金管局区块链指南警惕风险，倡导原创比特币解决方案

香港金融管理局（金管局）向银行发布了使用区块链技术的指南，识别潜在风险并强调进行个性化评估的必要性。金管局承认与公共区块链相关的潜在风险，例如不可信的验证者和网络分叉，但强调了通过零知识证明和链下解决方案等措施减轻这些风险的重要性。然而，这篇评论文章认为，许多这些感知到的风险都可以通过原始比特币协议的设计来解决，其中包括可识别的验证器、对分叉和 51% 攻击的抵抗力以及高交易能力。

HKMA Guidance on Blockchain Technology: Mitigating Risks and Exploring the Original Bitcoin Solution

香港金管局区块链技术指引：降低风险并探索原始比特币解决方案

The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) recently issued comprehensive guidance to banks on leveraging blockchain technology while emphasizing the importance of diligent risk assessment and mitigation strategies.

香港金融管理局（金管局）最近向银行发布了利用区块链技术的全面指南，同时强调了认真进行风险评估和缓解策略的重要性。

Key Risks Identified by HKMA

金管局识别的主要风险

The HKMA highlighted several potential risks associated with public blockchain usage, including:

金管局强调了与公共区块链使用相关的几个潜在风险，包括：

• Pseudonymous Validators: The reliance on unidentified validators can compromise trust and introduce potential security vulnerabilities.
• Malicious Actors: Bad actors can exploit blockchain vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information.
• Network Forks: Blockchain forks can disrupt network operations and potentially lead to data loss or corruption.
• 51% Attacks: Malicious actors can take control of a blockchain network by acquiring a majority of computing power, enabling them to manipulate transactions or block access.
• Network Congestion: Surge in transaction volume can slow down network processing, potentially impacting business operations.
• Network Failure: System failures or disruptions can temporarily or permanently compromise network functionality, leading to data loss or service outages.

Mitigation Strategies

假名验证者：对身份不明的验证者的依赖可能会损害信任并引入潜在的安全漏洞。恶意行为者：不良行为者可以利用区块链漏洞未经授权访问敏感信息。网络分叉：区块链分叉可能会破坏网络操作，并可能导致数据丢失或腐败。51% 攻击：恶意行为者可以通过获取大部分计算能力来控制区块链网络，从而能够操纵交易或阻止访问。网络拥塞：交易量激增可能会减慢网络处理速度，可能会影响业务运营。网络故障：系统故障或中断可能会暂时或永久损害网络功能，导致数据丢失或服务中断。缓解策略

The HKMA emphasized the need for banks to implement robust risk management frameworks when exploring blockchain solutions. It recommended various mitigation measures, including:

金管局强调银行在探索区块链解决方案时需要实施稳健的风险管理框架。它建议了各种缓解措施，包括：

• Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs): Using ZKPs can safeguard sensitive information by allowing users to prove knowledge of data without revealing it.
• Off-Chain Solutions: Storing sensitive information off-chain, such as on Overlay Networks, can reduce the risk of malicious access.

Original Bitcoin Protocol as a Comprehensive Solution

零知识证明 (ZKP)：使用 ZKP 可以让用户在不泄露数据的情况下证明数据知识，从而保护敏感信息。 链下解决方案：在链外存储敏感信息，例如在 Overlay Network 上，可以降低恶意攻击的风险access.原始比特币协议作为综合解决方案

While reviewing the HKMA guidance, it becomes evident that many perceived risks of public blockchains stem from the flawed design and architecture of prevalent blockchain solutions in the market.

在审查香港金管局的指导意见时，很明显，公共区块链的许多感知风险源于市场上流行的区块链解决方案的设计和架构缺陷。

Interestingly, the original Bitcoin protocol, as envisioned by Satoshi Nakamoto, was purposefully designed to address monetary transfers and mitigate the risks identified by the HKMA.

有趣的是，正如中本聪所设想的，最初的比特币协议是有目的地设计的，旨在解决货币转移问题并减轻金管局发现的风险。

Key Advantages of the Original Bitcoin Protocol

原始比特币协议的主要优势

• Identifiable Validators: The proof-of-work consensus mechanism ensures that all nodes on the Bitcoin network are identifiable, eliminating the issue of pseudonymous validators and enhancing trust.
• Fork Resistance: The Bitcoin network's design inherently prevents forks, ensuring data integrity and continuity.
• 51% Attack Immunity: The Bitcoin network's decentralized nature makes it highly resistant to 51% attacks, ensuring the reliability of the blockchain.
• Scalability: With the implementation of Teranode, the Bitcoin network is capable of processing over one million transactions per second, addressing the concerns of network congestion.
• Data Inclusivity: The Bitcoin script and restored opcodes enable the recording of complex transactions, such as invoices, bills, and receipts, making it suitable for global commerce.

Conclusion

可识别的验证者：工作量证明共识机制确保比特币网络上的所有节点都是可识别的，消除了假名验证者的问题并增强了信任。 防分叉：比特币网络的设计本质上可以防止分叉，确保数据的完整性和连续性。 51 % 攻击免疫性：比特币网络的去中心化特性使其能够高度抵抗 51% 攻击，保证了区块链的可靠性。 可扩展性：随着 Teranode 的实施，比特币网络每秒能够处理超过 100 万笔交易，解决了人们的担忧数据包容性：比特币脚本和恢复的操作码可以记录复杂的交易，例如发票、账单和收据，使其适合全球商业。结论

The HKMA's guidance on blockchain technology is a valuable resource for banks exploring the use of this transformative technology. However, it's essential to recognize that many perceived risks can be mitigated by embracing the original Bitcoin protocol.

金管局关于区块链技术的指南对于探索使用这一变革性技术的银行来说是宝贵的资源。然而，必须认识到，许多已知的风险可以通过采用原始的比特币协议来减轻。

With its robust design, identifiable validators, fork resistance, and scalability, the original Bitcoin protocol provides a comprehensive solution to the challenges identified by the HKMA. By leveraging this foundational technology, banks can fully harness the benefits of blockchain while ensuring the security and integrity of their systems.

凭借其稳健的设计、可识别的验证器、抗分叉性和可扩展性，原始的比特币协议为金管局提出的挑战提供了全面的解决方案。通过利用这一基础技术，银行可以充分利用区块链的优势，同时确保其系统的安全性和完整性。

As global monetary authorities continue to delve into the realm of blockchain technology, it is imperative to acknowledge the superiority of the original Bitcoin protocol and its ability to address the concerns raised by regulators. By embracing this fundamental solution, banks and other financial institutions can pave the way for a secure and innovative blockchain-driven future.

随着全球货币当局继续深入研究区块链技术领域，必须承认原始比特币协议的优越性及其解决监管机构提出的担忧的能力。通过采用这一基本解决方案，银行和其他金融机构可以为安全和创新的区块链驱动的未来铺平道路。