DePIN：重塑互聯網，賦能用戶

Polygon Labs 全球業務開發主管 Brian Trunzo 認為，DePIN 代表了建立有用的新服務的機會，同時將控制權和價值重新分配給最終用戶。

In recent years, a handful of tech giants have gained an alarming amount of control over the internet, threatening our data privacy and digital security. The recent CrowdStrike incident, where a single failure led to widespread disruption, is more than just a wake-up call — it's a loud warning that we’re facing a much bigger problem. But there’s a solution: Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN). DePIN offers a game-changing way to connect the physical world to the blockchain, completely overcoming the major flaws of our current centralized systems.

近年來，少數科技巨頭對網路的控制達到了驚人的程度，威脅著我們的資料隱私和數位安全。最近發生的 CrowdStrike 事件，一次故障導致了大規模的破壞，這不僅僅是一個警鐘，也是一個響亮的警告，表明我們正面臨著一個更大的問題。但有一個解決方案：去中心化實體基礎設施網路（DePIN）。 DePIN提供了一種改變遊戲規則的方式將實體世界連接到區塊鏈，完全克服了我們當前中心化系統的主要缺陷。

This op-ed is part of CoinDesk's new DePIN Vertical, covering the emerging industry of decentralized physical infrastructure.

這篇專欄文章是 CoinDesk 新的 DePIN Vertical 的一部分，涵蓋了去中心化實體基礎設施的新興產業。

DePIN networks cleverly link up physical devices like sensors, IoT gadgets, computers, and smartphones with decentralized blockchain networks. By sharing data, offering resources, or helping keep things running, users earn real rewards in digital assets — a fair deal that’s been a long time coming in the digital world. This setup doesn’t just empower users to benefit from their involvement; it frees them from the grip of centralized middlemen who’ve been exploiting the system for too long by profiteering from user data. These middlemen use this data for targeted advertising, marketing, and analytics, generating massive revenue while offering little in return to users.

DePIN 網路巧妙地將感測器、物聯網設備、電腦和智慧型手機等實體設備與去中心化的區塊鏈網路連接起來。透過共享數據、提供資源或幫助維持事物運行，用戶可以從數位資產中獲得真正的獎勵——這是數位世界中長期以來出現的公平交易。這種設置不僅使用戶能夠從他們的參與中受益；而且還使用戶能夠從他們的參與中受益。它使他們擺脫了中心化中間商的控制，這些中間商長期以來一直利用該系統從用戶資料中牟取暴利。這些中間商利用這些數據進行有針對性的廣告、行銷和分析，產生大量收入，但為用戶提供的回報卻很少。

The idea is simple: spread out physical infrastructure and reward people for contributing to the network. These contributions can be anything from sharing data about your driving habits or vehicle performance to renting out extra hard drive space, sharing your internet bandwidth, or connecting weather sensors for real-time environmental data. Instead of just handing over your data to big tech companies to monetize it, DePIN lets you share it and actually get paid. It’s more than just getting involved — it's about making sure every user becomes a stakeholder in the infrastructure they rely on.

這個想法很簡單：分散實體基礎設施並獎勵對網路做出貢獻的人。這些貢獻可以是任何內容，從共享有關您的駕駛習慣或車輛性能的數據到出租額外的硬碟空間、共享您的網路頻寬或連接天氣感測器以獲取即時環境數據。 DePIN 不是將您的數據交給大型科技公司來將其貨幣化，而是讓您分享數據並實際獲得報酬。這不僅僅是參與其中，而是確保每個用戶都成為他們所依賴的基礎設施的利益相關者。

Real-World Applications

實際應用

Today, DePIN-based projects are already reimagining countless aspects of our day-to-day lives. Take geolocation as an example, where blockchain networks like GEODNET are pushing the boundaries of location accuracy to centimeter-level precision, unlocking huge potential in fields like agriculture, construction, and drone operations. Such solutions allow farmers to fine-tune crop management like never before while construction projects could hit new levels of precision and autonomous drones could navigate with pinpoint accuracy — all thanks to a network powered by individuals who both contribute to and benefit from it.

如今，基於 DePIN 的計畫已經在重新構想我們日常生活的無數方面。以地理定位為例，像 GEODNET 這樣的區塊鏈網路正在將定位精度的界限推向厘米級精度，釋放農業、建築和無人機操作等領域的巨大潛力。這些解決方案使農民能夠以前所未有的方式微調作物管理，同時建設項目可以達到新的精度水平，自動無人機可以精確導航——這一切都要歸功於由個人提供支持並從中受益的網絡。

In another instance, the rise of community-driven internet access, like WiFi Map’s 150 million active hotspots worldwide, isn’t just a new option. It’s a bold challenge to the outdated telecom monopolies. Meanwhile, DIMO allows people to collect, use, and monetize data from their vehicles, simultaneously offering developers special APIs to build applications to leverage this information for use cases like insurance, vehicle maintenance, and fleet management.

