比特币采矿环境影响：比特币矿工如何挖掘比特币？

根据个人或首席执行官的不同，比特币采矿及其环境影响是自原子弹以来的不存在或最有害的事物。

Bitcoin's environmental impact has been a subject of heated debate, especially as the cryptocurrency market continues to boom.

比特币的环境影响一直是激烈辩论的主题，尤其是当加密货币市场继续蓬勃发展时。

Elon Musk, a known figure in the crypto sphere, has openly discussed his stance on BTC and other cryptocurrencies. For instance, in 2021, Musk announced that Tesla would no longer be accepting Bitcoin payments for its electric vehicles due to the environmental concerns associated with the cryptocurrency's mining activities.

埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）是加密货币领域的知名人物，他公开讨论了他对BTC和其他加密货币的立场。例如，在2021年，马斯克宣布，由于与加密货币的采矿活动有关的环境问题，特斯拉将不再接受其电动汽车的比特币支付。

This statement from the billionaire CEO sparked a discussion about the cryptocurrency's energy footprint and whether it was optimal to use the token.

亿万富翁首席执行官的这一说法引发了关于加密货币的能量足迹以及使用令牌是否最佳的讨论。

Why Does Bitcoin Need Mining?

为什么比特币需要采矿？

Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that runs on a distributed ledger technology called blockchain. In essence, it's a record of every transaction that is performed with Bitcoin, and it's open for anyone to view.

比特币是一种加密货币，在称为区块链的分布式分类帐技术上运行。从本质上讲，这是使用比特币执行的每笔交易的记录，任何人都可以查看。

Miners act as gatekeepers, confirming these transactions and ultimately securing the system. The term "miner" might be a bit of a misnomer; they are more like accountants for the blockchain.

矿工充当守门人，确认这些交易并最终确保系统。 “矿工”一词可能有些错误。他们更像是区块链的会计师。

Miners use specialized hardware, known as ASIC miners, to solve complex mathematical problems in order to add new blocks of transactions to the Bitcoin blockchain.

矿工使用专门的硬件（称为ASIC矿工）来解决复杂的数学问题，以便在比特币区块链中添加新的交易块。

When miners verify 1MB worth of transactions, they are rewarded with Bitcoin for their work. This serves as an incentive for miners to continue securing the network and processing transactions.

当矿工验证价值1MB的交易时，他们的工作将获得比特币的奖励。这是矿工继续确保网络和处理交易的动力。

Bitcoin operates on a system of verification, not trust. Miners don't personally know each other, but this isn't necessary for the system to function. As long as the incentives are in place, the network continues to be maintained.

比特币在验证系统上运行，而不是信任。矿工不亲自认识彼此，但这对于系统起作用并不是必需的。只要激励措施就位，网络就可以继续保持。

With a maximum limit of 21 million coins, 19.9 million Bitcoin are already in circulation. The reward for miners, currently at 3.125 BTC, is halved every four years and is set to decrease again in 2028.

最高限额为2100万枚硬币，已经流通了1,990万比特币。目前为3.125 BTC的矿工的奖励每四年减半，并将在2028年再次减少。

Is Bitcoin Mining Profitable in 2023?

比特币开采在2023年是否有利可图？

According to the Bitcoin Energy Consumption Index by the Digiconomist, a single Bitcoin transaction consumes an average of 1252 kWh of electricity, which is roughly the same energy used by an average American household over 53 days.

根据数字学家的比特币能源消耗指数，单个比特币交易平均消耗了1252 kWh的电力，这大致与美国普通家庭在53天内使用的能量大致相同。

In terms of carbon emissions, a single Bitcoin transaction generates about 668 kg of CO2, which is comparable to the emissions from a round-trip flight between London, UK, and New York City in the US.

就碳排放而言，单个比特币交易产生了约668千克的二氧化碳，这与伦敦，英国，英国和美国纽约市之间的往返飞行的排放相当。

To put this into perspective, a single Bitcoin transaction has about the same carbon footprint as 842,000 Visa transactions or 51,210 hours of streaming YouTube.

为了介绍这一点，单个比特币交易与842,000签证交易或流式流式YouTube的碳足迹大致相同。

This begs the question again: Is any of this worth it, or should we scale down a bit on all the Bitcoin mining? Bitcoin is an unprecedented global network of money that has no single source of control. The more miners there are in a network, the more decentralized it is.

这再次引出了一个问题：这是否值得，还是我们应该在所有比特币开采上缩小一点？比特币是一个前所未有的全球货币网络，没有单一的控制来源。网络中的矿工越多，它的分散程度就越多。

Even then the alleged energy consumption for Bitcoin is hyperbolic at best.

即使那样，所谓的比特币能源消耗充其量还是双曲线。

Bitcoin's proof of work system is what allows it to function; furthermore, it enables Bitcoin's best feature, decentralization, to work without a hitch. If functional decentralized money is important to you, then Bitcoin is worth it.

比特币的工作证明是使其运行的原因。此外，它可以使比特币的最佳功能（权力下放）无需搭便车。如果功能分散的钱对您很重要，那么比特币值得。

What Energy Sources Are Used For Bitcoin Mining?

比特币采矿使用了哪些能源？

Earlier this year, ARKK Investment's founder, Cathie Wood, made some interesting points about Elon Musk's assertions regarding Bitcoin mining being bad for the environment.

今年早些时候，ARKK Investment的创始人Cathie Wood关于埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）关于比特币采矿对环境不利的主张提出了一些有趣的观点。

"The one thing that has changed here is the environmental concerns around Bitcoin, which have caused people like Elon Musk to pull away from it. But we believe even this is going to change, because, first of all, the percentage of Bitcoin mined with renewables and hydroelectric power is quite substantial. In China, I believe it's over 50%."

“这里发生了变化的一件事是比特币周围的环境问题，这导致像埃隆·马斯克这样的人脱离了它。但是我们相信这甚至会改变，因为首先，首先，用可再生能源和水力发电的比特币的百分比很大。在中国，我相信它超过50％。”

She went on to add that miners adopt green energy because they go to the locations where power is cheapest, and ultimately, cheaper power leads to more profits for miners.

她继续补充说，矿工会采用绿色能源，因为他们去了最便宜的地方，最终，更便宜的电力为矿工带来了更多的利润。

Despite this, the claims about Bitcoin's environmental impact are often overstated, and it's crucial to consider the broader context. It's also worth noting that new cryptocurrencies with smaller environmental footprints are being developed every day, and Bitcoin is just one cryptocurrency among many.

尽管如此，关于比特币环境影响的说法通常被夸大了，考虑更广泛的背景至关重要。还值得注意的是，每天都会开发具有较小环境足迹的新加密货币，而比特币只是许多加密货币。