加密货币过山车：从 2024 年的高点到 2023 年的低点

2024 年最大的赢家之一是加密货币。美国当选总统唐纳德·特朗普和他的顾问埃隆·马斯克大力支持加密货币，导致比特币在 12 月突破 10 万美元大关。这是继 2022 年加密货币交易所 FTX 崩溃、导致数十亿美元损失后的戏剧性卷土重来。

2024 saw cryptocurrency emerge as one of the biggest gainers. With US president-elect Donald Trump and his advisor Elon Musk coming out in support of crypto, Bitcoin breached the $1,00,000 mark in December. This was a dramatic comeback after the collapse of crypto exchange FTX in 2022, which led to billions of dollars in losses.

2024 年，加密货币成为最大的赢家之一。随着美国当选总统唐纳德·特朗普和他的顾问埃隆·马斯克站出来支持加密货币，比特币在 12 月突破了 10 万美元大关。这是继 2022 年加密货币交易所 FTX 崩溃、导致数十亿美元损失之后的戏剧性卷土重来。

One fallout of the 2008 financial crisis was a deep mistrust of the banking system globally. So, when Bitcoin, the first successful digital currency, emerged in 2009, it was seen as an attempt to get around regulations that were seen as ineffective and cumbersome. Cryptocurrencies were also believed to enable greater transparency and security in financial transactions.

2008 年金融危机的后果之一是全球对银行体系的严重不信任。因此，当第一个成功的数字货币比特币于 2009 年出现时，它被视为规避无效且繁琐的监管的一种尝试。加密货币还被认为可以提高金融交易的透明度和安全性。

But being a quintessentially disruptive technology, its credibility today sharply divides experts and laypeople. While many still perceive it as a game of smoke and mirrors, it’s endorsed by tech-savvy younger generations. Currently, the global cryptocurrency market is valued at around $3 trillion.

但作为一种典型的颠覆性技术，它的可信度如今在专家和外行之间存在着巨大的分歧。尽管许多人仍然认为它是一场雾里看花的游戏，但它得到了精通技术的年轻一代的认可。目前，全球加密货币市场价值约为3万亿美元。

In the context of this market volume, the intrinsic value of cryptocurrency becomes relevant. At its core, cryptocurrency is a piece of programming software; its value is pegged to its momentum of exchange and its perceived potential for investment. In the case of Bitcoin, its value is also attributed to the fact that out of the 21 million available, some 19 million have already been mined.

在这样的市场容量的背景下，加密货币的内在价值变得重要。从本质上讲，加密货币是一种编程软件；它的价值与其交易动力和投资潜力挂钩。就比特币而言，其价值还归因于这样一个事实：在可用的 2100 万枚中，约有 1900 万枚已被开采。

Now, cryptocurrencies are also increasingly being used for nefarious purposes. As they initially managed to evade the attention of regulators, they came to be used for illicit transactions. They’re known to be used for money laundering because of the السرعة and stealth that they offer in transactions. Crypto scams are also on the rise, with some global cyber-crime syndicates systematically targeting crypto investors. In India, about 840 crypto-related complaints were registered in 2023, with total losses amounting to hundreds of crores of rupees. A single initial coin offering in 2021 cheated investors out of `1,200 crore.

现在，加密货币也越来越多地被用于邪恶目的。由于它们最初设法逃避监管机构的注意，因此后来被用于非法交易。由于它们在交易中提供的秘密性和隐秘性，它们被用于洗钱。加密货币诈骗也在增加，一些全球网络犯罪集团系统性地针对加密货币投资者。在印度，2023 年共登记了约 840 起与加密货币相关的投诉，总损失达数亿卢比。 2021 年的一次首次代币发行骗走了投资者 120 亿卢比。

Different countries have taken varying approaches to regulation. Some nations, viewing cryptos as capable of destabilising the state, have banned them. Others recognise them as a class of assets, and in a few, they have been sanctioned as a mode of payment.

不同国家采取了不同的监管方法。一些国家认为加密货币会破坏国家稳定，因此禁止使用加密货币。其他人将其视为一类资产，并且在少数情况下，它们已被认可为一种支付方式。