智能面料：时尚和能源的未来

无需外部电源即可监控您的体温、跟踪您的活动或让您保持舒适。

Imagine clothing that monitors your temperature, tracks your activity, or keeps you cozy all by itself without needing an external power source.

想象一下，衣服可以监测您的体温、跟踪您的活动或让您保持舒适，无需外部电源。

Well, all this and more is fast becoming a reality thanks to all the research and development happening at the intersection of tech and clothing.

嗯，由于科技和服装交叉领域发生的所有研究和开发，所有这一切以及更多正在迅速成为现实。

Technological advancement has been transforming our lives by making our phones and home appliances smarter. Now, even our clothes are becoming smart, unlocking possibilities that pave the way for an exciting and more sustainable future.

技术进步使我们的手机和家用电器变得更加智能，从而改变了我们的生活。现在，甚至我们的衣服也变得智能，释放出各种可能性，为令人兴奋和更可持续的未来铺平道路。

The global smart textile market is already valued at $4.1bln and is projected to rise to $24.5 bln by 2032. Interestingly, energy harvesting currently accounts for the largest share of this market, according to Markets and Markets.

全球智能纺织品市场价值已达 41 亿美元，预计到 2032 年将增至 245 亿美元。有趣的是，根据 Markets and Markets 的数据，能量收集目前占据该市场的最大份额。

Energy harvesting is converting ambient energy into electrical energy to power autonomous electronic devices. This energy can be harvested from various sources, including mechanical and thermal. To create energy-harvesting textiles, active materials are usually added to the textile's surface or woven or embroidered into it.

能量收集正在将环境能量转化为电能，为自主电子设备供电。这种能量可以从各种来源获取，包括机械能量和热能量。为了制造能量收集纺织品，通常将活性材料添加到纺织品的表面或编织或刺绣到其中。

Such smart fabrics can potentially be utilized as an alternative to batteries, which require recharging or periodic replacement because they contain only a finite amount of energy. In wearable textile applications, batteries tend to be rigid, bulky items that must be removed before washing and hence need improvement.

这种智能织物有可能用作电池的替代品，因为电池只包含有限的能量，因此需要充电或定期更换。在可穿戴纺织品应用中，电池往往是坚硬、笨重的物品，必须在清洗前移除，因此需要改进。

While still at a relatively early stage, this sector is growing rapidly, driven by a combination of factors, including technology advances, design, consumer demand, miniaturization, and government policies.

虽然仍处于相对早期阶段，但在技术进步、设计、消费者需求、小型化和政府政策等因素的推动下，该行业正在快速增长。

Now, let's take a look into the exciting innovations in the sector and the literal power of the clothes that we wear!

现在，让我们来看看该领域令人兴奋的创新以及我们所穿衣服的真正力量！

Smart Fabric to Convert Body Heat Into Electricity

智能织物将体热转化为电能

One of the most recent and electrifying developments was made by researchers from the University of Waterloo in collaboration with a leading institution in textile science and engineering at Jiangnan University, who created a smart fabric that converts thermal energy from the body and sunlight into electrical power.

滑铁卢大学的研究人员与江南大学纺织科学与工程领域的领先机构合作，取得了最新的一项令人兴奋的进展，他们创造了一种智能织物，可以将身体和阳光的热能转化为电能。

This smart fabric has the capability to generate power, observe health metrics, and track physical activity. These sensors allow the fabric to detect temperature changes and monitor pressure, stress, and chemical composition.

这种智能织物能够发电、观察健康指标并跟踪身体活动。这些传感器使织物能够检测温度变化并监测压力、应力和化学成分。

A promising application of this fabric is smart face masks that can track the temperature and rate of your breath as well as detect chemicals to help identify conditions like lung cancer and viruses. According to Yuning Li, director of the Printable Electronic Materials Lab at Waterloo and a professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering:

这种织物的一个有前途的应用是智能口罩，它可以跟踪你的呼吸温度和速率，并检测化学物质以帮助识别肺癌和病毒等疾病。滑铁卢大学可印刷电子材料实验室主任、化学工程系教授李宇宁表示：

“We have developed a fabric material with multifunctional sensing capabilities and self-powering potential (that) brings us closer to practical applications for smart fabrics.”

