去中心化保险：DeFi生态系统风险管理的新时代

Nexus Mutual 和 InsurAce 等去中心化保险协议通过提供智能合约和平台覆盖来减轻与去中心化技术相关的风险，在 DeFi 的发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。

Decentralized insurance is a type of insurance that uses blockchain technology to provide coverage without the need for a centralized insurance provider. Instead, decentralized insurance protocols rely on decentralized governance and smart contracts to manage risk, claims, and payouts.

去中心化保险是一种利用区块链技术提供保险保障而无需中心化保险提供商的保险。相反，去中心化保险协议依赖去中心化治理和智能合约来管理风险、索赔和支出。

The idea behind decentralized insurance is to provide more transparent, efficient, and cost-effective coverage for decentralized systems, like those used in the DeFi space. Since traditional insurance is often expensive and slow due to administrative overheads, decentralized alternatives aim to streamline the process while also making it more accessible.

去中心化保险背后的想法是为去中心化系统（例如 DeFi 领域使用的系统）提供更透明、高效且更具成本效益的保险。由于管理费用高昂，传统保险往往价格昂贵且速度缓慢，因此去中心化替代方案旨在简化流程，同时使其更容易获得。

Here are some of the key features of decentralized insurance:

以下是去中心化保险的一些主要特征：

Decentralized insurance protocols, such as Nexus Mutual and InsurAce, are designed to address the specific risks associated with smart contracts and decentralized technologies. These protocols offer coverage for smart contract failures, hacks, and other vulnerabilities that could lead to financial losses in the crypto space.

Nexus Mutual 和 InsurAce 等去中心化保险协议旨在解决与智能合约和去中心化技术相关的特定风险。这些协议涵盖了智能合约故障、黑客攻击和其他可能导致加密领域经济损失的漏洞。

By providing a decentralized and community-governed mechanism for insurance, these protocols aim to reduce the risks of fraud, corruption, or biased decision-making that are inherent in traditional insurance models.

通过提供去中心化和社区治理的保险机制，这些协议旨在减少传统保险模式中固有的欺诈、腐败或偏见决策的风险。

Nexus Mutual is one of the leading decentralized insurance protocols, providing coverage primarily for risks associated with smart contracts, DeFi protocols, and blockchain infrastructure. The project was founded in 2017 and launched its mainnet in 2020. Nexus Mutual’s approach to decentralized insurance revolves around risk pooling and community governance, which is facilitated through the use of its native token, NXM.

Nexus Mutual 是领先的去中心化保险协议之一，主要为与智能合约、DeFi 协议和区块链基础设施相关的风险提供保险。该项目成立于 2017 年，并于 2020 年推出主网。Nexus Mutual 的去中心化保险方法围绕风险分担和社区治理，这是通过使用其原生代币 NXM 来促进的。

Here's a breakdown of how Nexus Mutual works:

以下是 Nexus Mutual 运作方式的详细说明：

At the core of Nexus Mutual's decentralized insurance protocol is a risk pool, which is a collection of funds contributed by members to cover potential claims. The size of the risk pool determines the capacity of the insurance coverage.

Nexus Mutual 去中心化保险协议的核心是风险池，它是成员为支付潜在索赔而贡献的资金的集合。风险池的大小决定了保险承保的能力。

To participate in the insurance pool, members must purchase and hold a minimum amount of NXM tokens, which serves as their stake in the pool and aligns their incentives with the collective interest of the community.

要参与保险池，成员必须购买并持有最低数量的 NXM 代币，这些代币作为他们在保险池中的权益，并使他们的激励与社区的集体利益保持一致。

When a user wants to obtain coverage, they submit a request to the Nexus Mutual community, detailing the specific risks and terms they wish to insure against. The community then votes on whether to approve the coverage request.

当用户想要获得保险时，他们会向 Nexus Mutual 社区提交请求，详细说明他们希望投保的具体风险和条款。然后社区投票决定是否批准承保请求。

If the coverage request is approved, the user pays a premium to join the insurance pool and receives a policy that outlines the coverage details and limits.

如果承保请求获得批准，用户支付保费即可加入保险池，并收到一份概述承保详细信息和限额的保单。

In the event of a covered loss, the user can file a claim, which is then assessed and voted on by the community members. If the claim is valid, it is processed and paid out from the risk pool.

如果发生承保损失，用户可以提出索赔，然后由社区成员进行评估和投票。如果索赔有效，则会处理索赔并从风险池中支付。

Nexus Mutual offers various types of coverage, including:

Nexus Mutual 提供各种类型的保险，包括：

Smart contract coverage: This protects against financial losses caused by smart contract bugs, exploits, or failures.

