The Protocol: Crypto Fundraising, Job Losses, Juicy Payouts, Grants for Devs

In this week's issue of The Protocol, our newsletter on blockchain tech, we're covering the Optimism's $42.5M token pledge to Kraken, crypto VC funding, grants for Bitcoin open-source developers, and Polymarket's (negligible) impact on Polygon's bottom line.

The Protocol: Crypto Fundraising, Job Losses, Juicy Payouts, Grants for Devs In an industry where the whole point is to revolutionize the business of money, the hunt for actual money is quite real. Sometimes it comes in tokens, sometimes in cash; when teams run out of money, jobs are lost. When projects hit a stride, developers reap windfalls – though not always. We've got all sorts of money stories this week – from a report on funding for Bitcoin Core developers, to the Optimism Foundation's $42.5 million grant to crypto exchange Kraken (a scoop!), to the Stratos report on crypto venture capital firms. I almost decided to call this, "The Money issue," or something like that. But it all just sort of happened organically, so here you go.

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Cumulative gas fees Polymarket on Polygon PoS in 2024 have totaled just over $27,000 this year, through Oct. 23. (Token Terminal)

Polymarket, a decentralized predictions market, has been a massive success for the Polygon blockchain team. The betting app has been organically breaking out, getting mainstream usage and attention – speculation on presidential elections! And the Satoshi HBO documentary! But according to data, Polymarket has only brought in a meager $27,000 in fees on Polygon’s PoS blockchain in 2024, CoinDesk's Margaux Nijkerk reported in her incredibly smart and surprising dive into the topic. How is this possible?

Polygon Labs CEO Marc Boiron agreed that $27,000 is a low figure, but he told Nijkerk that the dynamic illustrates just how cheap it is to use the blockchain – a selling point. The fee for a transaction on Polygon PoS is about $0.007, easily below the sub-cent threshold that several teams have targeted. Boiron argues that apps like Polymarket aren’t expected to bring in large revenues in transaction fees, as one might expect from more transaction-intensive applications like decentralized crypto exchanges.

“The question is, like, Why is Polymarket so interesting if they are only bringing in $20K?" Boiron told CoinDesk. "The obvious reason is just, let's call it attention.” The success shows that “you can have an amazingly successful app on Polygon PoS that, like you can, you hardly even know that you're using a blockchain,” Boiron said.

It was big enough news last week when the U.S. crypto exchange Kraken announced that it is launching its own layer-2 network atop the Ethereum blockchain, based on technology borrowed from Optimism – the same provider that powers rival Coinbase's layer-2 network, Base. Ink, as Kraken's new network is known, is being built on the OP stack, a customizable toolkit that lets developers create their own blockchains using Optimism’s technology. The network is expected to go live in early 2025. (CoinDesk broke the news about a year ago that Kraken was considering following Coinbase into the layer-2 space.)

The immediate takeaway was that Optimism and its "Superchain" appear to be winning the layer-2 race versus competitors like Arbitrum and Polygon. But as these things go, sometimes it takes a little extra time for the full story to dribble out. CoinDesk's Margaux Nijkerk, after some hard-nosed reporting, extracted the crucial detail that the Optimism Foundation paid Kraken a grant of some 25 million OP tokens (worth $42.5 million at the current price) to build on OP Stack.

Lest this lead to head-scratching — don't customers usually pay suppliers? — what is actually happening here is that the foundation is using its considerable warchest of spare tokens to encourage new networks to join the Superchain, and subsidize their development – with the ultimate goal of reaching critical mass (and potentially an insurmountable lead). The foundation's chief growth officer, Ryan Wyatt, posted on X (after the story ran) that the "Collective is not going to stop investing in developers."

Consensys, one of the main supporters of the Ethereum network, announced plans on Tuesday to lay off 20% of its workforce, blaming broader macroeconomic conditions and ongoing regulatory uncertainty, including the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) “abuse of power” in the space. Later in the day, the news emerged that, dYdX, the company building an on-chain crypto derivatives exchange, had fired 35% of its core team. The shake up adds more turbulence to dYdx's 2024 staffing woes, which had already seen CEO Antonio Juliano step down from the leadership post, only to return in early October.

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