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Uniswap 是交易量最大的去中心化交易所,其背后的公司已加入以太坊 L2 竞赛,专注于去中心化金融领域用户的需求。
Uniswap Labs, the company behind the namesake decentralized exchange, has announced the launch of Unichain, an Ethereum L2 focused on the needs of users in the decentralized finance space.
同名去中心化交易所背后的公司 Uniswap Labs 宣布推出 Unichain,这是一个专注于去中心化金融领域用户需求的以太坊 L2。
The nascent scaling solution is built by Uniswap Labs on Optimism's Superchain, a unified network of layer 2 blockchains built using the OP Stack.
新生的扩展解决方案由 Uniswap Labs 在 Optimism 的 Superchain 上构建,Superchain 是使用 OP Stack 构建的第 2 层区块链的统一网络。
“One of the biggest benefits of Optimism is just that I think it’s a standard a lot of people can converge around… We’re excited for their vision of interoperability and being able to partner with Optimism, partner with Base, and really prove out the Ethereum roadmap of interoperable L2s,” Uniswap Labs CEO Hayden Adams told Unchained.
“Optimism 最大的好处之一是,我认为这是一个很多人都可以共同遵守的标准……我们对他们的互操作性愿景感到兴奋,并且能够与 Optimism、Base 合作,并真正证明了Uniswap Labs 首席执行官 Hayden Adams 告诉 Unchained,以太坊可互操作的 L2 路线图。
Optimism's OP Mainnet, and Coinbase-incubated Base are in the Superchain ecosystem.
Optimism 的 OP 主网和 Coinbase 孵化的 Base 都在 Superchain 生态中。
The new network, which is live on a private testnet and is expected to roll out in the next few months, has two key features – verifiable block building and a validation network – according to its whitepaper written by a number of people such as Adams, Flashbots strategy lead Hasu, OP Labs CEO Karl Floersch, and Paradigm general partner Dan Robinson.
新网络在私人测试网上运行,预计将在未来几个月内推出,根据 Adams 等多位人士撰写的白皮书,它具有两个关键功能——可验证的区块构建和验证网络, Flashbots 战略主管 Hasu、OP Labs 首席执行官 Karl Floersch 和 Paradigm 普通合伙人 Dan Robinson。
Created in collaboration with Flashbots, a research and development firm known for its focus on maximal extractable value (MEV), verifiable block building is ideally designed to help Unichain have 200-250 millisecond block times.
可验证的区块构建是与 Flashbots 合作创建的,Flashbots 是一家以专注于最大可提取价值 (MEV) 而闻名的研发公司,其理想设计旨在帮助 Unichain 拥有 200-250 毫秒的出块时间。
An Already Crowded L2 Ecosystem
已经拥挤的 L2 生态系统
Uniswap Labs unveiling Unichain marks an additional entrant into the already populated L2 arena. At press time, the number of L2 protocols attempting to help scale Ethereum currently stands at 105 with Arbitrum, Base, and OP Mainnet taking the top three ranks by total value locked, per Ethereum scaling solution analytics platform L2Beat.
Uniswap Labs 推出 Unichain 标志着已经很拥挤的 L2 领域又一个进入者。根据以太坊扩展解决方案分析平台 L2Beat,截至发稿时,试图帮助扩展以太坊的 L2 协议数量目前为 105 个,其中 Arbitrum、Base 和 OP Mainnet 按锁定总价值排名前三。
As to why Uniswap Labs is introducing yet another L2, Adams told Unchained he wants Unichain to improve the fragmented user experience of DeFi in which liquidity on each network is siloed from capital on the others. The company intends to do that by making it easy for users and developers to access liquidity across the Superchain.
至于 Uniswap Labs 为何要引入另一个 L2,Adams 告诉 Unchained,他希望 Unichain 能够改善 DeFi 分散的用户体验,在这种体验中,每个网络上的流动性与其他网络上的资本是相互隔离的。该公司打算通过让用户和开发者轻松获得整个超级链的流动性来实现这一目标。
“We want to create a chain where other chains can interoperate with [each other] very easily,” Adams said. “If you have a token on one chain and you want to buy another token, that trade might execute on Unichain.”