智能合约覆盖范围：这可以防止因智能合约错误、漏洞或故障而造成的经济损失。

DeFi protocol coverage: This covers risks related to hacks, exploits, or failures specifically within decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols.

DeFi 协议覆盖范围：这涵盖了与黑客、漏洞利用或故障相关的风险，特别是在去中心化金融 (DeFi) 协议中。

Blockchain infrastructure coverage: This provides insurance against downtime, censorship, or other disruptions affecting blockchain networks.

区块链基础设施覆盖范围：这提供了针对停机、审查或其他影响区块链网络的中断的保险。

InsurAce is another prominent decentralized insurance protocol that provides coverage for smart contract vulnerabilities and other risks associated with DeFi. InsurAce was launched in 2020 and operates on several blockchains, including Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain (BSC), and Avalanche. Unlike Nexus Mutual, which is focused on community-based governance, InsurAce offers a more structured model, with professional insurance providers participating in the risk management process.

InsurAce 是另一个著名的去中心化保险协议，为智能合约漏洞和与 DeFi 相关的其他风险提供保险。 InsurAce 于 2020 年推出，在多个区块链上运行，包括以太坊、币安智能链 (BSC) 和 Avalanche。与专注于基于社区的治理的 Nexus Mutual 不同，InsurAce 提供了更加结构化的模型，由专业保险提供商参与风险管理流程。

Here's an overview of how InsurAce works:

以下是 InsurAce 运作方式的概述：

InsurAce provides decentralized insurance through a network of professional insurance providers known as InsurAce Partners. These partners underwrite and manage the insurance policies, offering various types of coverage to meet the needs of DeFi users and protocols.

InsurAce 通过称为 InsurAce Partners 的专业保险提供商网络提供去中心化保险。这些合作伙伴承保和管理保险单，提供各种类型的保险，以满足 DeFi 用户和协议的需求。

Users can purchase insurance coverage directly from InsurAce Partners, who set the terms, premiums, and coverage limits based on the assessed risks.

用户可以直接从 InsurAce Partners 购买保险，InsurAce Partners 根据评估的风险设定条款、保费和承保限额。

InsurAce maintains a decentralized insurance marketplace where users can compare and select the most suitable coverage options from multiple InsurAce Partners.

InsurAce 维护着一个去中心化的保险市场，用户可以从多个 InsurAce 合作伙伴中进行比较并选择最合适的保险选项。

The InsurAce protocol governs the overall insurance framework, including the onboarding and regulation of InsurAce Partners and the standardization of insurance policies.

InsurAce 协议管理整个保险框架，包括 InsurAce 合作伙伴的加入和监管以及保险单的标准化。

InsurAce provides coverage for a variety of risks, including:

InsurAce 为各种风险提供保险，包括：

Smart contract failure: This covers losses due to bugs, exploits, or failures in smart contracts used by DeFi protocols or applications.

智能合约故障：这涵盖了由于 DeFi 协议或应用程序使用的智能合约中的错误、漏洞或故障而造成的损失。

DeFi protocol hacks: This protects against financial losses resulting from hacks or unauthorized access to decentralized finance (DeFI) protocols.

DeFi 协议黑客攻击：这可以防止因黑客攻击或未经授权访问去中心化金融 (DeFI) 协议而造成的经济损失。

DeFi protocol insolvency: This covers losses if a DeFi protocol becomes insolvent and is unable to fulfill its obligations to users.

DeFi 协议破产：这涵盖了 DeFi 协议破产且无法履行对用户的义务时造成的损失。

Smart contract vulnerability: This provides insurance against losses caused by known or unknown vulnerabilities in smart contracts used by DeFi protocols or applications.

智能合约漏洞：这为 DeFi 协议或应用程序使用的智能合约中已知或未知漏洞造成的损失提供了保险。

Decentralized insurance protocols, such as Nexus Mutual and InsurAce, offer several key features and advantages:

去中心化保险协议，例如 Nexus Mutual 和 InsurAce，提供了几个关键功能和优势：

1. Decentralization and Transparency

1. 去中心化和透明度

The decentralized nature of protocols like Nexus Mutual and InsurAce ensures that decisions, claims, and payouts are made transparently and without central authority. This reduces the risk of fraud, corruption, or biased decision-making that is common in traditional insurance models.

Nexus Mutual 和 InsurAce 等协议的去中心化性质确保了决策、索赔和支付都是透明地做出的，无需中央授权。这降低了传统保险模式中常见的欺诈、腐败或决策偏见的风险。

2. Lower Costs and

2. 降低成本