Depin解釋了：區塊鏈如何改變現實世界的基礎架構

分散的物理基礎架構網絡（或Depin）代表了我們如何構建和運營現實世界基礎架構的新範式。

Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks, commonly known as DePIN, represent a new paradigm in how we build and operate real-world infrastructure, shifting the focus from large corporations or government entities to community ownership and maintenance.

分散的物理基礎設施網絡（通常稱為Depin）代表了我們如何構建和運營現實世界基礎設施的新範式，將重點從大公司或政府實體轉移到社區所有權和維護。

At its essence, DePIN is about converging physical infrastructure with decentralized networks. It works by enabling individuals to deploy real, physical hardware—such as wireless hotspots, sensors, servers, or other devices—and receive crypto tokens in return for providing useful services to the network. The blockchain acts as the public ledger and coordination layer, recording all contributions and usage of the service, handling token transactions, and enforcing the rules (often through smart contracts) that keep the network running fairly and transparently.

從本質上講，Depin是關於將物理基礎架構與分散網絡融合。它通過使個人能夠部署真實的物理硬件（例如無線熱點，傳感器，服務器或其他設備）並接收加密代幣以換取為網絡提供有用的服務，從而起作用。區塊鏈充當公共分類賬和協調層，記錄服務的所有貢獻和使用，處理令牌交易，並執行（通常是通過智能合約），以使網絡保持公平，透明。

Key components of a DePIN include:

Depin的關鍵組成部分包括：

* Community-Run Hardware: Participants (who can be everyday people or small businesses) deploy physical nodes (e.g., antennas, routers, sensors) that provide a service (e.g., network coverage, storage space, sensor data) to users.

*社區經營的硬件：參與者（可以是日常人或小型企業）部署物理節點（例如，天線，路由器，傳感器），向用戶提供服務（例如，網絡覆蓋，存儲空間，傳感器數據）。

* Blockchain Coordination: A blockchain network keeps a tamper-proof record of all service activity and contributions, acting as a neutral manager. It tracks which node provided what service and when. Because the records are public and verifiable, participants can trust the system without a central authority.

*區塊鏈協調：一個區塊鍊網絡可保留所有服務活動和貢獻的防篡改記錄，並充當中立的經理。它跟踪哪些節點提供了什麼服務和何時。由於記錄是公共和可驗證的，因此參與者可以在沒有中央權威的情況下信任該系統。

* Token Incentives: The network’s native crypto tokens align everyone’s incentives. Contributors earn tokens as rewards for providing services (like hosting a hotspot or sharing spare computing power), while users of the service might pay in tokens or spend tokens (or associated credits) to access the infrastructure. Tokens can also confer governance rights, letting the community vote on upgrades or policies.

*令牌激勵措施：該網絡的本地加密代幣使每個人的激勵措施保持一致。貢獻者會獲得代幣作為提供服務的獎勵（例如託管熱點或共享備用計算能力），而該服務的用戶可能會在令牌或支出代幣（或相關信用額度）中訪問基礎架構。令牌還可以賦予治理權利，讓社區對升級或政策進行投票。

* Decentralized Coordination: Decisions and growth happen from the bottom up. There is no single company controlling the network; instead, open participation means anyone who meets the basic requirements (e.g., buying a device and following the protocol) can join and contribute. This broad participation makes the network more resilient and often more geographically widespread than centrally planned systems.

*分散的協調：決策和增長是從自下而上的。沒有控製網絡的單一公司；取而代之的是，公開參與意味著滿足基本要求的任何人（例如，購買設備並遵循協議）都可以加入並貢獻。這種廣泛的參與使網絡比中央計劃的系統更具彈性，並且通常在地理上更廣泛。

In essence, DePIN applies this model of a peer-to-peer economy to infrastructure.

從本質上講，Depin將這種對等經濟的模型應用於基礎設施。

For instance, visualize a “people-powered” wireless network. Individuals install wireless hotspots in their homes or offices, and these devices work together to form a crowd-sourced network that provides local coverage for internet and IoT data. The blockchain records each data delivery from a hotspot and automatically rewards the owner with tokens as compensation for providing coverage. The result is a public network built and maintained by its users, as opposed to a network created by a telecom giant.

例如，可視化一個“供電”的無線網絡。個人在家里或辦公室中安裝無線熱點，這些設備共同努力，形成一個眾包網絡，為互聯網和物聯網數據提供本地覆蓋範圍。區塊鏈從熱點記錄每個數據傳輸，並自動獎勵所有者用令牌作為提供覆蓋範圍的補償。結果是由用戶建立和維護的公共網絡，而不是由電信巨頭創建的網絡。

This approach makes infrastructure more accessible, efficient, and resilient. There is no single point of failure, and the network grows where people find it useful.

