模因硬币：风险加密趋势的最终指南

模因硬币已从互联网笑话发展为数十亿美元的资产，从休闲投资者到主要金融机构和现任美国总裁都吸引了所有人。

Meme coins, a class of cryptocurrencies inspired by internet memes and viral trends, have captivated the attention of traders, ranging from casual investors to major financial institutions. These assets, often lacking intrinsic value or utility, have soared and crashed dramatically, attracting scrutiny from authorities over their potential to facilitate fraud.

模因硬币是受互联网模因和病毒趋势启发的一类加密货币，吸引了交易者的注意力，从休闲投资者到主要金融机构。这些经常缺乏内在价值或实用性的资产猛增和崩溃，在当局审查其促进欺诈方面的审查。

Anwar Sheluchin, a doctoral candidate at McMaster University who studies financial governance and digital currencies, highlighted the speculative nature of meme coins in an interview with Investopedia.

研究金融治理和数字货币的麦克马斯特大学博士候选人安瓦尔·谢鲁钦（Anwar Sheluchin）在接受Investopedia的采访时强调了Meme Coins的投机性质。

"Meme coins are still inspired by internet culture and trends and supported by online communities [and] hype cycles," Sheluchin said. But "the hype around them seems to operate in shorter time frames than before."

Sheluchin说：“模因硬币仍然受到互联网文化和趋势的启发，并得到在线社区的支持[和]炒作周期。”但是“周围的炒作似乎比以前更短的时间范围。”

Sheluchin noted that many coins, such as the one inspired by the so-called "Hawk Tuah girl" and her 2024 viral fame, "had prices rise and plummet within hours"—not days or weeks.

Sheluchin指出，许多硬币，例如受到所谓的“霍克·图阿（Hawk Tuah Girl）”的启发的硬币和她2024年的病毒名声，“价格上涨了几个小时内”，而不是几天或几周。

Meme coins, initially conceived as playful parodies, have gained traction due to speculative interest, with Dogecoin (DOGE) leading the way. While some, like Shiba Inu (SHIB) and Floki Inu (FLOKI), have garnered strong followings, the vast majority have not.

模因硬币最初被认为是嬉戏的模仿，由于投机性的兴趣而引起了人们的关注，而Dogecoin（Doge）领先。虽然有些人，例如shiba inu（shib）和floki inu（floki），却获得了强大的追随者，但绝大多数人却没有。

For instance, days before his inauguration in January 2025, President Donald Trump released a $TRUMP token, marketing it as an "expression of support" for his views. The token's price surged more than 200% before crashing to below its offering price in a matter of days. This rollercoaster pattern is the rule, not the exception, for meme coins.

例如，在2025年1月的就职典礼之前的几天，唐纳德·特朗普总统发布了一个$特朗普的代币，以对其观点的“表达支持”进行营销。代币的价格飙升了200％以上，然后在几天之内坠毁至低于其发行价格。这种过山车模式是模因硬币的规则，而不是例外。

Authorities have flagged major criminal risks associated with meme coins. In October 2024, U.S. authorities charged 18 individuals and major crypto firms with various frauds against everyday investors. These schemes depended on central players in the sector—so-called "market makers"—who artificially inflated trading volumes and prices through wash trades to create fake transactions and suggest more buyer interest for unsuspecting investors.

当局已经标记了与模因硬币相关的主要犯罪风险。 2024年10月，美国当局指控18个人和主要加密公司对日常投资者进行各种欺诈。这些计划取决于该行业中的中心参与者（如此称呼的“做市商”），他们通过WASH交易来人为地膨胀交易量和价格，以创建假交易，并提出更多的买家利益，以备受戒心的投资者。

"The 2024 charges are a stark reminder of how vigilant online investors must be and that doing your homework before diving into the digital frontier is critical," said Acting U.S. Attorney Joshua Levy. "People considering making investments in the cryptocurrency industry should understand how these scams work so that they can protect themselves.”

代理美国检察官约书亚·利维（Joshua Levy）说：“ 2024年的指控清楚地提醒了在线投资者必须保持警惕，并且在潜入数字前沿之前进行作业至关重要。” “考虑在加密货币行业进行投资的人们应该了解这些骗局的工作原理，以便他们可以保护自己。”

One defendant in the October 2024 crypto fraud case unwittingly messaged undercover investigators that he and his cohort's "objective on the secondary markets" (where everyday traders buy their meme coins) was to find "other buyers from the community, people you don't know about or don't care about" because "we have to make [the other buyers] lose money in order to make [a] profit."

一名被告在2024年10月的加密欺诈案中不知不觉地向卧底调查人员发出的，他和他的同伙的“二级市场的目标”（日常交易者在这里购买模因硬币）是找到“来自社区的其他买家，您不知道的人，大约或不在乎“因为”，我们必须让（其他买家）损失钱才能赚取利润。”

Other well-known hazards of putting your money into these coins include:

将您的钱投入这些硬币的其他众所周知的危害包括：

The Bottom Line

底线

Traders should approach meme coins with extreme caution, more akin to gambling and entertainment than an investment for your portfolio. "The speculative nature of meme coins, combined with their susceptibility to fraud (pump-and-dump schemes)," Sheluchin said, "poses significant risks to retail investors, especially those who are inexperienced."

交易者应该非常谨慎地接触模因硬币，更类似于赌博和娱乐，而不是投资组合的投资。 Sheluchin说：“模因硬币的投机性质，加上它们对欺诈的易感性（泵送计划），对散户投资者（尤其是那些没有经验的人）构成了重大风险。”