什么是 NFT？不可替代代币初学者指南

不可替代代币（NFT）是一种使用区块链技术将所有权与独一无二的物理或数字物品联系起来的数字资产

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are a type of digital asset that uses blockchain technology to link ownership to one-of-a-kind physical or digital items, such as artwork or music.

不可替代代币（NFT）是一种数字资产，它使用区块链技术将所有权与独一无二的物理或数字物品（例如艺术品或音乐）联系起来。

NFTs are non-fungible, meaning each token has unique properties and isn't worth the same amount as similar tokens. Art and collectibles are often considered non-fungible since only one original exists.

NFT 是不可替代的，这意味着每个代币都具有独特的属性，并且与类似代币的价值不同。艺术品和收藏品通常被认为是不可替代的，因为只有一件原件存在。

Digital art is the most popular type of NFT and heavily contributed to the NFT boom in 2021. However, the decentralized technology can be applied to various virtual and tangible assets, including real estate and virtual works.

数字艺术是最受欢迎的 NFT 类型，对 2021 年 NFT 热潮做出了巨大贡献。然而，去中心化技术可以应用于各种虚拟和有形资产，包括房地产和虚拟作品。

NFT ownership involves security risks, including high volatility and the potential for substantial loss. If you're a cryptocurrency investor, these concerns likely sound familiar.

NFT 所有权涉及安全风险，包括高波动性和潜在的重大损失。如果您是加密货币投资者，这些担忧可能听起来很熟悉。

The NFT market experienced a major downturn in 2022 and 2023. Despite these challenges, the NFT market remains resilient and still an active community of sellers and traders. Developers are exploring new ways to use NFTs and blockchain technology by adapting emerging trends like gaming, the metaverse, and improvements in security, accessibility, and user experience.

NFT 市场在 2022 年和 2023 年经历了大幅下滑。尽管面临这些挑战，NFT 市场仍然保持弹性，并且仍然是一个活跃的卖家和交易者社区。开发人员正在通过适应游戏、元宇宙等新兴趋势以及安全性、可访问性和用户体验的改进来探索使用 NFT 和区块链技术的新方法。

Many of the best cryptocurrency exchanges provide investors access to the NFT market.

许多最好的加密货币交易所为投资者提供进入 NFT 市场的机会。

The first NFTs emerged in 2014, but the market didn't start gaining traction until 2017, when high-demand digital art pieces like Rare Pepes and CryptoPunks were released.

第一批 NFT 出现于 2014 年，但直到 2017 年 Rare Pepes 和 CryptoPunks 等高需求数字艺术作品发布后，市场才开始受到关注。

NFTs' popularity skyrocketed in 2021, boosted by celebrity endorsements from big names like Snoop Dogg and Paris Hilton. Even popular brands like Gucci, Coca-Cola, and Budweiser released exclusive NFT collections during this time.

在 Snoop Dogg 和 Paris Hilton 等大牌明星的支持下，NFT 的受欢迎程度在 2021 年飙升。甚至古驰、可口可乐和百威啤酒等热门品牌也在这段时间发布了独家 NFT 系列。

In 2022, the NFT market began to fall as it became oversaturated, with over 1.5 million NFTs actively traded each month.

2022 年，NFT 市场因过度饱和而开始下滑，每月活跃交易量超过 150 万枚 NFT。

At the same time, FTX, one of the key players in the crypto and NFT industry, filed for bankruptcy. Popular crypto coins TerraUSD and LUNA lost nearly all their value, costing investors over $60 million. All these factors, plus various scams and fraudulent activity, led to the fall of NFTs, making many digital assets practically worthless.

与此同时，加密货币和 NFT 行业的主要参与者之一 FTX 申请破产。流行的加密货币 TerraUSD 和 LUNA 几乎失去了所有价值，投资者损失超过 6000 万美元。所有这些因素，加上各种骗局和欺诈活动，导致了 NFT 的衰落，使许多数字资产几乎一文不值。

Since the crash, the NFT market has integrated greater technological advancements to improve its efficiency and security on the blockchain network. It has reached beyond digital art to adopt real-world assets (like tickets and memberships), virtual worlds, fashion, and real estate.

