DePIN：重塑互联网，赋能用户

Polygon Labs 全球业务开发主管 Brian Trunzo 认为，DePIN 代表了构建有用的新服务的机会，同时将控制权和价值重新分配给最终用户。

In recent years, a handful of tech giants have gained an alarming amount of control over the internet, threatening our data privacy and digital security. The recent CrowdStrike incident, where a single failure led to widespread disruption, is more than just a wake-up call — it's a loud warning that we’re facing a much bigger problem. But there’s a solution: Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN). DePIN offers a game-changing way to connect the physical world to the blockchain, completely overcoming the major flaws of our current centralized systems.

近年来，少数科技巨头对互联网的控制达到了惊人的程度，威胁着我们的数据隐私和数字安全。最近发生的 CrowdStrike 事件，一次故障导致了大范围的破坏，这不仅仅是一个警钟，也是一个响亮的警告，表明我们正面临着一个更大的问题。但有一个解决方案：去中心化物理基础设施网络（DePIN）。 DePIN提供了一种改变游戏规则的方式将物理世界连接到区块链，完全克服了我们当前中心化系统的主要缺陷。

This op-ed is part of CoinDesk's new DePIN Vertical, covering the emerging industry of decentralized physical infrastructure.

这篇专栏文章是 CoinDesk 新的 DePIN Vertical 的一部分，涵盖了去中心化物理基础设施的新兴行业。

DePIN networks cleverly link up physical devices like sensors, IoT gadgets, computers, and smartphones with decentralized blockchain networks. By sharing data, offering resources, or helping keep things running, users earn real rewards in digital assets — a fair deal that’s been a long time coming in the digital world. This setup doesn’t just empower users to benefit from their involvement; it frees them from the grip of centralized middlemen who’ve been exploiting the system for too long by profiteering from user data. These middlemen use this data for targeted advertising, marketing, and analytics, generating massive revenue while offering little in return to users.

DePIN 网络巧妙地将传感器、物联网设备、计算机和智能手机等物理设备与去中心化的区块链网络连接起来。通过共享数据、提供资源或帮助维持事物运行，用户可以从数字资产中获得真正的奖励——这是数字世界中长期以来出现的公平交易。这种设置不仅使用户能够从他们的参与中受益；而且还使用户能够从他们的参与中受益。它使他们摆脱了中心化中间商的控制，这些中间商长期以来一直利用该系统从用户数据中牟取暴利。这些中间商利用这些数据进行有针对性的广告、营销和分析，产生大量收入，但为用户提供的回报却很少。

The idea is simple: spread out physical infrastructure and reward people for contributing to the network. These contributions can be anything from sharing data about your driving habits or vehicle performance to renting out extra hard drive space, sharing your internet bandwidth, or connecting weather sensors for real-time environmental data. Instead of just handing over your data to big tech companies to monetize it, DePIN lets you share it and actually get paid. It’s more than just getting involved — it's about making sure every user becomes a stakeholder in the infrastructure they rely on.

这个想法很简单：分散物理基础设施并奖励对网络做出贡献的人们。这些贡献可以是任何内容，从共享有关您的驾驶习惯或车辆性能的数据到出租额外的硬盘空间、共享您的互联网带宽或连接天气传感器以获取实时环境数据。 DePIN 不是将您的数据交给大型科技公司来将其货币化，而是让您分享数据并实际获得报酬。这不仅仅是参与其中，而是确保每个用户都成为他们所依赖的基础设施的利益相关者。

Real-World Applications

实际应用

Today, DePIN-based projects are already reimagining countless aspects of our day-to-day lives. Take geolocation as an example, where blockchain networks like GEODNET are pushing the boundaries of location accuracy to centimeter-level precision, unlocking huge potential in fields like agriculture, construction, and drone operations. Such solutions allow farmers to fine-tune crop management like never before while construction projects could hit new levels of precision and autonomous drones could navigate with pinpoint accuracy — all thanks to a network powered by individuals who both contribute to and benefit from it.

如今，基于 DePIN 的项目已经在重新构想我们日常生活的无数方面。以地理定位为例，像 GEODNET 这样的区块链网络正在将定位精度的界限推向厘米级精度，释放农业、建筑和无人机操作等领域的巨大潜力。这些解决方案使农民能够以前所未有的方式微调作物管理，同时建设项目可以达到新的精度水平，自动无人机可以精确导航——这一切都要归功于由个人提供支持并从中受益的网络。

In another instance, the rise of community-driven internet access, like WiFi Map’s 150 million active hotspots worldwide, isn’t just a new option. It’s a bold challenge to the outdated telecom monopolies. Meanwhile, DIMO allows people to collect, use, and monetize data from their vehicles, simultaneously offering developers special APIs to build applications to leverage this information for use cases like insurance, vehicle maintenance, and fleet management.

