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全球最受歡迎的加密貨幣之一的聯合創始人呼籲對該行業進行更嚴格的監管,以防範困擾該行業的欺詐和劇烈波動
The co-founder of one of the world's most popular cryptocurrencies has called for tighter regulation of the sector to guard against the fraud and wild swings that have dogged it, in an interview with AFP from the firm's European headquarters in Paris on Friday.
全球最受歡迎的加密貨幣之一的聯合創始人週五在該公司位於巴黎的歐洲總部接受法新社採訪時,呼籲對該行業進行更嚴格的監管,以防止欺詐和劇烈波動。
Jeremy Allaire of Circle recounted the US firm's decision to offer a stabilised cryptocurrency -- and insisted crypto operators owed it to society to submit to safeguards just as other emerging sectors such as AI must.
Circle 的傑里米·阿萊爾(Jeremy Allaire) 講述了這家美國公司提供穩定加密貨幣的決定,並堅稱加密貨幣運營商有義務向社會屈服,就像人工智能等其他新興行業必須遵守的保障措施一樣。
"We have social objectives that we have to match against the technology," Allaire said during a visit this week to Circle's European headquarters in Paris.
阿萊爾在本週訪問 Circle 位於巴黎的歐洲總部時表示:“我們的社會目標必須與技術相匹配。”
Circle offers a USDC "stablecoin", pegged to the dollar, as well as a euro-pegged variant, EURC.
Circle 提供與美元掛鉤的 USDC“穩定幣”,以及與歐元掛鉤的變體 EURC。
Currently, $35.5 billion worth of USDC are in circulation.
目前,流通中的 USDC 價值為 355 億美元。
As with other cryptocurrencies, transactions are recorded on a decentralised ledger, the blockchain, and not by a bank as is the case with traditional currencies.
與其他加密貨幣一樣,交易記錄在去中心化帳本(區塊鏈)上,而不是像傳統貨幣那樣由銀行記錄。
However, whereas the dollar value of cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin tends to fluctuate, often wildly, the creators of stablecoins actively target a stable value.
然而,儘管比特幣等加密貨幣的美元價值往往波動很大,但穩定幣的創造者卻積極瞄準穩定的價值。
In a world propelled by technological development, Allaire said, safeguards are vital for such activities.
阿萊爾表示,在科技發展推動的世界中,保障措施對此類活動至關重要。
"If I'm writing software to control a ballistic missile system, that should be regulated activity," said Allaire.
「如果我正在編寫控制彈道飛彈系統的軟體,那麼這應該是受監管的活動,」阿萊爾說。
"If I'm writing a large language model and deploying that, and it has the potential to do very problematic things in society, there need to be rules that need to be assessed. Crypto is the same thing."
“如果我正在編寫一個大型語言模型並進行部署,並且它有可能在社會上造成非常有問題的事情,那麼就需要製定需要評估的規則。加密貨幣也是一樣。”
Crypto fraud, ransomware
加密貨幣詐欺、勒索軟體
Cryptocurrencies have made headlines since their creation, from their extreme volatility to the collapse of several industry giants, foremost among them the FTX exchange platform.
加密貨幣自誕生以來就一直成為頭條新聞,從其極端波動到幾個行業巨頭的倒閉,其中最重要的是 FTX 交易平台。
The best-known cyptocurrency, bitcoin, remains the currency of choice for paying on the dark web without leaving any trace.
最著名的加密貨幣比特幣仍然是在暗網上不留下任何痕跡支付的首選貨幣。
It is used for extorting funds via ransomware attacks, which block access to victims' computer systems and demand a ransom payment.
它用於透過勒索軟體攻擊勒索資金,勒索軟體攻擊會阻止對受害者電腦系統的存取並要求支付贖金。
According to a recent report by Chainanalysis, the first half of 2024 was marked by a decrease in illicit activities. However, over that period, $460 million was paid out for ransomware, a rise of two percent on a year earlier.
根據 Chainanalysis 最近的一份報告,2024 年上半年非法活動減少。然而,在此期間,勒索軟體支付了 4.6 億美元,比一年前增加了 2%。
Crypto exhanges operate through open-source software, Allaire noted.
阿萊爾指出,加密貨幣交易所透過開源軟體進行營運。
"That helps with transparency, visibility, security, other things."
“這有助於提高透明度、可見性、安全性和其他方面。”
But some have been "using the technology to do things outside of any kind of supervision", he conceded.
但他承認,有些人一直在「利用這項技術在任何形式的監督之外做事」。
"You've seen fraud, abuse. You've seen people running off with money."
“你見過欺詐、虐待。你見過人們攜款潛逃。”
When cryptocurrency emerged, "unregulated intermediaries" sprang up in the sector, he said.
他說,當加密貨幣出現時,「不受監管的中介機構」在該行業湧現。
"Of course, the risks they take... in many cases, have led to significant losses," Allaire said.
「當然,他們所承擔的風險……在許多情況下,導致了重大損失,」阿萊爾說。
"But that's not an argument against the technology. That's an argument against humans. And it's an argument for better supervision."
“但這並不是反對技術的論點。這是反對人類的論點。這是對更好監管的論點。”
EU, US crypto regulations
歐盟、美國加密貨幣法規
Regulators across the globe have taken note.
全球監管機構已經注意到這一點。
Last year the European Parliament adopted an EU-wide framework for crypto asset markets, "MiCA" -- Markets in Crypto-Assets -- requiring mandatory approval for digital-asset service providers.
去年,歐洲議會通過了歐盟範圍內的加密資產市場框架「MiCA」(加密資產市場),要求對數位資產服務提供者進行強制批准。
In July, Circle announced it was the first "stablecoin" issuer to comply with this new regulation.
7 月,Circle 宣布它是第一家遵守這項新規定的「穩定幣」發行人。
Stablecoins are used to facilitate intra-crypto exchanges by investors without having to go through a bank.
穩定幣用於促進投資者進行加密貨幣內部交易,而無需透過銀行。
But they also give users access to a product pegged to the dollar without having a bank account in the United States, and allow cross-border payments or money transfers.
但它們也允許用戶在沒有美國銀行帳戶的情況下使用與美元掛鉤的產品,並允許跨境支付或匯款。
In the United States too, greater regulation is on the agenda.
在美國,加強監管也已提上日程。
US presidential candidate Kamala Harris was quoted as telling Bloomberg last week: "We will encourage innovative technologies like AI and digital assets, while protecting our consumers and investors."
據報道,美國總統候選人卡馬拉·哈里斯上週對彭博社表示:“我們將鼓勵人工智慧和數位資產等創新技術,同時保護我們的消費者和投資者。”
In May the US House of Representatives passed a legal framework designed to regulate the crypto market -- the Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act.
5 月,美國眾議院通過了旨在監管加密貨幣市場的法律框架—《21 世紀金融創新與技術法案》。
Circle is meanwhile preparing to move its headquarters from Boston to New York City - "at the very top of the World Trade Center... the very heart of the dollar international system," says Allaire.
與此同時,Circle 正準備將總部從波士頓遷至紐約市——「位於世界貿易中心的最頂層……美元國際體系的核心,」阿萊爾說。
"That's in part symbolic. It's also who we are, what we're doing. We're building, hopefully, the world's leading digital dollar and upgrading to this new internet financial system."
“這在一定程度上具有像徵意義。這也是我們是誰,我們正在做什麼。我們希望建立世界領先的數位美元,併升級到這個新的互聯網金融體系。”
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