當您遵守當地法律並為您的收入納稅時。然而，像中國這樣的一些國家已經禁止比特幣挖礦及相關活動。

如果您想知道如何挖掘比特幣，本指南將引導您完成基本步驟。比特幣挖礦涉及解決複雜的數學問題以驗證交易並將其添加到區塊鏈中。

and recognized as a legitimate activity. However, certain countries have banned or restricted cryptocurrency mining due to concerns over energy consumption or financial scams.

並被視為合法活動。然而，出於對能源消耗或金融詐騙的擔憂，某些國家已禁止或限制加密貨幣開採。

For example, China banned all cryptocurrency mining in 2021, and authorities shut down several large mining operations. Some countries like Iceland and Norway have strict environmental regulations that could impact mining operations. It’s always best to check the local laws and regulations before setting up any mining equipment.output: Bitcoin mining is the process that keeps the Bitcoin network running and secure. It involves powerful computers solving complex math puzzles to confirm transactions and add them to the blockchain, a public ledger that records every transaction ever made in Bitcoin. 

例如，中國在 2021 年禁止了所有加密貨幣挖礦，當局關閉了幾家大型挖礦業務。冰島和挪威等一些國家製定了嚴格的環境法規，可能會影響採礦作業。在設定任何挖礦設備之前，最好先檢查當地的法律和法規。它涉及強大的電腦解決複雜的數學難題，以確認交易並將其添加到區塊鏈中，區塊鏈是記錄比特幣中每筆交易的公共分類帳。

In simple terms, mining is like a competition where miners race to solve these problems. The first one to do so gets to add a new block of transactions to the blockchain and is rewarded with newly created bitcoins and transaction fees from users.

簡單來說，挖礦就像一場礦工競相解決這些問題的競賽。第一個這樣做的人可以為區塊鏈添加一個新的交易區塊，並獲得新創建的比特幣和用戶交易費用的獎勵。

Mining is not just about generating new Bitcoins; it also plays a key role in keeping the network secure and decentralized, making it very difficult for any one person or group to take control or alter the system.

挖礦不僅僅是產生新的比特幣；它還在保持網路安全和去中心化方面發揮關鍵作用，使任何個人或團體都很難控製或改變系統。

The Bitcoin network is programmed to only produce a limited supply of 21 million bitcoins, with a fixed schedule of releasing new coins. Currently, miners receive 3.125 bitcoins for every block they successfully mine. However, this reward halves approximately every 4 years, a process called “halving”. Eventually, when all 21 million bitcoins have been mined, miners will only earn transaction fees.

比特幣網路僅生產 2,100 萬枚比特幣，並且有固定的發行新幣的時間表。目前，礦工每成功開採一個區塊即可獲得 3.125 比特幣。然而，這種獎勵大約每 4 年減半，這個過程稱為「減半」。最終，當 2,100 萬個比特幣全部被開採完畢時，礦工只能賺取交易費。

The Role of Miners in the Bitcoin Network

礦工在比特幣網路中的角色

Miners are crucial to the Bitcoin network because they perform two main tasks: validating transactions and securing the network from attacks. 

礦工對於比特幣網路至關重要，因為他們執行兩項主要任務：驗證交易和保護網路免受攻擊。

Every time someone sends BTC to another person, that transaction is bundled with others and forms a block. Miners work to verify these transactions and ensure they are legitimate before adding them to the blockchain. Without miners, Bitcoin would not function smoothly because there would be no way to confirm transactions or prevent fraudulent activities like double-spending, where the same Bitcoin is spent twice.

每當有人向另一個人發送 BTC 時，該交易就會與其他人捆綁在一起並形成一個區塊。礦工在將這些交易添加到區塊鏈之前會努力驗證這些交易並確保它們是合法的。如果沒有礦工，比特幣將無法順利運行，因為無法確認交易或防止雙重支出（即同一個比特幣被花費兩次）等詐欺活動。

The competition for solving “cryptographic puzzles” by miners is what keeps Bitcoin decentralized. Instead of relying on a central authority, the network depends on random miners. 

礦工解決「密碼難題」的競爭是比特幣保持去中心化的原因。這個網路不依賴中央機構，而是依賴隨機礦工。

Proof-of-Work (PoW) Explained

工作量證明 (PoW) 解釋

Proof-of-Work (PoW) is the consensus mechanism used in Bitcoin mining. It ensures that miners must put in significant computational effort to solve puzzles before they can add new blocks to the blockchain.

