UNISWAP LABS启动Unichain第2层区块链，以FlashBots Tee为目标MEV

原始分散交易所（DEX）UNISWAP的创始人Uniswap Labs已启动了Unichain第2层（L2）区块链。

Uniswap Labs, the founder of the original decentralized exchange (DEX) Uniswap, has launched the UniChain layer 2 (L2) blockchain. Another DeFi player, the money market fund provider Ondo Finance, launched its own layer 1 blockchain last week.

原始分散交易所（DEX）UNISWAP的创始人Uniswap Labs已启动了Unichain第2层（L2）区块链。另一位Defi球员，货币市场基金提供商Ondo Finance上周推出了自己的第1层区块链。

Fragmentation is a feature of both the permissioned and permissionless blockchain ecosystems. While there’s a different rationale for so many blockchains in the DeFi and traditional finance (TradFi) spaces, there is some overlap.

碎片是允许和无许可区块链生态系统的特征。虽然在Defi和传统金融（Tradfi）空间中，许多区块链有不同的理由，但存在一些重叠。

In TradFi, the goal of many institutions is to develop THE blockchain and have others come and use it, which ultimately is a profit motive. For DeFi the driver is often tokenomics – new chains provide revenue opportunities for the related tokens.

在Tradfi中，许多机构的目标是开发区块链，并让其他机构来使用它，这最终是一种利润动机。对于Defi而言，驾驶员通常是令牌 - 新链为相关令牌提供了收入机会。

Layer 2 chains in the permissionless arena offer lower transaction costs compared to Ethereum. Uniswap users already have the option for lower cost offerings on 11 other chains.

与以太坊相比，无许可竞技场中的第2层连锁店提供的交易成本较低。 UNISWAP用户已经可以选择其他11条连锁店的成本产品。

Before deciding to launch UniChain, Uniswap conducted research which found it has far more transactions on other layer 2 chains than on the Ethereum mainnet. But these are much smaller transactions.

在决定启动Unichain之前，UNISWAP进行了研究，发现它在其他第2层链上的交易远远超过了以太坊主网。但是这些交易要小得多。

A quick look at total value locked (TVL) shows almost $3 billion on Ethereum. The second largest chain is Coinbase’s Base with almost $250 million.

快速查看总价值锁定（TVL）显示以太坊的近30亿美元。第二大连锁店是Coinbase的基地，近2.5亿美元。

Given the whole point of an exchange is to provide liquidity, TVL matters.

鉴于交换的重点是提供流动性，TVL很重要。

“Unichain is built differently,” said Hayden Adams, Founder and CEO of Uniswap Labs. “We’re here to make DeFi faster, cheaper, more decentralized, which is why we launched Unichain to be permissionless from day one.”

Uniswap Labs的创始人兼首席执行官Hayden Adams说：“ Unichain的建造方式不同。” “我们在这里使Defi更快，更便宜，更加分散，这就是为什么我们从第一天开始启动毫无许可的原因。”

In fact, many layer 2 blockchains end up sacrificing decentralization. Adams’ point is that Unichain is more-or-less decentralized from day 1, but not fully, just in case something goes wrong. [It’s a Stage 1 rollup using the Optimism Superchain].

实际上，许多第2层区块链最终牺牲了权力下放。亚当斯（Adams）的观点是，从第1天开始，Unichain或不完全分散，但并非完全，以防万一出现问题。 [这是使用乐观超级链的第1阶段汇总]。

Its own L2 chain also allows it to add new features. One of them – Flashbots TEE – is interesting.

它自己的L2链还可以添加新功能。其中之一 - Flashbots Tee - 很有趣。

MEV and trusted execution environments (TEE)

MEV和值得信赖的执行环境（TEE）

In the traditional finance world, certain trading behavior such as front running or sandwich attacks based on insider information are often illegal.

在传统的金融界，基于内部信息的某些交易行为，例如前跑或三明治攻击通常是非法的。

Because permissionless blockchains are public and relatively slow, it’s possible to examine queued transactions in memory. Hence, if someone can see a big buy trade that’s likely to inflate the price of a coin, they can put their own buy order ahead of that one.

由于无许可的区块链是公开的，并且相对较慢，因此可以检查内存中的排队交易。因此，如果有人可以看到可能会夸大硬币价格的大买交易，那么他们可以将自己的买入订单提前。

This frontrunning on blockchains is referred to as maximal extractable value (MEV).

在区块链上的这种frontrund被称为最大可提取值（MEV）。

One of the latest trends is to try to limit the types of MEV transactions. There’s some appreciation that traders lose out with frontrunning and sandwich attacks.

最新趋势之一是尝试限制MEV交易的类型。人们对交易者的领先和三明治攻击失败了。

Hence, there’s a move by Flashbots, the main provider for MEV technology, to use partial transaction privacy using trusted execution environments (TEE), like Intel’s SGX hardware.

因此，MEV技术的主要提供商FlashBots采取了一种动作，它使用可信赖的执行环境（TEE）（例如Intel的SGX硬件）使用部分交易隐私。

SGX hardware is similar to secure enclaves on an iPhone which are used to store bank card data – the data is not available to the rest of the operating system.

SGX硬件类似于用于存储银行卡数据的iPhone上的Sceiply Enclaves - 其余操作系统无法使用数据。

Flashbots doesn’t want to completely eliminate MEV. It aims to hide the transaction amount and wallet address. That prevents frontrunning and sandwich attacks.

FlashBots不想完全消除MEV。它旨在隐藏交易金额和钱包地址。这样可以防止领先者和三明治攻击。

However, It doesn’t stop backrunning. When a large transaction moves the token price, there’s often a smaller opportunity afterward. Taking advantage of that with another trade is referred to as backrunning.

但是，它不会停止逆转。当大型交易转移到代币价格时，此后通常会有一个较小的机会。利用另一个贸易的优势被称为抗逆转。

So, UniChain plans to use Flashbots TEE, which will come with the handy side effect of faster transaction finality.

因此，Unichain计划使用Flashbots Tee，这将带来更快的交易终止的方便副作用。