“我们希望创建一条链,其他链可以非常轻松地相互操作,”亚当斯说。 “如果你在一个链上有一个代币,并且你想购买另一个代币,那么该交易可能会在 Unichain 上执行。”
Although Unichain will start with single-block, cross-chain messaging among all Superchain L2s, the company will also work on creating interoperability for all chains, not just ones in the Superchain ecosystem, by working on Ethereum Improvement Proposals, such as one around “cross chain intents,” an interface that will allow users to easily transact across chains.
尽管 Unichain 将从所有超级链 L2 之间的单块、跨链消息传递开始,但该公司还将通过制定以太坊改进提案,致力于为所有链(而不仅仅是超级链生态系统中的链)创建互操作性,例如围绕“跨链意图”,一个允许用户轻松跨链交易的界面。
Unichain’s Sequencer Versus Others
Unichain 的排序器与其他排序器
Unichain, like all, or at least the vast majority of L2s, depends on a single sequencer, a critical piece of rollup infrastructure charged with ordering and bundling transactions from the L2 before posting them to Ethereum’s base layer. Unichain’s validation network is expected to address the centralization risks associated with single-sequencer architectures.
Unichain 与所有 L2 或至少绝大多数 L2 一样,依赖于单个排序器,这是汇总基础设施的关键部分,负责在将 L2 交易发布到以太坊基础层之前对交易进行排序和捆绑。 Unichain 的验证网络有望解决与单序列器架构相关的中心化风险。
“While Unichain leverages a single sequencer for efficiency, it introduces further decentralization by allowing full nodes to help verify blocks by staking UNI,” the Uniswap’s blog post stated. “This approach reduces the risk of sequencers proposing conflicting or invalid blocks, which could delay transaction finality or expose users to financial risks from interacting with unfinalized blocks.”
Uniswap 的博客文章指出:“虽然 Unichain 利用单个排序器来提高效率,但它允许完整节点通过抵押 UNI 来帮助验证区块,从而引入了进一步的去中心化。” “这种方法降低了排序器提出冲突或无效块的风险,这可能会延迟交易最终确定或使用户因与未最终块交互而面临财务风险。”
Most L2 sequencers are controlled by a single entity. For example, Base’s sequencer is dictated by Coinbase, which earns 100% of the fees generated by the sequencer. But Unichain has more than one party, namely Uniswap Labs and Flashbots, involved in its sequencer, plus the UNI stakers who act as a second layer of security. By participating in Unichain’s validation network, UNI stakers verify each block of transactions the sequencer builds.
大多数 L2 音序器由单个实体控制。例如,Base 的测序仪是由 Coinbase 支配的,Coinbase 赚取测序仪产生的费用的 100%。但 Unichain 的排序器涉及不止一个方,即 Uniswap Labs 和 Flashbots,以及充当第二层安全保障的 UNI 质押者。通过参与 Unichain 的验证网络,UNI 质押者验证排序器构建的每个交易块。
As a result, the fees Unichain garners from users transacting on the blockchain will be divided up amongst the various actors contributing to the network. “Sequencer will earn some fees for being a sequencer [and] the validation network will earn fees for being a validation network. These are two different roles within the ecosystem,” Adams said.
因此,Unichain 从用户在区块链上进行交易获得的费用将在为网络做出贡献的各个参与者之间分配。 “定序器将因成为定序器而赚取一些费用,并且验证网络将因成为验证网络而赚取费用。这是生态系统中的两个不同角色,”亚当斯说。
UPDATE (Oct. 10 09:58 a.m. ET): A previous version of this story said “Optimism, aka OP Mainnet” which has since been revised to “Optimism’s OP Mainnet” for clarity. Optimism is the Collective, and the home of the Superchain, while OP Mainnet is a single blockchain.
更新(美国东部时间 10 月 10 日上午 09:58):本文的前一个版本称“Optimism,又名 OP 主网”,为了清晰起见,现已将其修改为“Optimism 的 OP 主网”。乐观是集体,是超级链的家,而OP主网是一个单一的区块链。
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