工作量證明（PoW）是比特幣挖礦中使用的共識機制。它確保礦工必須投入大量計算工作來解決難題，然後才能在區塊鏈中添加新區塊。

However, PoW is energy-intensive because miners worldwide are constantly competing, and only one miner wins every 10 minutes. This has raised concerns about the environmental impact of Bitcoin mining, but for now, PoW remains the best-known method to secure the network against fraud and attacks. 

然而，PoW 是能源密集的，因為世界各地的礦工都在不斷競爭，每 10 分鐘只有一名礦工獲勝。這引起了人們對比特幣挖礦對環境影響的擔憂，但就目前而言，PoW 仍然是保護網路免受詐欺和攻擊的最著名方法。

How Does Bitcoin Mining Work?

比特幣挖礦如何運作？

To understand how Bitcoin mining works, it’s important to know about the hash, the target hash, nonce, and mining difficulty.

要了解比特幣挖礦的工作原理，了解哈希值、目標哈希值、隨機數和挖礦難度非常重要。

The Hash, Target Hash, and Nonce

哈希值、目標哈希值和隨機數

At the heart of this process is something called a “hash”. A hash is like a digital fingerprint – a unique string of characters generated from a set of data. When miners try to add a new block, they take all the transaction data in that block and run it through a hash function, which spits out a 64-character hexadecimal number. This number needs to be below a certain value called the target hash for the miner to succeed.

這個過程的核心是所謂的「哈希」。哈希就像數字指紋一樣——從一組資料生成的唯一字串。當礦工嘗試添加新區塊時，他們會獲取該區塊中的所有交易數據，並透過哈希函數運行它，該函數會輸出 64 個字元的十六進制數字。該數字需要低於稱為目標哈希值的特定值，礦工才能成功。

Miners are essentially guessing numbers called nonces (which stands for “number only used once”) to try and produce a hash that meets this requirement. If the hash is too high, the miner tries again with a new nonce, repeating the process billions of times per second. It’s like a huge guessing game, and the more computational power a miner has, the more guesses they can make in a short amount of time, increasing their chances of success.

礦工本質上是猜測稱為隨機數（代表“僅使用一次的數字”）的數字，以嘗試產生滿足此要求的哈希值。如果哈希值太高，礦工會使用新的隨機數字再次嘗試，每秒重複該過程數十億次。這就像一場巨大的猜謎遊戲，礦工的算力越強，他們在短時間內可以做出的猜測就越多，成功的機會就越大。

Mining Difficulty 

挖礦難度

The difficulty of mining isn’t constant. Every two weeks, the Bitcoin network adjusts something called the mining difficulty to ensure blocks are mined roughly every 10 minutes, no matter how many miners are competing. 

採礦的難度並不是恆定的。每兩週，比特幣網路就會調整一次所謂的挖礦難度，以確保大約每 10 分鐘就會開採一次區塊，無論有多少礦工參與競爭。

If miners are solving blocks too quickly because more computational power has been added to the network, the difficulty increases. If blocks are being solved too slowly, it gets easier. In the early days of Bitcoin, the difficulty was quite low, so anyone with a regular computer could mine, but today, the difficulty has skyrocketed, and it requires highly specialized machines called ASICs to even stand a chance.

如果礦工因為網路中增加了更多的運算能力而過快地解決區塊，那麼難度就會增加。如果解決塊的速度太慢，它就會變得更容易。在比特幣的早期，難度相當低，所以任何擁有普通電腦的人都可以挖礦，但今天，難度已經飆升，甚至需要稱為 ASIC 的高度專業化機器才有機會。

This computational effort is measured in hashrate, which refers to the number of hashes a machine can calculate per second. Higher hashrates mean more chances to find the correct hash and modern miners often have machines that can do trillions of hashes per second.

這種計算工作量以哈希率來衡量，哈希率是指機器每秒可以計算的哈希數。更高的哈希率意味著找到正確哈希的機會更多，而現代礦工通常擁有每秒可以執行數萬億次哈希的機器。

Methods of Bitcoin Mining

比特幣挖礦方法

CPU Mining

CPU挖礦

CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, the main processor in a computer that handles general computing tasks. CPU mining was one of the earliest methods used to mine Bitcoin. Initially, Bitcoin mining could

CPU 代表中央處理單元，是電腦中處理一般運算任務的主處理器。 CPU 挖礦是最早用來挖掘比特幣的方法之一。最初，比特幣挖礦可以