比特幣挖礦大遷移：美國如何超越中國成為全球領導者

近年來，全球比特幣挖礦格局發生了巨大轉變。曾經由中國礦工主導的算力分佈已經發生了顯著變化。

China’s dominance in global Bitcoin mining has waned, with U.S.-based mining operations now commanding around 40% of the total hashrate distribution. This shift is largely attributed to China’s government crackdown on Bitcoin mining in 2021, which forced miners to shut down or relocate their activities.

中國在全球比特幣挖礦領域的主導地位減弱，美國的挖礦業務目前佔據總算力分佈的 40% 左右。這一轉變很大程度上歸因於中國政府在 2021 年對比特幣挖礦的打擊，迫使礦商關閉或搬遷其活動。

In May 2021, the Chinese government announced a ban on Bitcoin mining, citing concerns over financial stability, excessive electricity usage, and the environmental impacts of the energy-intensive mining process. This policy decision shifted the global hashrate distribution dramatically, as China had previously controlled around two-thirds of the total Bitcoin mining power.

2021 年 5 月，中國政府宣布禁止比特幣挖礦，理由是擔心金融穩定、過度用電以及能源密集型挖礦過程對環境的影響。這項政策決定大幅改變了全球算力分佈，因為中國先前控制了比特幣總算力的三分之二左右。

As a result of the government crackdown, Bitcoin miners were left with little choice but to relocate their operations or cease mining activities altogether. Many miners opted to move their mining rigs to other countries, seeking regions with favorable regulatory environments, access to cheap energy, and supportive government policies.

由於政府的鎮壓，比特幣礦工別無選擇，只能重新安置其業務或完全停止採礦活動。許多礦商選擇將採礦設備轉移到其他國家，尋找具有有利監管環境、廉價能源和支持性政府政策的地區。

The United States became an attractive destination for displaced Bitcoin miners due to its relatively favorable regulations on cryptocurrency mining. Unlike China, the U.S. government has not imposed sweeping bans on mining activities.

由於美國對加密貨幣挖礦的監管相對有利，因此成為對流離失所的比特幣礦工有吸引力的目的地。與中國不同，美國政府並未對採礦活動實施全面禁令。

Furthermore, certain states in the U.S. have actively welcomed crypto miners, offering regulatory clarity, favorable tax policies, and access to financial markets. This supportive atmosphere at the state level has made the United States a preferred destination for large-scale mining operations.

此外，美國某些州積極歡迎加密貨幣礦工，提供明確的監管、優惠的稅收政策和金融市場准入。這種州一級的支持氛圍使美國成為大規模採礦作業的首選目的地。

Availability of affordable energy is a crucial factor for Bitcoin miners, as the mining process requires substantial amounts of electricity. Several states in the U.S. are known for their abundant renewable resources, such as wind and solar power, which can provide cheap electricity for mining operations.

負擔得起的能源的可用性對於比特幣礦工來說是一個關鍵因素，因為採礦過程需要大量電力。美國的幾個州以其豐富的可再生資源而聞名，例如風能和太陽能，可以為採礦作業提供廉價的電力。

For example, states like Texas and Wyoming have lower energy costs, enabling mining companies to scale their operations efficiently and reduce their overall mining expenses. Several U.S. companies, including Riot Blockchain and Marathon Digital Holdings, have made significant investments in mining infrastructure, increasing their operational capacities and contributing to the growth of the U.S. mining industry.

例如，德克薩斯州和懷俄明州等州的能源成本較低，使礦業公司能夠有效地擴大營運規模並降低整體採礦費用。包括Riot Blockchain和Marathon Digital Holdings在內的多家美國公司對採礦基礎設施進行了大量投資，提高了營運能力，為美國採礦業的成長做出了貢獻。