這種方法使基礎架構更容易獲得，高效和彈性。沒有單一的故障點，網絡在人們發現它有用的地方生長。

DePIN has the potential to democratize infrastructure in the same way that Bitcoin and DeFi democratized finance, reducing reliance on monopolies or big intermediaries as communities fill service gaps themselves.

Depin具有將基礎設施民主化的潛力，就像比特幣和對財務民主化的方式相同，隨著社區本身填補服務空白的填補，減少對壟斷或大中介的依賴。

The contributors who help run the network are rewarded with tokens, which bootstraps growth—the more people join and contribute, the stronger the network becomes, which in turn attracts more users in a virtuous cycle. It also encourages innovation and local solutions—rather than one-size-fits-all infrastructure, different regions or groups can deploy what they need, when they need it, without waiting for corporate investment or government programs.

有助於運行網絡的貢獻者會獲得令牌的獎勵，即引導程序的增長 - 加入並貢獻的人越多，網絡變得越強，這反過來又吸引了更多的良性週期用戶。它還鼓勵創新和本地解決方案（與一定程度的基礎架構相比，不同的地區或團體可以在需要時部署所需的東西，而無需等待公司投資或政府計劃。

In the next sections, we’ll explore how DePIN principles are being applied across various sectors—from telecom and energy to mobility and mapping—with real-world projects leading the way.

在接下來的部分中，我們將探討如何以現實世界中的項目領先於各個部門（從電信和能源到移動性和映射）在各個部門中應用原則。

1. Telecom and Wireless Networks

1。電信和無線網絡

One of the most prominent use cases for DePIN is in telecommunications, particularly wireless internet and IoT connectivity. Traditional wireless networks, such as cellular data or WiFi hotspots, are provided by large telecom companies that build towers and infrastructure. DePIN projects are turning this model upside down by crowdsourcing coverage from the ground up.

DEPIN最突出的用例之一是電信，尤其是無線Internet和IoT連接。傳統的無線網絡（例如蜂窩數據或WiFi熱點）由建造塔樓和基礎設施的大型電信公司提供。 Depin項目通過從頭開始覆蓋眾包的覆蓋範圍將這種模型顛倒了。

Participants can set up small wireless nodes in their homes or businesses, creating a decentralized communication network that anyone nearby can use. By contributing bandwidth and coverage, these participants earn crypto tokens as rewards. This acts as a mini service provider in the broadest sense of the word.

參與者可以在他們的房屋或企業中設置小型無線節點，從而創建一個分散的通信網絡，附近任何人都可以使用。通過貢獻帶寬和覆蓋範圍，這些參與者獲得了加密代幣作為獎勵。這在最廣泛的含義上充當了迷你服務提供商。

The blockchain serves as the public ledger and coordinator, recording all contributions and usage fairly and transparently. It also enforces the rules of the network to keep it running smoothly.

區塊鍊是公共分類帳和協調員，公平，透明地記錄所有貢獻和使用。它還強制執行網絡規則以使其保持順利運行。

Helium – The People-Powered Wireless Network

氦氣 - 供電的無線網絡

A leading example in this space is the Helium Network, which allows individuals to host low-cost wireless hotspots that provide connectivity for Internet of Things (IoT) devices (and more recently, for cellular data as well). In return, hotspot hosts earn Helium’s native cryptocurrency, HNT. This model has led to the rapid growth of a truly people-powered network.

這個領域的一個主要例子是氦網絡，該網絡允許個人託管低成本的無線熱點，這些熱點為物聯網（IoT）設備（以及最近的蜂窩數據）提供連接。作為回報，Hotspot主持人贏得了Helium的本地加密貨幣。該模型導致了真正的人力網絡的快速增長。

Helium became the world’s largest decentralized wireless network, with over 375,000 active hotspots deployed by everyday users around the globe. Each hotspot acts like a mini cell tower or WiFi router, and together they form a blanket of coverage for sensors, smart devices, and even phones in some areas.

氦氣成為世界上最大的分散無線網絡，全球日常用戶部署了超過375,000個活躍的熱點。每個熱點都像迷你電池塔或WiFi路由器一樣，一起在某些地區形成了傳感器，智能設備甚至手機的覆蓋範圍。

Helium

氦