自崩盘以来，NFT 市场整合了更大的技术进步，以提高其在区块链网络上的效率和安全性。它已经超越了数字艺术，采用了现实世界的资产（如门票和会员资格）、虚拟世界、时尚和房地产。

Although nowhere near its 2021 high, NFT appears to be steadily recovering from its fall and adopting stronger regulatory practices and greater use cases.

尽管远未达到 2021 年的高点，但 NFT 似乎正在从跌势中稳步复苏，并采取更强有力的监管措施和更多的用例。

You can buy, sell, trade, and create NFTs from online exchanges or marketplaces. The creator or current owner may choose a specific price. Or, there may be an auction, and you'll have to bid on the NFT. Depending on the marketplace, different fees may be associated with each transaction.

您可以从在线交易所或市场购买、出售、交易和创建 NFT。创建者或当前所有者可以选择特定价格。或者，可能会进行拍卖，你必须对 NFT 进行竞价。根据市场的不同，每笔交易可能会产生不同的费用。

Ethereum is the primary blockchain network for NFTs, in part because it uses token standards that allow users to build their applications.

以太坊是 NFT 的主要区块链网络，部分原因是它使用允许用户构建应用程序的代币标准。

Token standards are application-level specifications that determine how a particular digital token functions, enable interactions between applications and smart contracts, and lay out the foundation rules of the asset. Anyone can create token standards, but standards must be reviewed and accepted by the blockchain network development community.

代币标准是应用程序级规范，确定特定数字代币的功能、实现应用程序和智能合约之间的交互，并制定资产的基本规则。任何人都可以创建代币标准，但标准必须经过区块链网络开发社区的审查和接受。

The two most popular token standards are:

两个最流行的代币标准是：

Different types of digital goods can be "tokenized," such as artwork, items in a game, and stills or videos from a live broadcast. NBA Top Shots is one of the largest NFT marketplaces. The most popular types of NFTs are:

不同类型的数字商品可以“代币化”，例如艺术品、游戏中的物品以及直播中的剧照或视频。 NBA Top Shots 是最大的 NFT 市场之一。最流行的 NFT 类型是：

As the underlying technology and concept advance, NFTs could have many potential applications beyond digital art and videos. For example, a school could issue an NFT to students who have earned a degree and let employers easily verify an applicant's education. Or, a venue could use NFTs to sell and track event tickets, potentially cutting down on resale fraud.

随着底层技术和概念的进步，NFT 可能具有数字艺术和视频之外的许多潜在应用。例如，学校可以向已获得学位的学生颁发 NFT，让雇主轻松验证申请人的教育程度。或者，场馆可以使用 NFT 来销售和跟踪活动门票，从而可能减少转售欺诈。

As the NFT market matures and enables innovative business models, it could become a valuable tool for enhancing efficiency and accessibility in verifying the authenticity of assets.

随着 NFT 市场的成熟并实现创新的商业模式，它可能成为提高验证资产真实性的效率和可访问性的宝贵工具。

NFTs offer a unique set of benefits, especially regarding verifiable ownership.

NFT 提供了一系列独特的好处，特别是在可验证的所有权方面。

Since NFTs are securely recorded on a blockchain, there's a level of insurance that assets are one-of-a-kind. This technology can also make it difficult to alter or counterfeit NFTs.

由于 NFT 被安全地记录在区块链上，因此可以在一定程度上确保资产是独一无二的。这项技术还可以让篡改或伪造 NFT 变得更加困难。

"By creating an NFT, creators are able to verify scarcity and authenticity to just about anything digital," says Solo Ceesay, cofounder and CEO of Calaxy. "To compare it to traditional art collecting, there are endless copies of the Mona Lisa in circulation, but there is only one original. NFT technology helps assign the ownership of the original piece."

Calaxy 联合创始人兼首席执行官 Solo Ceesay 表示：“通过创建 NFT，创作者能够验证任何数字化事物的稀缺性和真实性。” “与传统艺术收藏相比，《蒙娜丽莎》的复制品无数，但原件却只有一件。NFT 技术有助于分配原件的所有权。”

When you buy an NFT, other people may be able to make copies of the image, video, or digital item you own. But, like buying a unique art or limited-series print, the original is typically more valuable. Blockchain technology also makes it easier for the

当您购买 NFT 时，其他人可能能够复制您拥有的图像、视频或数字项目。但是，就像购买独特的艺术品或限量版印刷品一样，原作通常更有价值。区块链技术也让