣的模因货币，现已发展成为一种强大的加密资产。狗狗币于 2013 年底构思，采用源自莱特币的区块链技术，并具有标志性的柴犬标志。它轻松的起源和无限的供应使其成为新手投资者进入加密货币市场的切入点。狗狗币在 2022 年经历了飞速上涨，达到了 0.58 英镑的历史新高，部分原因是埃隆·马斯克的公开支持。然而，此后其价值有所下降，2024 年 4 月交易价格约为 0.14 英镑，市值约为 205 亿英镑。

Cardano (ADA)

卡尔达诺（ADA）

Cardano, created in 2017 by Ethereum co-founder Charles Hoskinson, is the native cryptocurrency of the Cardano blockchain platform. Unlike Bitcoin, Cardano utilizes the proof-of-stake mechanism to validate and process transactions. This approach consumes significantly less energy compared to proof-of-work systems, where every device in the network competes to verify each block of transactions. In April 2024, Cardano is valued at £0.46, with a market capitalization of £16.3 billion.

Cardano 由以太坊联合创始人 Charles Hoskinson 于 2017 年创建，是 Cardano 区块链平台的原生加密货币。与比特币不同，卡尔达诺利用权益证明机制来验证和处理交易。与工作量证明系统相比，这种方法消耗的能源要少得多，在工作量证明系统中，网络中的每个设备都竞相验证每个交易块。 2024年4月，卡尔达诺估值为0.46英镑，市值为163亿英镑。

Avalanche (AVAX)

雪崩 (AVAX)

Avalanche (AVAX) is a relatively recent entrant to the cryptocurrency landscape, having emerged in 2020. Despite its short history, it has rapidly gained popularity as an alternative to Ethereum for developers. Avalanche has become one of the leading cryptocurrencies, boasting a market capitalization of approximately £14 billion. AVAX is currently trading at £37.25.

Avalanche (AVAX) 是加密货币领域相对较新的进入者，于 2020 年出现。尽管历史较短，但它作为以太坊的替代品已迅速受到开发者的欢迎。 Avalanche 已成为领先的加密货币之一，市值约为 140 亿英镑。 AVAX 目前的交易价格为 37.25 英镑。

Toncoin (TON)

东币 (TON)

Introduced in June 2020, Toncoin is the native cryptocurrency of The Open Network (TON), the blockchain it operates on. TON was developed by Telegram Messenger, enabling users to send and receive payments through the Telegram app. Like other newer cryptocurrencies, transactions on the TON blockchain are validated using a proof-of-stake mechanism, requiring less energy consumption than proof-of-work systems. As of April 2024, each Toncoin is valued at £3.99, with a market capitalization of approximately £13.9 billion.

Toncoin 于 2020 年 6 月推出，是其运行的区块链开放网络 (TON) 的原生加密货币。 TON 由 Telegram Messenger 开发，使用户能够通过 Telegram 应用程序发送和接收付款。与其他较新的加密货币一样，TON 区块链上的交易使用权益证明机制进行验证，比工作量证明系统所需的能源消耗更少。截至 2024 年 4 月，每个 Toncoin 的价值为 3.99 英镑，市值约为 139 亿英镑。

Considerations for Altcoin Diversification

山寨币多元化的考虑因素

When diversifying one's cryptocurrency portfolio beyond Bitcoin, several key factors should be considered:

当将加密货币投资组合多元化到比特币之外时，应考虑几个关键因素：

• Market Capitalization: Market capitalization provides an indication of the overall value and stability of a cryptocurrency, as it reflects the total market value of all coins in circulation. Larger market capitalization typically indicates a more established and widely accepted cryptocurrency.
• Functionality: Altcoins offer a wide range of functionalities beyond being merely a store of value. Consider the specific use cases and value propositions of different altcoins, such as their role in decentralized applications, payment networks, or smart contract platforms.
• Volatility: Cryptocurrency prices are inherently volatile, and altcoins can be particularly susceptible to market fluctuations. Research the historical volatility of altcoins and consider their risk profile in relation to your investment goals and tolerance for risk.
• Liquidity: Liquidity refers to the ease with which an asset can be converted into cash or other assets. Altcoins with high liquidity offer greater flexibility and ease of trading, while less liquid altcoins may be more difficult to sell or exchange.
• Long-Term Prospects: Evaluate the long-term growth potential and sustainability of an altcoin. Consider its development roadmap, team, partnerships, and broader adoption within the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

Disclaimer

市值：市值反映了加密货币的整体价值和稳定性，因为它反映了所有流通货币的总市值。较大的市值通常表明一种更成熟且被广泛接受的加密货币。 功能：山寨币提供了广泛的功能，而不仅仅是一种价值存储。考虑不同山寨币的具体用例和价值主张，例如它们在去中心化应用程序、支付网络或智能合约平台中的作用。 波动性：加密货币价格本质上是不稳定的，山寨币特别容易受到市场波动的影响。研究山寨币的历史波动性，并考虑其与您的投资目标和风险承受能力相关的风险状况。流动性：流动性是指资产转换为现金或其他资产的难易程度。具有高流动性的山寨币提供更大的灵活性和交易便利性，而流动性较低的山寨币可能更难以出售或交换。长期前景：评估山寨币的长期增长潜力和可持续性。考虑其开发路线图、团队、合作伙伴关系以及在加密货币生态系统中更广泛的采用。免责声明

The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be construed as financial advice. Cryptocurrency investments carry inherent risk, and individuals should always conduct thorough research and consult with qualified financial professionals before making any investment decisions.

本文提供的信息仅用于教育目的，不应被视为财务建议。加密货币投资具有固有的风险，个人在做出任何投资决定之前应始终进行彻底的研究并咨询合格的金融专业人士。