“我们开发了一种具有多功能传感能力和自供电潜力的织物材料，使我们更接近智能织物的实际应用。”

The fabric designed by the team is flexible, MXene-based, thermoelectric, and can precisely determine strain stimuli and temperature. To achieve this, the team developed a layer of adhesive polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of the nylon fabric, which facilitated the MXene attachment through hydrogen bonding.

该团队设计的织物是柔性的、基于 MXene 的热电织物，可以精确确定应变刺激和温度。为了实现这一目标，该团队在尼龙织物的表面上开发了一层粘合性聚多巴胺（PDA），这有助于通过氢键连接 MXene。

MXene has been drawing a lot of attention for its rare combination of properties like layered structure, flexibility, large surface area, electric and metallic conductivity, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, size tunability, and rich surface chemistry. The study noted:

MXene 因其罕见的特性组合而受到广泛关注，例如层状结构、柔韧性、大表面积、导电性和金属导电性、生物相容性、亲水性、尺寸可调性和丰富的表面化学性质。该研究指出：

“The resultant MXene-based thermoelectric fabric exhibits outstanding temperature detection capability and cyclic stability while also delivering excellent sensitivity, rapid responsiveness (60 ms), and remarkable durability in strain sensing (3200 cycles).”

“由此产生的基于 MXene 的热电织物具有出色的温度检测能力和循环稳定性，同时还具有出色的灵敏度、快速响应能力（60 毫秒）和卓越的应变传感耐用性（3200 次循环）。”

The novel fabric is not only more cost-effective, durable, and stable than other fabrics on the market, but unlike the current wearable devices that need frequent recharging, this one can operate without requiring an external source of power. This way, the research demonstrates the huge potential of integrating conductive polymers and MXene with modern fabric tech for the advancement of smart fabrics.

这种新颖的面料不仅比市场上的其他面料更具成本效益、耐用且稳定，而且与当前需要频繁充电的可穿戴设备不同，这种面料可以在不需要外部电源的情况下运行。通过这种方式，研究证明了将导电聚合物和 MXene 与现代织物技术相结合对于推动智能织物的发展具有巨大潜力。

Noting the various progress made in tech, including AI, which is evolving rapidly to offer advanced signal processing for health monitoring and the preservation of food and pharmaceuticals, Li argued that all these advancements rely on ‘comprehensive data collection, which traditional sensors—often cumbersome, expensive, and unwieldy—are unable to achieve.' This makes printed sensors, embedded in smart fabrics, ideal for continuous data collection and monitoring, Li added.

李指出，包括人工智能在内的技术取得了各种进步，人工智能正在迅速发展，为健康监测以及食品和药品的保存提供先进的信号处理，所有这些进步都依赖于“全面的数据收集，而传统的传感器通常很麻烦” 、昂贵且笨重——无法实现。李补充说，这使得嵌入智能织物中的印刷传感器成为连续数据收集和监控的理想选择。

While this innovative fabric marks significant progress in making these applications feasible, the researchers will now focus on further improving the fabric's capabilities and incorporating it with electronic systems. A smartphone app may also be part of this future development to track and transmit data from the fabric to healthcare professionals for real-time, non-invasive health monitoring.

虽然这种创新织物标志着在使这些应用变得可行方面取得了重大进展，但研究人员现在将专注于进一步提高织物的功能并将其与电子系统相结合。智能手机应用程序也可能是未来开发的一部分，用于跟踪织物数据并将其传输给医疗保健专业人员，以进行实时、非侵入性的健康监测。

Pioneering Fabrics of the Future

未来的先锋面料

Advancements in smart clothing have been happening rapidly for some time now. In 2016, researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta created a micro-cable power fabric that could harvest energy from sunlight and motion.

一段时间以来，智能服装的进步一直在迅速发生。 2016 年，亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院的研究人员创造了一种微电缆电力织物，可以从阳光和运动中收集能量。

For this, the scientists weaved thread with thin, fiber-based solar cells and triboelectric nanogenerators. The resultant smart fabric had a 320 μm thick single layer and could be integrated into tents, curtains, and various clothes. The textile, as per the study, could directly

为此，科学家们用细纤维太阳能电池和摩擦纳米发电机编织了线。由此产生的智能织物单层厚度为 320 微米，可以集成到帐篷、窗帘和各种衣服中。根据研究，这种纺织品可以直接