多边形：以太坊缩放解决方案

多边形是第2层以太坊区块链缩放解决方案。它通过Sidechains和等离子体链提供可伸缩性，从而降低了拥塞和交易成本。

Polygon, formerly known as Matic Network, is a layer 2 Ethereum scaling solution designed to address the network’s limitations regarding throughput, transaction speed, and cost efficiency.

Polygon，以前称为Matic Network，是第2层以太坊缩放解决方案，旨在解决网络在吞吐量，交易速度和成本效率方面的限制。

Polygon operates as a framework for building and connecting Ethereum-compatible blockchain networks, providing developers with the tools to create scalable decentralized apps (dApps) with enhanced functionalities.

Polygon作为构建和连接以太坊兼容的区块链网络的框架，为开发人员提供了创建具有增强功能的可扩展分散化应用程序（DAPP）的工具。

At its core, Polygon utilizes a combination of sidechains, Plasma chains, and other scaling techniques to offload transactions from the Ethereum mainchain, thereby alleviating congestion and reducing gas fees.

从本质上讲，Polygon利用了侧链，等离子体链和其他缩放技术的组合来卸载以太坊主链的交易，从而减轻了交通拥堵并减少了气体费用。

By leveraging a network of independent validators and implementing a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, Polygon ensures high throughput and fast finality without compromising security.

通过利用独立验证者网络并实施证明（POS）共识机制，多边形可以确保高吞吐量和快速终止性，而不会损害安全性。

Now, let’s delve into the specifics of how Polygon tackles Ethereum’s scalability issue and the various tools and chains it employs to achieve this goal.

现在，让我们深入研究多边形如何解决以太坊的可伸缩性问题以及它采用的各种工具和链条来实现这一目标。

Polygon Sidechains

多边形Sidechains

Polygon sidechains are essentially parallel blockchains that run alongside the Ethereum mainchain. These sidechains are designed to handle large volumes of transactions off-chain, before submitting the processed batches back to the mainchain for final inclusion.

多边形Sidechains基本上是与以太坊主链一起运行的平行区块链。这些侧链旨在处理大量交易链，然后将处理的批次提交给Mainchain以进行最终包含。

By offloading transactions to these parallel chains, Polygon can significantly reduce the load on the Ethereum network, improving transaction speeds and lowering gas fees.

通过将交易卸载到这些平行链中，多边形可以显着降低以太坊网络的负载，提高交易速度并降低气体费用。

Moreover, these sidechains can be customized to suit specific requirements. For instance, some sidechains might prioritize high throughput, while others could be optimized for specific use cases or applications.

此外，可以定制这些侧链以满足特定要求。例如，某些侧链可能会优先考虑高通量，而另一些则可以针对特定用例或应用进行优化。

This modularity allows developers to choose the sidechain that best aligns with their needs and preferences.

这种模块化使开发人员可以选择最适合其需求和偏好的侧链。

Polygon Plasma Chains

多边形血浆链

Another crucial component in Polygon’s arsenal of scaling solutions is Plasma technology. Plasma chains are designed to further enhance transaction throughput and reduce costs.

Polygon缩放解决方案武器库中的另一个关键组成部分是血浆技术。血浆链旨在进一步增强交易吞吐量并降低成本。

Here's a simplified overview of how Plasma chains operate within the Polygon ecosystem:

这是对Polygon生态系统中血浆链如何运行的简化概述：

A large number of transactions are bundled together and processed off-chain on a Plasma chain.

大量交易捆绑在一起，并在等离子体链上处理链子。

Once the transactions are processed, a Merkle tree root, which serves as a compressed cryptographic hash of all the transactions, is submitted back to the Ethereum mainchain.

一旦处理了交易，将作为所有交易的压缩加密哈希人的默克树根提交给以太坊主链。

Later, anyone can attest to the validity of the transactions included in the Plasma chain by submitting a "Plasma fraud proof" to the Ethereum mainchain.

后来，任何人都可以通过向以太坊主链提交“等离子体欺诈证明”来证明等离子链中包含的交易的有效性。

If any fraudulent transactions are detected, they can be challenged and reverted through a process known as an "exit."

如果检测到任何欺诈性交易，则可以通过称为“退出”的过程对它们进行挑战和恢复。

Through this Plasma implementation, Polygon can achieve significant scalability gains, enabling faster transaction processing and lower fees compared to the Ethereum mainchain.