在另一个例子中，社区驱动的互联网接入的兴起，例如 WiFi Map 的全球 1.5 亿个活跃热点，不仅仅是一个新选择。这是对过时的电信垄断的大胆挑战。与此同时，DIMO 允许人们收集、使用车辆数据并从中获利，同时为开发人员提供特殊的 API 来构建应用程序，以利用这些信息用于保险、车辆维护和车队管理等用例。

In another instance, Witness Chain, a DePIN proof system that has already attracted more than $5 billion in delegated stake from EigenLayer restakers, is actively working to unify the often siloed DePIN economy. The network allows disparate DePIN projects to share their physical locations, network capacities, and other data to connect with each other, establishing an end-to-end supply chain of decentralized infrastructure.

在另一个例子中，Witness Chain 是一个 DePIN 证明系统，已经从 EigenLayer 重新参与者那里吸引了超过 50 亿美元的委托股权，它正在积极努力统一经常孤立的 DePIN 经济。该网络允许不同的 DePIN 项目共享其物理位置、网络容量和其他数据以相互连接，从而建立去中心化基础设施的端到端供应链。

Other DePIN projects, such as mobile network operator XNET, are making strides to bring reliable network connectivity — which is today considered a human right by the UN — to the 2.9 billion people in the world who are still offline. XNET leverages the bandwidth reserved for Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) and carrier-grade Wi-Fi to build a decentralized community of network operators coordinating via a common blockchain.

其他 DePIN 项目，例如移动网络运营商 XNET，正在努力为世界上仍处于离线状态的 29 亿人提供可靠的网络连接（如今，联合国将其视为一项人权）。 XNET 利用为公民宽带无线电服务 (CBRS) 和运营商级 Wi-Fi 保留的带宽来构建通过公共区块链进行协调的去中心化网络运营商社区。

Similarly, storage networks like Filecoin let people use their extra storage space to create a more resilient, efficient, and user-friendly alternative to traditional cloud storage. This shift makes such services more accessible and affordable while giving users control and a chance to earn from resources that would otherwise go to waste.

同样，像 Filecoin 这样的存储网络让人们可以利用额外的存储空间来创建比传统云存储更有弹性、更高效、更用户友好的替代方案。这种转变使此类服务更容易获得和负担得起，同时为用户提供控制权并有机会从原本会被浪费的资源中获利。

Ultimately, decentralization is not only improving access but also democratizes the core of our highly interconnected digital world.

最终，去中心化不仅改善了访问，而且使我们高度互联的数字世界的核心民主化。

What’s holding us back?

是什么阻碍了我们？

While current decentralized storage solutions may not yet match the cost-efficiency of centralized alternatives, this is a temporary hurdle; not a permanent barrier. However, this is a solvable problem. Better data compression and consumer-grade hardware advancements will lead to a "sweet spot" where decentralized cloud storage becomes as efficient as centralized options.

虽然当前的去中心化存储解决方案可能还无法与中心化替代方案的成本效率相匹配，但这只是暂时的障碍；不是永久的障碍。然而，这是一个可以解决的问题。更好的数据压缩和消费级硬件的进步将带来一个“最佳点”，即分散式云存储变得与集中式选项一样高效。

Technology is meant to be anti-fragile. The fact that we will suffer from massive outages due to single points of failure isn’t just inconvenient or unacceptable — it's a damning indictment of our current system. But again, this problem is solvable too; we get there by truly decentralizing all aspects of our digital infrastructure, including often overlooked elements like provers in blockchain systems.

技术的本质是反脆弱性。事实上，我们将因单点故障而遭受大规模停机，这不仅带来不便或不可接受，而且是对我们当前系统的严厉控诉。但同样，这个问题也是可以解决的；我们通过真正去中心化数字基础设施的各个方面来实现这一目标，包括经常被忽视的元素，例如区块链系统中的证明者。

Open-source tools will power this transformation. ZK tools like Plonky3 are already being used to create provers and other critical infrastructure, with

开源工具将为这一转变提供动力。像 Plonky3 这样的 ZK 工具已经被用来创建证明者和其他关键基础设施，