在另一個例子中，社群驅動的網路存取的興起，例如 WiFi Map 的全球 1.5 億個活躍熱點，不僅僅是一個新選擇。這是對過時的電信壟斷的大膽挑戰。同時，DIMO 允許人們收集、使用車輛數據並從中獲利，同時為開發人員提供特殊的 API 來建立應用程序，以利用這些資訊用於保險、車輛維護和車隊管理等用例。

In another instance, Witness Chain, a DePIN proof system that has already attracted more than $5 billion in delegated stake from EigenLayer restakers, is actively working to unify the often siloed DePIN economy. The network allows disparate DePIN projects to share their physical locations, network capacities, and other data to connect with each other, establishing an end-to-end supply chain of decentralized infrastructure.

在另一個例子中，Witness Chain 是一個 DePIN 證明系統，已從 EigenLayer 重新參與者那裡吸引了超過 50 億美元的委託股權，它正在積極努力統一經常孤立的 DePIN 經濟。此網路允許不同的 DePIN 項目共享其實體位置、網路容量和其他資料以相互連接，從而建立去中心化基礎設施的端到端供應鏈。

Other DePIN projects, such as mobile network operator XNET, are making strides to bring reliable network connectivity — which is today considered a human right by the UN — to the 2.9 billion people in the world who are still offline. XNET leverages the bandwidth reserved for Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) and carrier-grade Wi-Fi to build a decentralized community of network operators coordinating via a common blockchain.

其他 DePIN 項目，例如行動網路營運商 XNET，正在努力為世界上仍處於離線狀態的 29 億人提供可靠的網路連接（如今，聯合國將其視為一項人權）。 XNET 利用為公民寬頻無線電服務 (CBRS) 和營運商級 Wi-Fi 保留的頻寬來建立透過公共區塊鏈進行協調的去中心化網路營運商社群。

Similarly, storage networks like Filecoin let people use their extra storage space to create a more resilient, efficient, and user-friendly alternative to traditional cloud storage. This shift makes such services more accessible and affordable while giving users control and a chance to earn from resources that would otherwise go to waste.

同樣，像 Filecoin 這樣的儲存網路讓人們可以利用額外的儲存空間來創建比傳統雲端儲存更有彈性、更有效率、更用戶友好的替代方案。這種轉變使此類服務更容易獲得和負擔得起，同時為用戶提供控制權並有機會從原本會浪費的資源中獲利。

Ultimately, decentralization is not only improving access but also democratizes the core of our highly interconnected digital world.

最終，去中心化不僅改善了訪問，而且使我們高度互聯的數位世界的核心民主化。

What’s holding us back?

是什麼阻礙了我們？

While current decentralized storage solutions may not yet match the cost-efficiency of centralized alternatives, this is a temporary hurdle; not a permanent barrier. However, this is a solvable problem. Better data compression and consumer-grade hardware advancements will lead to a "sweet spot" where decentralized cloud storage becomes as efficient as centralized options.

雖然目前的去中心化儲存解決方案可能還無法與中心化替代方案的成本效率相匹配，但這只是暫時的障礙；不是永久的障礙。然而，這是一個可以解決的問題。更好的資料壓縮和消費級硬體的進步將帶來一個“最佳點”，即分散式雲端儲存變得與集中式選項一樣高效。

Technology is meant to be anti-fragile. The fact that we will suffer from massive outages due to single points of failure isn’t just inconvenient or unacceptable — it's a damning indictment of our current system. But again, this problem is solvable too; we get there by truly decentralizing all aspects of our digital infrastructure, including often overlooked elements like provers in blockchain systems.

技術的本質是反脆弱性。事實上，我們將因單點故障而遭受大規模停機，這不僅帶來不便或不可接受，而且是對我們目前系統的嚴厲控訴。但同樣，這個問題也是可以解決的；我們透過真正去中心化數位基礎設施的各個方面來實現這一目標，包括經常被忽視的元素，例如區塊鏈系統中的證明者。

Open-source tools will power this transformation. ZK tools like Plonky3 are already being used to create provers and other critical infrastructure, with

開源工具將為這項轉變提供動力。像 Plonky3 這樣的 ZK 工具已經被用來創建證明者和其他關鍵基礎設施，