通过这种血浆实施，多边形可以实现显着的可伸缩性提高，与以太坊主链相比，可以更快地进行交易处理和较低的费用。

Polygon zkEVM

多边形Zkevm

Polygon’s latest scalability solution combines zero-knowledge (ZK) cumulative validation technology with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) to improve transaction speeds.

Polygon的最新可扩展性解决方案将零知识（ZK）累积验证技术与以太坊虚拟机（EVM）相结合，以提高交易速度。

At its core, zkEVM leverages zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) to improve transaction validation. A ZKP is a cryptographic method where one party can prove to another that a statement is true without revealing any information about the statement itself. ZKPs enable parties to authenticate transactions without revealing sensitive details like sender, receiver, or transaction amount.

ZKEVM以核心利用零知识证明（ZKP）来改善交易验证。 ZKP是一种加密方法，其中一方可以向另一方证明语句是正确的，而无需揭示有关该语句本身的任何信息。 ZKPS使当事方能够对交易进行身份验证，而不会揭示敏感细节（例如发件人，接收器或交易金额）。

By using ZKPs, Polygon can reduce computational overhead, which accelerates transaction processing. EVM’s compatibility with ZKPs ensures seamless integration with existing Ethereum-based applications and smart contracts.

通过使用ZKP，多边形可以减少计算开销，从而加速交易处理。 EVM与ZKP的兼容性确保与现有基于以太坊的应用程序和智能合约的无缝集成。

Polygon’s zkEVM offers users a more secure, efficient, and cost-effective environment for conducting transactions and deploying decentralized applications by providing a platform that combines privacy-preserving techniques with scalability solutions.

Polygon的ZKEVM为用户提供了一个更安全，高效，具有成本效益的环境，用于通过提供一个将保护隐私技术与可扩展性解决方案相结合的平台，来进行交易和部署分散应用程序。

Now that we've covered the main tools and chains employed by Polygon to enhance Ethereum’s scalability, let’s shift our focus to exploring some of the key use cases and activities that are enabled by Polygon.

现在，我们已经介绍了多边形用于增强以太坊可扩展性的主要工具和链条，让我们将重点转移到探索Polygon启用的一些关键用例和活动中。

Using Polygon, you can immerse yourself in various activities within the blockchain ecosystem. Firstly, you can engage in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, exploring opportunities like lending, borrowing, yield farming, and liquidity provision with reduced transaction fees and faster confirmations compared to Ethereum.

使用多边形，您可以将自己沉浸在区块链生态系统中的各种活动中。首先，您可以进行分散的财务（DEFI）协议，探索与以太坊相比，贷款，借贷，产量耕种和流动性提供诸如交易费用和更快的确认速度之类的机会。

You could also plunge into non-fungible tokens (NFTs), where you can buy, sell, and trade digital assets on Polygon-powered marketplaces. You play blockchain-based games in virtual worlds, collecting digital assets and engaging in in-game economies with enhanced scalability and reduced fees.

您还可以陷入不可杀菌的代币（NFTS），在那里您可以在多边形供电的市场上购买，出售和交易数字资产。您可以在虚拟世界中玩基于区块链的游戏，收集数字资产并从事游戏内经济体，并具有增强的可扩展性和减少费用。

Polygon also has its native token, MATIC (MATIC). With MATIC, you can participate in governance, staking, and yield farming within the Polygon ecosystem. You can take advantage of the real-time Polygon price and even convert the coin to fiat currency, such as USD.

多边形还具有其天然令牌Matic（matic）。使用Matic，您可以在多边形生态系统中参与治理，积累和产生耕作。您可以利用实时多边形价格，甚至将硬币转换为法定货币，例如美元。

Within the ecosystem, you can leverage Polygon’s decentralization for building enterprise solutions such as supply chain management, identity verification, delegating, and asset tokenization.

在生态系统中，您可以利用多边形的权力下放，用于构建企业解决方案，例如供应链管理，身份验证，委派和资产令牌化。

Finally, you can access decentralized exchanges (DEXs) and decentralized applications on Polygon, facilitating token trading, financial services, and various application interactions in a more efficient and cost-effective manner compared to traditional networks.

最后，与传统网络相比，您可以访问Polygon上的分散交流（DEX）和分散申请，以更有效，更具成本效益的方式来促进令牌交易，金融服务和各种应用程序交互。